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AIMS: Our aim is to compare volume of suctioned secretion, respiratory mechanics, and hemodynamic parameters in intubated patients undergoing closed-system endotracheal suctioning alone (control group) versus closed-system tracheal suctioning with an expiratory pause (intervention group). SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Randomized crossover clinical trial. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients who had been on mechanical ventilation for more than 24 hours were randomly assigned to receive closed-system suctioning alone or closed-system suctioning with an expiratory pause on the ventilator. The following variables were evaluated: heart rate, respiratory rate, mean arterial pressure, peripheral arterial oxygen saturation, peak inspiratory pressure, mechanical ventilator circuit pressure during aspiration, exhaled tidal volume, dynamic compliance, resistance, and weight of suctioned secretion. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Compared using the paired t-test and general linear model analysis of variance for normally distributed variables (as confirmed by the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test). The Wilcoxon test was used for variables with a nonparametric distribution, while the Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test were used for categorical variables. RESULTS: The sample comprised 31 patients (mean age, 61.1 ± 18.2 years). The amount of secretion suctioned was significantly higher in the intervention group than in the control group (1.6 g vs 0.45 g; p = 0.0001). There were no significant changes in hemodynamic parameters or respiratory mechanics when comparing pre- and postprocedure time points. CONCLUSION: The combination of closed-system endotracheal suctioning and an expiratory pause significantly increased the amount of secretion suctioned compared to conventional suctioning without expiratory pause. KEY MESSAGES: Combination of closed-system endotracheal suctioning and an expiratory pause significantly increased the amount of secretion suctioned. HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE: Martins LFG, Naue WS, Skueresky AS, Bianchi T, Dias AS, Forgiarini Junior LA. Effects of Combined Tracheal Suctioning and Expiratory Pause: A Crossover Randomized Clinical Trial. Indian J Crit Care Med 2019;23(10):454-457.
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OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the use of reflex cough PEF as a predictor of successful extubation in neurological patients who were candidates for weaning from mechanical ventilation. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of 135 patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h in the ICU of Cristo Redentor Hospital, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Reflex cough PEF, the rapid shallow breathing index, MIP, and MEP were measured, as were ventilatory, hemodynamic, and clinical parameters. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 47.8 ± 17 years. The extubation failure rate was 33.3%. A reflex cough PEF of < 80 L/min showed a relative risk of 3.6 (95% CI: 2.0-6.7), and the final Glasgow Coma Scale score showed a relative risk of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.51-0.83). For every 1-point increase in a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8, there was a 36% reduction in the risk of extubation failure. CONCLUSIONS: Reflex cough PEF and the Glasgow Coma Scale score are independent predictors of extubation failure in neurological patients admitted to the ICU.
Assuntos
Extubação/métodos , Lesões Encefálicas , Tosse/fisiopatologia , Hemorragias Intracranianas , Reflexo/fisiologia , Respiração Artificial , Adulto , Idoso , Brasil , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Escala de Coma de Glasgow , Humanos , Capacidade Inspiratória , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças do Sistema Nervoso/terapia , Pico do Fluxo Expiratório/fisiologia , Curva ROC , Estatísticas não ParamétricasRESUMO
AbstractObjective: To evaluate the use of reflex cough PEF as a predictor of successful extubation in neurological patients who were candidates for weaning from mechanical ventilation.Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of 135 patients receiving mechanical ventilation for more than 24 h in the ICU of Cristo Redentor Hospital, in the city of Porto Alegre, Brazil. Reflex cough PEF, the rapid shallow breathing index, MIP, and MEP were measured, as were ventilatory, hemodynamic, and clinical parameters.Results: The mean age of the patients was 47.8 ± 17 years. The extubation failure rate was 33.3%. A reflex cough PEF of < 80 L/min showed a relative risk of 3.6 (95% CI: 2.0-6.7), and the final Glasgow Coma Scale score showed a relative risk of 0.64 (95% CI: 0.51-0.83). For every 1-point increase in a Glasgow Coma Scale score of 8, there was a 36% reduction in the risk of extubation failure.Conclusions: Reflex cough PEF and the Glasgow Coma Scale score are independent predictors of extubation failure in neurological patients admitted to the ICU.
ResumoObjetivo:Avaliar o uso do pico de fluxo de tosse reflexa (PFTR) como preditor do sucesso da extubação de pacientes neurológicos candidatos a desmame da ventilação mecânica.Métodos:Estudo transversal com 135 pacientes ventilados mecanicamente por mais de 24 h na UTI do Hospital Cristo Redentor, em Porto Alegre (RS). Foram medidos o PFTR, o índice de respiração rápida e superficial, a PImáx e a PEmáx, bem como parâmetros ventilatórios, hemodinâmicos e clínicos.Resultados:A média de idade dos pacientes foi de 47,8 ± 17 anos. A taxa de insucesso na extubação foi de 33,3%. O PFTR < 80 l/min apresentou risco relativo de 3,6 (IC95%: 2,0-6,7), e a pontuação final na Escala de Coma de Glasgow apresentou risco relativo de 0,64 (IC95%: 0,51-0,83). A partir de 8 pontos, cada aumento de 1 ponto diminuiu em 36% o risco de insucesso na extubação.Conclusões:O PFTR e a pontuação na Escala de Coma de Glasgow são preditores independentes de falha na extubação em pacientes neurológicos internados na UTI.