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STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective review of a prospective multicenter adult spinal deformity (ASD) study. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate 30-day readmissions, 90-day return to surgery, postoperative complications, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) for matched ASD patients receiving nonhome discharge (NON), including acute rehabilitation (REHAB), and skilled nursing facility (SNF), or home (HOME) discharge following ASD surgery. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Postoperative disposition following ASD surgery frequently involves nonhome discharge. Little data exists for longer term outcomes for ASD patients receiving nonhome discharge versus patients discharged to home. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Surgically treated ASD patients prospectively enrolled into a multicenter study were assessed for NON or HOME disposition following hospital discharge. NON was further divided into REHAB or SNF. Propensity score matching was used to match for patient age, frailty, spine deformity, levels fused, and osteotomies performed at surgery. Thirty-day hospital readmissions, 90-day return to surgery, postoperative complications, and 1-year and minimum 2-year postoperative PROs were evaluated. RESULTS: A total of 241 of 374 patients were eligible for the study. NON patients were identified and matched to HOME patients. Following matching, 158 patients remained for evaluation; NON and HOME had similar preoperative age, frailty, spine deformity magnitude, surgery performed, and duration of hospital stay ( P >0.05). Thirty-day readmissions, 90-day return to surgery, and postoperative complications were similar for NON versus HOME and similar for REHAB (N=64) versus SNF (N=42) versus HOME ( P >0.05). At 1-year and minimum 2-year follow-up, HOME demonstrated similar to better PRO scores including Oswestry Disability Index, Short-Form 36v2 questionnaire Mental Component Score and Physical Component Score, and Scoliosis Research Society scores versus NON, REHAB, and SNF ( P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Acute needs must be considered following ASD surgery, however, matched analysis comparing 30-day hospital readmissions, 90-day return to surgery, postoperative complications, and PROs demonstrated minimal benefit for NON, REHAB, or SNF versus HOME at 1- and 2-year follow-up, questioning the risk and cost/benefits of routine use of nonhome discharge. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III-prognostic.
Assuntos
Fragilidade , Alta do Paciente , Adulto , Humanos , Readmissão do Paciente , Instituições de Cuidados Especializados de Enfermagem , Estudos Prospectivos , Fragilidade/complicações , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Estudos RetrospectivosRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional observational study in a prospective cohort. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the cervical alignment characteristics and their chain of correlation in a sample of asymptomatic individuals. METHODS: Asymptomatic adults who had full spinal radiographs performed. Cervical radiographic parameters were measured, including upper cervical curvature (McGregor line-C2), lower cervical curvature (C2-C7), McGregor slope, and sagittal vertical axis from C2-C7 (CSVA) and T1-slope (T1S). Subjects were stratified by age into 3 groups (18-39 years, 40-59 years, and >60 years), and radiographic parameters were compared across age groups and based on sex. RESULTS: 102 asymptomatic subjects (mean age, 50 years) were included. The T1S significantly increased with age, accompanied by an increase in C2-C7 lordosis. The cervical sagittal alignment, represented by CSVA, did not significantly differ based on age. There was a close correlation among the cervical sagittal parameters, such that the CSVA may be predicted based on the T1S and C2-C7 lordosis. Comparisons of the normative values identified in the present study with those reported in previous studies demonstrate variability in what constitutes normal in different populations. CONCLUSION: This analysis of cervical alignment in a sample of asymptomatic volunteers revealed that with increasing age there is an observed increase in the sagittal inclination of the base of the cervical spine (T1S) that is accompanied by an increase in cervical lordosis as a means of maintaining cervical sagittal alignment (CSVA). The variability in what constitutes normal values for cervical parameters suggests that further study is warranted using standardized methodologies across diverse populations.
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BACKGROUND: Preoperative opioid is associated with poor postoperative outcomes for several surgical specialties, including neurosurgical, orthopedic, and general surgery. Patients with symptomatic adult spinal deformity (SASD) are among the highest patient populations reporting opioid use prior to surgery. Surgery for SASD has been demonstrated to improve patient reported quality of life, however, little medical economic data exists evaluating impact of preoperative opioid use upon surgical cost-effectiveness for SASD. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact that preoperative opioid use has upon SASD surgery including duration of intensive care unit (ICU) and hospital stay, postoperative complications, patient reported outcome measures (PROMs), and surgical cost-effectiveness using a propensity score matched analysis model. METHODS: Surgically treated SASD patients enrolled into a prospective multi-center SASD study were assessed for preoperative opioid use, and divided into two cohorts; preoperative opioid users (OPIOID) and preoperative opioid non-users (NON). Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to control for patient age, medical comorbidities, spine deformity type and magnitude, and surgical procedures for OPIOID vs NON. Preoperative and minimum 2-year postoperative PROMs, duration of ICU and hospital stay, postoperative complications, and opioid use at one and two years postoperative were compared for OPIOID vs NON. Preoperative, one year, and minimum two-year postoperative SF6D values were calculated, and one- and two-year postoperative QALYs were calculated using SF6D change from baseline. Hospital costs at the time of index surgery were calculated and cost/QALY compared at one and two years postop for OPIOID vs NON. RESULTS: 261/357 patients (mean follow-up 3.3 years) eligible for study were evaluated. Following the PSM control, OPIOID (n=97) had similar preoperative demographics, smoking and depression history, spine deformity magnitude, and surgery performed as NON (n=164; p>0.05). Preoperatively, OPIOID reported greater NRS back pain (7.7 vs 6.7) and leg pain (5.2 vs 3.9), worse ODI (50.8 vs 36.9), worse SF-36 PCS (28.8 vs 35.6), and worse SRS-22r self-image (2.3 vs 2.5) than NON, respectively (p<0.05). OPIOID had longer ICU (41.2 vs 21.4 hours) and hospital stay (10.6 vs 8.0 days) than NON, respectively (p<0.05). At last postoperative follow up, OPIOID reported greater NRS back pain (4.1 vs 2.3) and leg pain (2.9 vs 1.7), worse ODI (32.4 vs 19.4), worse SF-36 PCS (37.4 vs 47.0), worse SRS-22r self-image (3.5 vs 4.0), and lower SRS-22r treatment satisfaction score (2.5 vs 4.5) than NON, respectively (p<0.05). At last follow-up postoperative Cost/QALY was higher for OPIOID ($44,558.31) vs NON ($34,304.36; p<0.05). At last follow up OPIOID reported greater postoperative opioid usage than NON [41.2% vs. 12.9%, respectively; odds ratio =4.7 (95% CI=2.6-8.7; p<0.05)]. CONCLUSIONS: Prospective, multi-center, matched analysis demonstrated SASD patients using opioids prior to SASD surgery reported worse preoperative and postoperative quality of life, had longer ICU and hospital stay, had less cost effectiveness of SASD surgery. Preoperative opioid users also reported lower treatment satisfaction, and reported greater postoperative opioid use than non-users. These data should be used to council patients on the negative impact preoperative opioid use can have on SASD surgery.
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STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective analysis of a multicenter prospective adult spinal deformity (ASD) database. OBJECTIVE: Quantify postoperative improvements in pain, function, mental health, and self-image for different ASD types. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Medical providers are commonly requested to counsel patients on anticipated improvements in specific health domains including pain, function, and self-image following surgery. ASD is a heterogeneous condition; therefore, health domain improvements may vary according to deformity type. Few studies have quantified outcomes for specific ASD types. METHODS: Surgically treated ASD patients (≥4 levels fused) prospectively enrolled into a multicenter database, minimum 2-year follow-up, were categorized into ASD types according to Scoliosis Research Society-Schwab ASD classification (THORACIC, LUMBAR, DOUBLE, SAGITTAL, MIXED). Demographic, radiographic, operative, and patient reported outcome measures (NRS back and leg pain, SRS-22r, SF-36) data were evaluated. Preoperative and last postoperative values for pain, physical and social function, mental health, and self-image were evaluated, improvements in each domain were quantified, and domain scores compared to generational normative values. Postoperative improvements were also calculated for three age cohorts (<45 yr, 45-65 yr, and >65 yr) within each deformity type. RESULTS: 359 of 564 patients eligible for study (mean age 57.9 yr, mean scoliosis 43.4°, mean SVA 63.3âmm, mean 11.7 levels fused) had ≥2 yr follow-up. Domain improvements for the entire ASD population were 45.1% for back pain, 41.3% for leg pain, 27.1% for physical function, 35.9% for social function, 62.0% for self-image, and 22.6% for mental health (Pâ<â0.05). LUMBAR, SAGITTAL, and MIXED had greatest improvements in pain and function, while THORACIC and DOUBLE had greatest improvements in self-image. Self-image was the most impacted preoperative domain and demonstrated the greatest postoperative improvement for all ASD types. CONCLUSION: ASD patients demonstrated quantifiable postoperative improvements in pain, self-image, physical and social function, and mental health; however, improvements differed between ASD types. Further research is needed to understand specific patient expectations for ASD treatment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
Assuntos
Aconselhamento/normas , Período Pós-Operatório , Curvaturas da Coluna Vertebral/psicologia , Curvaturas da Coluna Vertebral/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Dor nas Costas , Doenças do Tecido Conjuntivo , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Saúde Mental , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Qualidade de Vida , Estudos Retrospectivos , Escoliose/cirurgia , Autoimagem , Coluna Vertebral/anormalidadesRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives To adapt the adult spinal deformity frailty index (ASD-FI), which was presented as an instrument for stratification of risk of surgical complications, for application in the Brazilian population. Methods This is a consensus-building study, following the Delphi method, in which a team of six Brazilian spine surgery specialists worked alongside the International Spine Study Group (ISSG), the group responsible for preparing the original version of the ASD-FI, in order to adapt the index for the Brazilian population. The variables to be included in the new version, as well as the translation of the terminology into Portuguese, were evaluated and a consensus was considered to have been reached when all (100%) of the Brazilian experts were in agreement. Results A version of the ASD-FI was created, composed of 42 variables, with the inclusion of two new variables that were not included in the original version. The new version was then back translated into English and approved by the ISSG members, resulting in the adapted version of the ASD-FI for the Brazilian population. Conclusion This study presents an adapted version of the adult spinal deformity frailty index for the Brazilian population, for the purpose of risk stratification in the surgical treatment of these complex deformities. Level of evidence II; Study of adaptation of a valid score.
RESUMO Objetivos Adaptar o Índice de Fragilidade para Deformidade da Coluna Vertebral do Adulto (IF-DCVA), apresentado como instrumento para estratificação de risco para complicações cirúrgicas, para aplicação na população brasileira. Métodos Trata-se de um estudo de criação de consenso, seguindo o método Delphi, em que uma equipe de seis especialistas brasileiros em cirurgia da coluna trabalhou em conjunto com o International Spine Study Group (ISSG), grupo responsável pelo desenvolvimento da versão original do IF-DCVA, a fim de adaptar o índice para a população brasileira. As variáveis a serem incluídas na nova versão, assim como a tradução da terminologia para o português foram avaliadas e foi considerado consenso quando todos (100%) os especialistas brasileiros chegaram a um acordo. Resultados Uma versão do IF-DCVA foi criada, composta por 42 variáveis, com a inclusão de duas novas variáveis que não faziam parte da versão original. A nova versão foi, então, retrotraduzida para o inglês e aprovada pelos membros do ISSG, resultando na versão adaptada do IF-DCVA para a população brasileira. Conclusões O presente estudo apresenta uma versão adaptada do Índice de Fragilidade para Deformidade da Coluna Vertebral do Adulto para a população brasileira com o objetivo de avaliar a estratificação de risco no tratamento cirúrgico dessas deformidades complexas. Nível de evidência II; Estudo de adaptação de um escore válido.
RESUMEN Objetivos Adaptar el Índice de Fragilidad para Deformidad de la Columna Vertebral del Adulto (IF-DCVA), presentado como instrumento para estratificación de riesgo para complicaciones quirúrgicas, para aplicación en la población brasileña. Métodos Se trata de un estudio de creación de consenso, siguiendo el método Delphi, en el que un equipo de seis especialistas brasileños en cirugía de columna trabajó junto con el International Spine Study Group (ISSG), grupo responsable por el desarrollo de la versión original de IF-DCVA, a fin de adaptar el índice para la población brasileña. Las variables a ser incluidas en la nueva versión, así como la traducción de la terminología para el portugués de Brasil fueron evaluadas y se consideró consenso cuando todos (100%) los especialistas brasileños llegaron a un acuerdo. Resultados Fue creada una versión del IF-DCVA, compuesta por 42 variables, con la inclusión de dos nuevas variables que no formaban parte de la versión original. La nueva versión fue entonces retrotraducida al inglés y aprobada por los miembros del ISSG, lo que resultó en la versión adaptada del IF-DCVA para la población brasileña. Conclusiones El presente estudio presenta una versión adaptada para la población brasileña del Índice de Fragilidad para la Deformidad de la Columna Vertebral del Adulto, con el objetivo de evaluar la estratificación de riesgo en el tratamiento quirúrgico de esas deformidades complejas. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudio de adaptación de una escala válida.
Assuntos
Humanos , Escoliose , Envelhecimento , FragilidadeRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: Propensity score matched analysis of a multi-center prospective adult spinal deformity (ASD) database. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate if surgical implant prophylaxis combined with avoidance of sagittal overcorrection more effectively prevents proximal junctional failure (PJF) than use of surgical implants alone. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: PJF is a severe form of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK). Efforts to prevent PJF have focused on use of surgical implants. Less information exists on avoidance of overcorrection of age-adjusted sagittal alignment to prevent PJF. METHODS: Surgically treated ASD patients (age ≥18 yrs; ≥5 levels fused, ≥1 year follow-up) enrolled into a prospective multi-center ASD database were propensity score matched (PSM) to control for risk factors for PJF. Patients evaluated for use of surgical implants to prevent PJF (IMPLANT) versus no implant prophylaxis (NONE), and categorized by the type of implant used (CEMENT, HOOK, TETHER). Postoperative sagittal alignment was evaluated for overcorrection of age-adjusted sagittal alignment (OVER) versus within sagittal parameters (ALIGN). Incidence of PJF was evaluated at minimum 1 year postop. RESULTS: Six hundred twenty five of 834 eligible for study inclusion were evaluated. Following PSM to control for confounding variables, analysis demonstrated the incidence of PJF was lower for IMPLANT (nâ=â235; 10.6%) versus NONE (nâ=â390: 20.3%; Pâ<â0.05). Use of transverse process hooks at the upper instrumented vertebra (HOOK; nâ=â115) had the lowest rate of PJF (7.0%) versus NONE (20.3%; Pâ<â0.05). ALIGN (nâ=â246) had lower incidence of PJF than OVER (nâ=â379; 12.0% vs. 19.2%, respectively; Pâ<â0.05). The combination of ALIGN-IMPLANT further reduced PJF rates (nâ=â81; 9.9%), while OVER-NONE had the highest rate of PJF (nâ=â225; 24.2%; Pâ<â0.05). CONCLUSION: Propensity score matched analysis of 625 ASD patients demonstrated use of surgical implants alone to prevent PJF was less effective than combining implants with avoidance of sagittal overcorrection. Patients that received no PJF implant prophylaxis and had sagittal overcorrection had the highest incidence of PJF. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 3.
Assuntos
Cifose/diagnóstico por imagem , Cifose/cirurgia , Pontuação de Propensão , Próteses e Implantes , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Cimentos Ósseos , Terapia Combinada/métodos , Bases de Dados Factuais , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Cifose/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/efeitos adversos , Procedimentos Neurocirúrgicos/métodos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico por imagem , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/prevenção & controle , Estudos Prospectivos , Reoperação/efeitos adversos , Reoperação/métodos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fusão Vertebral/efeitos adversos , Fusão Vertebral/métodos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To develop a version of the Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI), translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Methods: The well-established process of translation into Portuguese and back translation into English was used together with cultural adaptation. Results: Five bilingual translators (English and Portuguese) performed the translation of the Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) from English to Portuguese based on interactive discussions used to arrive at a consensus translation. The translated version of LSDI was then translated into English by a native English-speaking translator who did not know the concepts involved in LSDI. The original LSDI and back translation were compared by a committee formed by the translators responsible for translating the original into Portuguese and a North-American spine surgeon, and because they were considered equivalent, the final version of the LSDI translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted was defined. Conclusions: In order to facilitate global and cross-cultural comparisons of the influence of lumbar stiffness related to spinal arthrodesis in daily activities, this study presents a version of LSDI that has been translated into Portuguese and culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. Level of Evidence; Not Applicable. Prospective Study.
RESUMO Objetivos: Desenvolver uma versão do Lumbar Stiffness Disability (LSDI) Index, traduzido para o português e culturalmente adaptado para a população brasileira. Métodos: O processo bem estabelecido de tradução para o português e contra-tradução para o inglês foi empregado juntamente com a adaptação cultural. Resultados: Cinco tradutores bilíngües (inglês e português) realizaram a tradução do Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) do inglês para o português baseada em discussões interativas usadas para chegar a uma tradução consensual. A versão traduzida do LSDI foi então traduzida para o inglês por um tradutor nativo de língua inglesa que não sabia os conceitos envolvidos com o LSDI. O LSDI original e a retrotradução foram comparadas por comitê contendo os tradutores responsáveis pela tradução do original para o português e com um cirurgião de coluna vertebral norte americano, e por serem consideradas equivalentes, a versão final do LSDI traduzida para o Português e adaptada culturalmente foi definida. Conclusão: Para facilitar comparações globais e transculturais da influência da rigidez lombar relacionada a artrodese de coluna vertebral nas atividades diárias, este estudo estudo apresenta uma versão do LSDI que foi traduzida para o português e adaptada culturalmente para a população brasileira. Nível de Evodencia; Não Aplicável. Trabalho Prospectivo.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Desarrollar una versión del Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) traducido al portugués y culturalmente adaptada a la población brasileña. Métodos: El proceso bien establecido de la traducción al portugués y viceversa traducida al inglés se utilizó junto con la adaptación cultural. Resultados: Cinco traductores bilingües (inglés y portugués) llevaron a cabo la traducción del Lumbar Stiffness Disability Index (LSDI) del inglés al portugués basada en debates interactivos utilizados para llegar a una traducción consensual. La versión traducida del LSDI fue entonces traducida al inglés por un traductor nativo de lengua inglesa que no conocía los conceptos involucrados con el LSDI. El texto original y la copia de la traducción se compararon por un comité formado por los traductores responsables de la traducción del original al portugués y un cirujano de la columna vertebral norteamericano, y cómo se consideran equivalentes, la versión final traducida al portugués y culturalmente adaptada del LSDI se ha definido. Conclusiones: Para facilitar comparaciones globales y transculturales de la influencia de la rigidez lumbar relacionada con la artrodesis de columna vertebral en las actividades diarias, este estudio presenta una versión del LSDI que ha sido traducida al portugués y culturalmente adaptada a la población brasileña. Nivel de Evidencia; No se aplica. Estudio Prospectivo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Fusão Vertebral , Tradução , Amplitude de Movimento Articular , Avaliação da DeficiênciaRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate morphometric variations of the cervical spine in patients with cervical spondylotic myelopathy (CSM) using a standard technique of dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), to assess the inter- and intraobserver reliability of measurements of morphometric parameters based on this imaging, and to compare the resulting measurements with those previously published. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Because dynamic factors may contribute to the etiology and severity of CSM, dynamic (flexion-extension) MRI may be useful to better evaluate for spinal stenosis and cord compromise. METHODS: Dynamic cervical MRI was obtained using a standard protocol with the neck in neutral, flexion, and extension positions. The morphometric parameters considered were anterior length of the spinal cord (ALSC), posterior length of the spinal cord (PLSC), spinal canal diameter, and spinal cord width. Two observers analyzed the parameters independently, and the inter- and intraobserver reliabilities were assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). RESULTS: A total of 18 patients were included in the study and all completed the dynamic MRI acquisition protocol. The inter- and intraobserver reliabilities demonstrated "almost perfect agreement" (ICC >0.9, Pâ<â0.001) for ALSC and PLSC in all positions. The spinal canal diameter had inter- and intraobserver reliability classified as "almost perfect agreement" (ICC: 0.83-0.98, Pâ<â0.001 and ICC: 0.90-0.99, Pâ<â0.001, respectively) in all positions. The spinal cord width had inter- and intraobserver reliability classified as "substantial agreement" (ICC: 0.73-0.94, Pâ<â0.001 and ICC: 0.79-0.96, Pâ<â0.001, respectively) in all positions. ALSC and PLSC in neutral, flexion, and extension positions from the present study were significantly greater compared to the measurements previously published (Pâ<â0.001). CONCLUSION: The dynamic MRI protocol presented was safe and may allow a more complete evaluation of variations in the cervical spine in patients with CSM than traditional MRI protocols. The morphometric parameters based on this protocol demonstrated excellent inter- and intraobserver reliabilities. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 4.
Assuntos
Vértebras Cervicais/diagnóstico por imagem , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/normas , Espondilose/diagnóstico por imagem , Adulto , Idoso , Vértebras Cervicais/fisiopatologia , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/métodos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Amplitude de Movimento Articular/fisiologia , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Medula Espinal/fisiopatologia , Estenose Espinal/patologia , Espondilose/fisiopatologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the intra- and inter-observer reliability of a Brazilian Portuguese translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the mJOA questionnaire. METHODS: The reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the mJOA scale was assessed through the evaluation of a sample of patients with cervical myelopathy by two independent experienced spine surgeon examiners. Inter-observer reliability was defined by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between the evaluations of the two examiners, and intra-observer reliability was assessed by the ICC between the two evaluations of one examiner. RESULTS: Fifty-five patients were included in the study (mean age 58.7 years). The ICC for inter-observer reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the mJOA was 0.967, and the ICC for intra-observer reliability was 0.869, both classified as "almost perfect" (> 0.81). CONCLUSION: The Brazilian Portuguese translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the mJOA questionnaire appears to be valid and reliable. Level of evidence I, Diagnostic Studies, Investigating a Diagnostic Test.
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a confiabilidade intra e interobservador da versão do questionário mJOA traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português brasileiro. MÉTODOS: A confiabilidade da versão em português da escala mJOA foi avaliada em uma amostra de pacientes com mielopatia cervical por dois examinadores com experiência em cirurgia da coluna vertebral. A confiabilidade interobservador foi definida pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) entre as avaliações dos dois examinadores e a confiabilidade intraobservador pelo CCI entre duas avaliações de um examinador. RESULTADOS: Cinquenta e cinco pacientes foram incluídos no estudo (média de idade: 58,7 anos). O CCI para confiabilidade interobservador da versão brasileira do mJOA foi 0,967 e o CCI para a confiabilidade intraobservador foi 0,869, ambas classificadas como "quase perfeita" (> 0,81). CONCLUSÃO: A versão do questionário mJOA traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português brasileiro demonstrou-se válida e confiável. Nível de Evidência I, Estudos diagnósticos, Investigação de um Exame para Diagnóstico.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the intra- and inter-observer reliability of a Brazilian Portuguese translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the mJOA questionnaire. Methods: The reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the mJOA scale was assessed through the evaluation of a sample of patients with cervical myelopathy by two independent experienced spine surgeon examiners. Inter-observer reliability was defined by the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC) between the evaluations of the two examiners, and intra-observer reliability was assessed by the ICC between the two evaluations of one examiner. Results: Fifty-five patients were included in the study (mean age 58.7 years). The ICC for inter-observer reliability of the Brazilian Portuguese version of the mJOA was 0.967, and the ICC for intra-observer reliability was 0.869, both classified as "almost perfect" (> 0.81). Conclusion: The Brazilian Portuguese translated and cross-culturally adapted version of the mJOA questionnaire appears to be valid and reliable. Level of evidence I, Diagnostic Studies, Investigating a Diagnostic Test.
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a confiabilidade intra e interobservador da versão do questionário mJOA traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português brasileiro. Métodos: A confiabilidade da versão em português da escala mJOA foi avaliada em uma amostra de pacientes com mielopatia cervical por dois examinadores com experiência em cirurgia da coluna vertebral. A confiabilidade interobservador foi definida pelo Coeficiente de Correlação Intraclasse (CCI) entre as avaliações dos dois examinadores e a confiabilidade intraobservador pelo CCI entre duas avaliações de um examinador. Resultados: Cinquenta e cinco pacientes foram incluídos no estudo (média de idade: 58,7 anos). O CCI para confiabilidade interobservador da versão brasileira do mJOA foi 0,967 e o CCI para a confiabilidade intraobservador foi 0,869, ambas classificadas como "quase perfeita" (> 0,81). Conclusão: A versão do questionário mJOA traduzida e adaptada culturalmente para o português brasileiro demonstrou-se válida e confiável. Nível de Evidência I, Estudos diagnósticos, Investigação de um Exame para Diagnóstico.
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OBJECTIVES:: To develop a version of the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale that had been translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. METHODS:: The well-established process of forward-backward translation was employed along with cross-cultural adaptation. RESULTS:: Three bilingual translators (English and native Portuguese) performed the forward translation of the mJOA scale from English to Portuguese based on iterative discussions used to reach a consensus translation. The translated version of the mJOA scale was then back-translated into English by a native English-speaking translator unaware of the concepts involved with the mJOA scale. The original mJOA scale and the back-translated version were compared by a native North American neurosurgeon, and as they were considered equivalent, the final version of the mJOA scale that had been translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted was defined. CONCLUSION:: To facilitate global and cross-cultural comparisons of the severity of cervical myelopathy, this study presents a version of the mJOA scale that was translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian population.
Assuntos
Comparação Transcultural , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Traduções , Brasil , Humanos , Qualidade de Vida , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: To develop a version of the modified Japanese Orthopaedic Association (mJOA) scale that had been translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian population. METHODS: The well-established process of forward-backward translation was employed along with cross-cultural adaptation. RESULTS: Three bilingual translators (English and native Portuguese) performed the forward translation of the mJOA scale from English to Portuguese based on iterative discussions used to reach a consensus translation. The translated version of the mJOA scale was then back-translated into English by a native English-speaking translator unaware of the concepts involved with the mJOA scale. The original mJOA scale and the back-translated version were compared by a native North American neurosurgeon, and as they were considered equivalent, the final version of the mJOA scale that had been translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted was defined. CONCLUSION: To facilitate global and cross-cultural comparisons of the severity of cervical myelopathy, this study presents a version of the mJOA scale that was translated into Portuguese and cross-culturally adapted for the Brazilian population.
Assuntos
Humanos , Comparação Transcultural , Qualidade de Vida , Doenças da Medula Espinal/diagnóstico , Traduções , Brasil , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective review. OBJECTIVE: To study time to development, clinical and radiographic characteristics, and management of proximal junctional kyphosis (PJK) following thoracolumbar instrumented fusion for adult spinal deformity (ASD). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: PJK continues to be a common mode of failure following ASD surgery. Although literature exists on possible risk factors, data on management remain limited. METHODS: A retrospective review of medical records of 289 consecutive ASD patients who underwent posterior segmental instrumentation incorporating at least 5 segments was conducted. PJK was defined as proximal kyphotic angle >10 degrees. RESULTS: PJK occurred in 32 patients (11%) at a mean follow-up of 34 months (range, 1.3-61.9±19 mo). Sixteen (50%) patients were revised (mean, 1.7 revisions; range, 1-3) at a mean follow-up of 9.6 months (range, 0.7-40 mo); primary indications for revision were pain (n=16), myelopathy (n=6), instability (n=4), and instrumentation protrusion (n=2). Comparison of preindex and postindex surgery radiographic parameters demonstrated significant improvement in mean lumbar lordosis (24 vs. 42 degrees, P<0.001), pelvic incidence-lumbar lordosis mismatch (30 vs. 11 degrees, P<0.001), and pelvic tilt (29 vs. 23 degrees, P<0.011). The mean T5-T12 kyphosis worsened (30 vs. 53 degrees, P<0.001) and the mean global sagittal spinal alignment failed to improve (9.6 vs. 8.0 cm, P=0.76). There was no apparent relationship between the absolute PJK angle and revision surgery (P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The patients in this series who developed PJK had substantial preoperative positive sagittal malalignment that remained inadequately corrected following surgery, likely resulting from a combination of inadequate surgical correction and a significant compensatory increase in thoracic kyphosis. In the absence of direct relationship between a greater PJK angle and worse clinical outcome, clinical symptoms and neurological status rather than absolute reliance on radiographic parameters should drive the decision to pursue revision surgery.