RESUMO
This study was designed to determine the effect of Mangifera indica flowers decoction, on the acute and subacute models of induced ulcer in mice and rats. A single oral administration of the aqueous decoction (AD) from M. indica up to a dose of 5 g/kg, p.o. did not produce any signs or symptom of toxicity in the treated animals. The oral pre-treatment with AD (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) in rats with gastric lesions induced by ethanol, decreased the gastric lesions from 89.0+/-6.71 (control group) to 9.25+/-2.75, 4.50+/-3.30 and 0, respectively. Pretreatment with AD (250, 500 and 1000 mg/kg) to mice with HCl/ethanol- or stress-induced gastric lesions resulted in a dose-dependent significant decrease of lesion index. In the piroxicam-induced gastric lesions, the gastroprotective effect of AD was reducing with the increase of the AD dose. In the pylorus-ligature, AD (p.o.) significantly decreased the acid output indicating the antisecretory property involved in the gastroprotective effect of M. indica. Treatment with AD during 14 consecutive days significantly accelerated the healing process in subacute gastric ulcer induced by acetic acid in rats. Pretreatment with N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME), an inhibitor of NO-synthase, did not abolish the gastroprotective effects (99% with saline versus 80% with l-NAME) of AD against ethanol-induced gastric lesions. Pretreatment with N-ethylmaleimide (NEM), a blocker of endogenous sulphydryl group, significantly abolished the protective effects of AD against ethanol-induced gastric ulcers (95% with saline versus 47% with NEM). Phytochemical screening showed the presence of steroids, triterpenes, phenolic compounds and flavonoids. Estimation of the global polyphenol content in the AD was performed by Folin-Ciocalteu method and showed approximately 53% of total phenolic on this extract. These findings indicate the potential gastroprotective and ulcer-healing properties of aqueous decoction of M. indica flowers and further support its popular use in gastrointestinal disorders in Caribbean.
Assuntos
Antiulcerosos/uso terapêutico , Flores/química , Mangifera/química , Extratos Vegetais/uso terapêutico , Úlcera Gástrica/tratamento farmacológico , Estômago/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Inibidores de Ciclo-Oxigenase/toxicidade , Etanol/toxicidade , Etilmaleimida/toxicidade , Flavonoides/química , Ácido Gástrico/metabolismo , Ácido Clorídrico/toxicidade , Masculino , Camundongos , Fenóis/química , Polifenóis , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Estômago/patologia , Úlcera Gástrica/induzido quimicamente , Úlcera Gástrica/patologiaRESUMO
A new prenylated salicylic acid derivative, 3-farnesyl-2-hydroxy benzoic acid (1), was isolated from the leaves of Piper multiplinervium C. DC. (Piperaceae). It showed anti-Helicobacter pylori activity (MIC 37.5 microg/ml) and antimicrobial activity at MICs between 2.5 and 5 microg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Mycobacterium smegmatis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Candida albicans. Its structure was elucidated by means of MS, 1H and 13C NMR. The ethnomedical claim of Piper multiplinervium to treat stomach aches by the Kuna Indians of Panama may be justified by anti-Helicobacter pylori activity of its MeOH extract.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Farneseno Álcool/análogos & derivados , Helicobacter pylori/efeitos dos fármacos , Hidroxibenzoatos/farmacologia , Piper/química , Anti-Infecciosos/isolamento & purificação , Escherichia coli/efeitos dos fármacos , Escherichia coli/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Farneseno Álcool/farmacologia , Helicobacter pylori/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Estrutura Molecular , Panamá , Folhas de Planta , Staphylococcus aureus/efeitos dos fármacos , Staphylococcus aureus/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Ethnomedical uses of 108 medicinal plant species, belonging to 52 families, 89 genera, used by the Teribe Amerindians of Bocas del Toro Province in Panama, along with their socio-cultural practices are reported here. The methods of administration of the herbal remedies, the plant parts used, their families and local names are also documented. The recorded medicinal plants were used mainly for fever, various type of pain and inflammation. The potential value of 26 plants and their traditional uses was elucidated through literature search.
Assuntos
Indígenas Centro-Americanos , Medicina Tradicional , Fitoterapia/métodos , Etnobotânica , Humanos , Panamá , Plantas MedicinaisRESUMO
Nineteen plants from the Republic of Panama were selected by their traditional uses in the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular, mental and feeding disorders and 149 extracts were screened using radioligand-receptor-binding assays. The methanol:dicloromethane extracts of the bark and leaves of Anacardium occidentale L., the leaves of Begonia urophylla Hook., the roots of Bocconia frutescens L., the stems and leaves of Cecropia cf.obtusifolia Bertol., the branches of Clusia coclensis Standl., the bark of Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.)Spreng., the roots of Dimerocostus strobilaceus Kuntze, the bark of Guazuma ulmifolia Lam., the leaves of Persea americana Mill. and the branches of Witheringia solanaceae L'Her. inhibited the [3H]-AT II binding (angiotensin II AT1 receptor) more than 50%. Only extracts of the roots of Dimerocostus strobilaceus Kuntze and the stems of Psychotria elata (Sw.) Hammel were potent inhibitors of the [3H] NPY binding (neuropeptide Y Y1 receptor) more than 50% and the ethanolic extracts of the leaves of Cecropia cf. obtusifolia Bertol., the leaves of Hedyosmum bonplandianum H.B.K., the roots of Bocconia frutescens L., the stem of Cecropia cf. obtusifolia Bertol. and the branches of Psychotria elata (Sw.) Hammel showed high inhibition of the [3H] BQ-123 binding (endothelin-1 ET(A) receptor) in a preliminary screening. These results promote the further investigation of these plants using the same assays.
Assuntos
Peptídeos Cíclicos/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Plantas Medicinais , Receptores de Angiotensina/efeitos dos fármacos , Receptores de Neuropeptídeo Y/efeitos dos fármacos , Humanos , Medicina Tradicional , Panamá , Ensaio Radioligante , Receptor Tipo 1 de AngiotensinaRESUMO
Results of an ethnopharmacognostic survey of 90 plants used by the Kuna Indians of San Blas Islands, who live in Ailigandí, are listed. Results of a literature search are also reported, including medical uses, known constituents and pharmacological effects.
Assuntos
Fitoterapia , Plantas Medicinais , Humanos , Indígenas Centro-Americanos , Panamá/etnologia , Plantas Medicinais/classificaçãoRESUMO
The methanolic extracts in 5 of 7 alagae from the Atlantic coast of Panama: Caulerpa racemosa, Halimeda opuntia, Gelidiela acerosa, Laurencia papillosa y Acanthophora spicifera, showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis in a concentration of 50 mg/ml by the cylinder plate method. None of the algae studies showed activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans. The content of agar in Acanthophora spicifera was found to be the highest (33.5%) of all the species studied.
Assuntos
Anti-Infecciosos , Eucariotos , Oceano Atlântico , Panamá , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologiaRESUMO
A list of newly identified plants is presented to supplement Part I (Joly et al. (1987) Journal of Ethnopharmacology 20, 145-171). A comparative analysis is made between our work and two other recent inventories of plants used by the Guaymi Indians of Panama and Costa Rica. As in Part I, the results of a literature survey are also provided, including medicinal uses, known constituents and pharmacological effects.
Assuntos
Plantas Medicinais/classificação , Medicina Tradicional , PanamáRESUMO
Plants used by Guaymi "Curanderos" in Western Panama (Bocas del Toro and Chiriquí) are listed. Results of a literature survey are also reported, including medical use, known constituents and pharmacological effects.