RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: the obesity is defined as the excessive accumulation of fat in different areas of the body, a condition that causes damage to health and is a critical risk factor for various comorbidities. Bariatric surgery is the therapeutic option with the best results. METHODS: this is a retrospective descriptive study using data obtained from medical records from January 2018 to December 2020 on patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Statistical analysis used a significance level of p<0.05. RESULTS: 178 medical records were included, 77.5% of which were women. The average age was 35.7 years (± 9.5), 63.8% of the patients were from Imperatriz, 98.3% reported a sedentary lifestyle, 38.7% regular alcohol consumption and 13% smoking. The prevalence of Class III obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m²) was 53.3%. The most common comorbidities were hepatic steatosis (64.6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) (40.5%) and hypertension (38.7%). The main type of surgery performed was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (89.3%). There was an association between median BMI and gender (p=0.008), with women showing higher values [43.4 (IQR 39.1 - 48.8)]. The mean BMI of patients who underwent RYGB was significantly higher compared to those who underwent vertical gastrectomy (VG) (p=0.009). There was a statistical association between DM2 (p=0.033) and depression (p=0.018) and the type of surgery performed. CONCLUSION: the clinical and epidemiological profile found showed a higher prevalence of females and individuals with Class III obesity. RYGB was the most commonly performed procedure, establishing an association with BMI and some of the patients' comorbidities.
Assuntos
Cirurgia Bariátrica , Humanos , Feminino , Masculino , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade Mórbida/cirurgia , Obesidade Mórbida/epidemiologia , Obesidade Mórbida/complicações , Índice de Massa Corporal , Prevalência , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Comorbidade , Fatores de Risco , Adulto JovemRESUMO
ABSTRACT Introduction: the obesity is defined as the excessive accumulation of fat in different areas of the body, a condition that causes damage to health and is a critical risk factor for various comorbidities. Bariatric surgery is the therapeutic option with the best results. Methods: this is a retrospective descriptive study using data obtained from medical records from January 2018 to December 2020 on patients undergoing bariatric surgery. Statistical analysis used a significance level of p<0.05. Results: 178 medical records were included, 77.5% of which were women. The average age was 35.7 years (± 9.5), 63.8% of the patients were from Imperatriz, 98.3% reported a sedentary lifestyle, 38.7% regular alcohol consumption and 13% smoking. The prevalence of Class III obesity (BMI≥40 kg/m²) was 53.3%. The most common comorbidities were hepatic steatosis (64.6%), type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) (40.5%) and hypertension (38.7%). The main type of surgery performed was Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) (89.3%). There was an association between median BMI and gender (p=0.008), with women showing higher values [43.4 (IQR 39.1 - 48.8)]. The mean BMI of patients who underwent RYGB was significantly higher compared to those who underwent vertical gastrectomy (VG) (p=0.009). There was a statistical association between DM2 (p=0.033) and depression (p=0.018) and the type of surgery performed. Conclusion: the clinical and epidemiological profile found showed a higher prevalence of females and individuals with Class III obesity. RYGB was the most commonly performed procedure, establishing an association with BMI and some of the patients' comorbidities.
RESUMO Introdução: a obesidade é definida pelo acúmulo excessivo de gordura em diferentes regiões corporais, condição que acarreta prejuízos à saúde e constitui fator de risco para diversas comorbidades. A cirurgia bariátrica é a opção terapêutica com melhores resultados para o seu tratamento. Métodos: estudo retrospectivo descritivo realizado com dados obtidos de prontuários médicos do período de janeiro/2018 a dezembro/2020, relacionados a pacientes submetidos à cirurgia bariátrica. As análises estatísticas realizadas adotaram nível de significância p<0,05. Resultados: foram incluídos 178 prontuários, sendo 77,5% de mulheres. A média de idade foi de 35,7 anos (± 9,5), 63,8% dos pacientes eram procedentes de Imperatriz, 98,3% relataram sedentarismo, 38,7% consumo regular de álcool e 13% tabagismo. A prevalência de obesidade grau III (IMC≥40 kg/m²) foi de 53,3%. As comorbidades mais relacionadas foram esteatose hepática (64,6%), diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2) (40,5%) e hipertensão arterial (38,7%). O principal tipo de cirurgia realizada foi o by-pass gástrico em Y de Roux (BGYR) (89,3%). Observou-se associação entre a mediana de IMC e o sexo (p=0,008), com as mulheres apresentando maiores valores [43,4 (IIQ 39,1 - 48,8)]. A média de IMC dos pacientes submetidos ao BGYR foi significativamente maior comparado aos que realizaram gastrectomia vertical (GV) (p=0,009). Houve associação estatística entre o DM2 (p=0,033) e a depressão (p=0,018) com o tipo de cirurgia realizada. Conclusão: o perfil clínico-epidemiológico encontrado evidenciou maior prevalência do sexo feminino e de indivíduos com obesidade grau III. O BGYR foi o procedimento mais realizado, estabelecendo associação com IMC e algumas comorbidades apresentadas pelos pacientes.