RESUMO
We present the chemical composition, quality parameters and antioxidant capacity of pumpkin seed oils (PSO) from Cucurbita pepo, Cucurbita maxima, and Cucurbita moschata cultivated in Brazil. In addition, PSO nanoemulsions (nanopepo, nanomax and nanomosc) were developed and their physical stabilities were assessed under long-term storage at two temperatures. Among the PSO, C. pepo presented the highest contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids, total carotenoids, and chlorophylls, but the lowest oxidative stability. Conversely, C. maxima PSO showed highest oxidative stability and total tocopherol content but the lowest chlorophyll content. Nanomax and nanopepo were more stable to droplet growth at 4 °C, while nanomosc was more stable at 25 °C. Nanopepo was the most stable formulation after the heating-cooling cycles, whereas nanomax was the most stable under centrifugation regardless the temperature. Overall, all nanoemulsions presented droplet diameter lower than 200 nm and ζ-potential approaching -30 mV until the end of storage.
Assuntos
Cucurbita/química , Emulsões/química , Óleos de Plantas/química , Antioxidantes/química , Brasil , Carotenoides/análise , Ácidos Graxos Insaturados/análise , Armazenamento de Alimentos , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Nanoestruturas/química , Oxirredução , Sementes/química , Temperatura , Tocoferóis/análiseRESUMO
Objetivo: analisar a percepção do enfermeiro sobre a relação entre saúde e meio ambiente adquirida durante sua formação acadêmica. Método: realizou-se um estudo com abordagem quantiqualitativa, com 28 enfermeiros atuantes na Atenção Básica do Município de Rondonópolis-Mato Grosso. Os dados foram coletados por meio de formulários impressos analisados por meio da análise de conteúdo e estatística descritiva simples. Resultados: verificou-se que, embora a maioria dos participantes (64,29%) tenha referido satisfação com o conhecimento adquirido sobre saúde e meio ambiente durante a graduação, poucos possuiam familiaridade com o tema, visto que somente 7,15% souberam relacionar a saúde ao ambiente ecossistêmico. Os resultados apontaram para uma visão superficial do enfermeiro sobre o assunto, a qual está atrelada a visão simplista e reducionista gerada durante a formação profissional. Conclusão: foi revelada uma fragilidade das universidades em conduzir de forma efetiva esse entendimento, logo cabe ao enfermeiro arriscar-se no aprofundamento do conhecimento sobre saúde ambiental, para realizar medidas que venham a favorecer a sustentabilidade e a saúde do homem atreladas às questões ambientais, numa visão mais ampla e mais crítica.(AU)
Objective: to analyze the nurses' perception about the relationship between health and environment acquired during their academic training. Method: a quantitativequalitative approach was carried out, with 28 nurses working in Primary Care in the Municipality of Rondonópolis-Mato Grosso. Data were collected through printed forms analyzed through descriptive statistics. This project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee. Results: although the majority of the participants (64.29%) reported satisfaction with their knowledge about health and the environment during graduation, only a few were familiar with the subject, since only 7.15% knew how to relate health to the ecosystem environment. The results pointed to a superficial view of the nurses on the subject, which is linked to a simplistic and reductionist view generated during the professional training. Conclusion: a fragility of the universities was revealed in effectively conducting this understanding, it is then up to the nurses to risk deepening their knowledge about environmental health to carry out measures that will favor the sustainability and the health of the man tied to environmental issues, in a broader and more critical view.(AU)
Objetivo: analizar la percepción del enfermero sobre la relación entre salud y medio ambiente adquirida durante su formación académica. Método: se realizó un estudio con abordaje cuantitativo y cualitativo, con 28 enfermeros actuantes en la Atención Básica del Municipio de Rondonópolis-Mato Grosso. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de formularios impresos analizados por medio de la estadística descriptiva. Este proyecto fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética en Investigación. Resultados: se verificó que, aunque la mayoría de los participantes (64,29%) había referido satisfacción con el conocimiento adquirido sobre salud y medio ambiente durante la graduación, pocos poseían familiaridad con el tema, ya que sólo el 7,15% supieron relacionar la situación salud al ambiente ecosistémico. Los resultados apuntar a una visión superficial del enfermero sobre el tema, la cual está vinculada a una visión simplista y reduccionista generada en su formación profesional. Conclusión: se ha revelado una fragilidad de las universidades en conducir de forma efectiva ese entendimiento, luego cabe al enfermero arriesgarse en la profundización del conocimiento sobre salud ambiental, para realizar medidas que favorezcan la sostenibilidad y la salud del hombre vinculada a las cuestiones ambientales, una visión más amplia y más crítica.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Capacitação Profissional , Enfermeiras e Enfermeiros/psicologia , Percepção , Saúde Ambiental/educação , Epidemiologia DescritivaRESUMO
The present study evaluated the microbiological water quality and tissue lesions in gills from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and hybrid tambacu (Colossoma macropomum female x Piaractus mesopotamicus male). For this, water and gills were collected from fish farming at six locations in Itapecuru-Mirim County, Maranhão State. Microbiological water analyses revealed contamination by total coliforms, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic bacteria. In the gills, we observed a diversity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The tissue lesions were: lamellar fusion, interlamellar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasia. Inflammatory lesions were not observed. Significant statistical difference (p > 0.05) was not detected when comparing different gills lesions during rainy and dry season. The correlation between lesion and pond type was statistically different (p 0.05) for lamellar fusion and interlamellar hyperplasia which occurred more frequently at ground ponds. Regarding the frequency of lesions in the different fish species, there was statistical difference (p 0.05), and the tambacu was more sensitive to lamellar fusion while tilapia was more sensitive for the other lesions. In relation to the sampling stations, there was statistical difference for all the gill lesions. In conclusion, tissue lesions are nonspecific and function as a defense mech
RESUMO
The present study evaluated the microbiological water quality and tissue lesions in gills from Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and hybrid tambacu (Colossoma macropomum female x Piaractus mesopotamicus male). For this, water and gills were collected from fish farming at six locations in Itapecuru-Mirim County, Maranhão State. Microbiological water analyses revealed contamination by total coliforms, Escherichia coli and heterotrophic bacteria. In the gills, we observed a diversity of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The tissue lesions were: lamellar fusion, interlamellar hyperplasia, sub-epithelial edema and telangiectasia. Inflammatory lesions were not observed. Significant statistical difference (p > 0.05) was not detected when comparing different gills lesions during rainy and dry season. The correlation between lesion and pond type was statistically different (p 0.05) for lamellar fusion and interlamellar hyperplasia which occurred more frequently at ground ponds. Regarding the frequency of lesions in the different fish species, there was statistical difference (p 0.05), and the tambacu was more sensitive to lamellar fusion while tilapia was more sensitive for the other lesions. In relation to the sampling stations, there was statistical difference for all the gill lesions. In conclusion, tissue lesions are nonspecific and function as a defense mech