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Rev. odontol. mex ; 17(4): 221-227, oct.-dic. 2013. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: lil-714536

RESUMO

Objetivo: Estimar la prevalencia de caries, gingivitis y maloclusiones en escolares de Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas y determinar su relación con el estado nutricional. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio transversal comparativo en 402 escolares entre 7 y 12 años de edad los cuales contaban con la medición de su composición corporal, seleccionados aleatoriamente del listado del estudio ''Obesidad en la población menor de 30 años de Tamaulipas: efectos sobre la salud, tratamiento y prevención'' que se lleva a cabo en este hospital. Previo consentimiento por escrito, a todos ellos se les realizó un examen bucal, determinando la presencia de caries dental, gingivitis y maloclusiones según la OMS. Para el análisis estadístico, la base de datos electrónica se transfirió al programa STATA versión 9.0. Resultados: El 50 % de los escolares nunca había acudido a una consulta dental, 36.2% tenían sobrepeso y obesidad, la prevalencia de caries fue de 87%, de gingivitis de 63% y de maloclusiones de 33%, el índice ceo-d de 2.97 y el CPO-D de 3.08. El análisis multivariado mostró relación entre el índice ceo-d con la edad (p = 0.00), con el sobrepeso y obesidad y con las maloclusiones (p = 0.016), así como relación entre la edad con la gingivitis (p = 0.01) y las maloclusiones (p = 0.042). Conclusiones: La prevalencia de caries y maloclusiones es similar a la de otros estudios en el país; en cambio, la gingivitis se presenta con mayor frecuencia en nuestra casuística, la relación más significativa es entre el índice ceo-d y el sobrepeso y obesidad.


Aim: Assessment of caries, gingivitis and malocclusion prevalence in school-age children in the city of Ciudad Victoria, Tamaulipas, Mexico and determination of its relationship with their nutritional status. Methodology: A comparative, cross-sectional study was conducted on 402 school-age children (ages 7-12 years). These children could exhibit measurement of body composition. Children were randomly selected from the study list of ''Obesity in Tamaulipas' under 30 population, effects on health, treatment and prevention'' conducted in this hospital. All subjects provided written consent, thereafter, oral examination was performed in order to determine, according to WHO parameters, presence of dental caries, gingivitis and malocclusions. Version 9.0 of STRATA program was used to conduct statistical analysis. Results: 50% of school age children had never attended a dental office. 32.2% were overweight or obese. Caries prevalence was 87%, gingivitis was present in 63% of all cases, and malocclusions were present in 33% of patients. Ceo-d index was 2.97 and CPO-D was 3.08. Multivariate analysis revealed relationship between the ceo-d index with age (p = 0.00), with overweigh and obesity and with malocclusions (p = 0.016) as well as relationship between age and gingivitis (p = 0.01) and age and malocclusion (p = 0.042). Conclusions: Malocclusion and caries prevalence resulted similar to that observed in other studies performed in Mexico. Nevertheless, gingivitis was more frequent. In our casuistry; the most significant relationship was that found between ceo-d index with overweight and obesity.

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