RESUMO
Resumo: de maneira geral, a atenção em saúde engloba atividades que demandam dos profissionais farmacêuticos a atuação clínica segura. Essa atuação considera a relação aperfeiçoada com os pacientes por meio de atributos para lidar com cenários conflitantes, os chamados "problemas ético-morais". Nesse sentido, o método deliberativo de Diego Gracia atua na discussão democrática prudente de casos com base em fatos, valores e deveres, formando comitês multiprofissionais. O estudo em questão apresenta contribuições da aplicação do método deliberativo em sala de aula, com a abordagem de problemas relevantes para a atividade farmacêutica e humana sob o olhar da Bioética contemporânea trabalhado em conjunto com discentes do curso de Farmácia dos 6° e 10° períodos, respectivamente. A deliberação como estratégia de ensino possibilitou a reflexão dos alunos quanto às inúmeras perspectivas na tomada de decisão em saúde, considerando aspectos como cultura, religião e sociedade; além disso, exaltou a importância das disciplinas concernentes à Deontologia e à Bioética na matriz curricular.
Summary: In general, health care encompasses activities that demand safe clinical performance from pharmaceutical professionals. This performance considers the improved relationship with patients through attributes to deal with conflicting scenarios, the so-called "ethical-moral problems". In this sense, Diego Gracia's deliberative method operates in the prudent democratic discussion of cases based on facts, values and duties, forming multidisciplinary committees. The study in question presents contributions from the application of the deliberative method in the classroom, with the approach of relevant problems for the pharmaceutical and human activity under the gaze of contemporary Bioethics worked together with students of the Pharmacy course of the 6th and 10th periods, respectively. Deliberation as a teaching strategy made it possible for students to reflect on the numerous perspectives in health decision-making, considering aspects such as culture, religion, and society; in addition, he highlighted the importance of subjects related to Deontology and Bioethics in the curriculum.
Resumen: en general, el cuidado de la salud engloba actividades que exigen un desempeño clínico seguro por parte de los profesionales farmacéuticos. Esta acción considera la mejora de la relación con los pacientes a través de atributos para enfrentar escenarios conflictivos, los denominados "problemas ético-morales". En este sentido, el método deliberativo de Diego Gracia opera en la prudente discusión democrática de los casos a partir de hechos, valores y deberes, formando comités multi- disciplinarios. El estudio en cuestión presenta aportes desde la aplicación del método deliberativo en el aula, con el abordaje de problemas relevantes para la actividad farmacéutica y humana bajo la mirada de la Bioética contemporánea trabajada junto a estudiantes de la carrera de Farmacia de los períodos 6° y 10°, respectivamente. La deliberación como estrategia de enseñanza posibilitó que los estudiantes reflexionaran sobre las múltiples perspectivas en la toma de decisiones en salud, considerando aspectos como la cultura, la religión y la sociedad; además, resaltó la importancia de las materias relacionadas con la Deontología y la Bioética en el plan de estudios.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of binary combinations of suboptimal schedules of drugs with different administration routes (topical paromomycin, intramuscular meglumine antimoniate and oral miltefosine) to treat animals infected with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. METHODS: Hamsters were inoculated with L. (V.) braziliensis and after ulceration of lesions, divided into seven groups: untreated control, paromomycin, miltefosine, meglumine antimoniate, meglumine antimoniateâ+âparomomycin, miltefosineâ+âparomomycin and meglumine antimoniateâ+âmiltefosine. Meglumine antimoniate and miltefosine were administered at low doses and topical paromomycin at a single daily application regimen. The animals were treated for 20 consecutive days (meglumine antimoniate and/or paromomycin) and/or 10 alternate days (miltefosine). Lesion sizes were determined weekly. Upon completion of treatment, parasites were recovered from skin lesions and spleens and evaluated by limiting dilution assay. RESULTS: The combinations of a once daily application of paromomycin with low doses of miltefosine or meglumine antimoniate yielded higher efficacies in reducing the parasite load as well as lesion size when compared with any of these drugs administered as monotherapy regimens at the same suboptimal schedules. CONCLUSIONS: Considering the parameters evaluated, the combinations of a systemic therapy with topical treatment were more effective than monotherapy with each of these drugs. These combinations may represent an alternative combination strategy for the treatment of leishmaniasis caused by L. (V.) braziliensis.