RESUMO
Weed coexistence with an agricultural crop can negatively affect its growth, development, and yield. From this perspective, this study aimed to evaluate weed management strategies and their effect on the agronomic parameters of cowpea cultivation in direct (SPD) and conventional (SPC) planting systems. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement with four replications. The plots received a source of variation referring to the planting systems (direct and conventional planting), and the subplots corresponded to ten weed management strategies (manual hoeing 18 days after planting (DAP); at 36 DAP; at 54 DAP; at 18 and 36 DAP; at 18 and 54 DAP; at 18 and 72 DAP; at 36 and 54 DAP; at 36-72 DAP; at 18, 36, and 54 DAP; and a control with no hoeing). Density and dry mass evaluations of the cowpea plants were performed at harvest (72 DAP) by determining the number of pods per plant, pod length, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain mass, and yield. A total of 28 species distributed in 12 botanical families were identified in the two cultivation systems. The family Poaceae showed the highest frequency, with 25% of the species identified. At the end of the assay, treatment 20 had the highest positive influence and provided significant quantitative gains to the complex of traits related to cowpea production (SPD and hoeing at 18, 36, and 54 DAP). UPGMA cluster analysis and canonical discriminant analysis were performed and allowed a better classification of the evaluated treatments. It was observed that the first two canonical variables explained 90.8% of the total variance contained in the original variables. The use of SPD with weeding at 18, 36, and 54 days after planting provides greater weed control and significant quantitative gains for the complex of characteristics related to cowpea production. The results underscore the importance of choosing the correct cropping system and implementing effective weeding practices to optimize weed control and improve crop performance.
RESUMO
Background: Aneurysm is a dilation and a weakening of the vessel, usually 2 times higher than the normal diameter of the vessel. Considering the complexity of the definitive diagnosis of iliac artery aneurysm, it is necessary to use technology by imaging, aiming an early diagnosis. Thus, application of Doppler ultrasound allows the study of the horses vascular system allowing various types of diagnoses among these members and vascularization for diagnosing thrombi in the abdominal aorta and mesenteric arteries in side verminotic aneurysm. The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of two cases of aneurysm involving the aortic-iliac diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound. Cases: The study describes two cases of the aneurism in horses diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound at the Veterinary Hospital of UPIS. The animals showed clinical signs of edema in the pelvic limb, with varied degree of lameness 3 to 4, pain and wound did not heal and septic arthritis. The final diagnosis was obtained by Doppler ultrasound. In case one, Doppler ultrasound analysis indicated high arterial distension and blood flow disorganized, suggesting aneurysm. The patient did not respond adequately to therapy and due to the severity of these changes, the euthanasia was performed for definitive diagnostic. On the other hand, in case two, in the imaging examination, it was diagnosed with a dilated aortic [...](AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cavalos , Aneurisma Ilíaco/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Ilíaco , Aneurisma Ilíaco/veterinária , Ultrassonografia Doppler/veterinária , Artéria IlíacaRESUMO
Background: Aneurysm is a dilation and a weakening of the vessel, usually 2 times higher than the normal diameter of the vessel. Considering the complexity of the definitive diagnosis of iliac artery aneurysm, it is necessary to use technology by imaging, aiming an early diagnosis. Thus, application of Doppler ultrasound allows the study of the horses vascular system allowing various types of diagnoses among these members and vascularization for diagnosing thrombi in the abdominal aorta and mesenteric arteries in side verminotic aneurysm. The aim of this study was to describe the occurrence of two cases of aneurysm involving the aortic-iliac diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound. Cases: The study describes two cases of the aneurism in horses diagnosed by Doppler ultrasound at the Veterinary Hospital of UPIS. The animals showed clinical signs of edema in the pelvic limb, with varied degree of lameness 3 to 4, pain and wound did not heal and septic arthritis. The final diagnosis was obtained by Doppler ultrasound. In case one, Doppler ultrasound analysis indicated high arterial distension and blood flow disorganized, suggesting aneurysm. The patient did not respond adequately to therapy and due to the severity of these changes, the euthanasia was performed for definitive diagnostic. On the other hand, in case two, in the imaging examination, it was diagnosed with a dilated aortic [...]
Assuntos
Animais , Aneurisma Ilíaco , Aneurisma Ilíaco/diagnóstico , Aneurisma Ilíaco/veterinária , Cavalos , Artéria Ilíaca , Ultrassonografia Doppler/veterináriaRESUMO
Current analysis evaluated adaptive parameters and thermal comfort of postpartum ewes fed on concentrate supplementation in grazing system. Thirty lactating pluriparous sheep, 16 Santa Inês (SI) and 14 Morada Nova (MN) were used. Physiological parameters such as respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured, in that order, with the animals at rest in the morning (6:00-7:00 am) and in the afternoon (1:00-2:00 pm), respectively, every seven days, with 10 samples. A significant effect (p 0.05) for RR and HR was reported in the strain. Similar behavior was reported for RR between the breeds where MN sheep had high adaptability. Supplementation levels of 0.5 and 1.5% influenced (p 0.05) RR which was stronger in the sheep that received the highest supplementation level, possibly due to calorie increase in the diet. However, HR and RT parameters did not differ within the breed due to supplementation. HR was higher between the breeds for SI sheep at 0.5%. Results show that concentrated supplementation affected the respiratory rate of ewes in the postpartum period, with higher calorie increment at 1.5% level and superiority for Santa Inês ewes. Greater adaptability of Morada Nova sheep has been indicated when fed on concentrated diet in grazing system.(AU)
Objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros adaptativos e o conforto térmico de ovelhas deslanadas no pósparto submetidas à suplementação concentrada em sistema de pastejo. Foram utilizadas 30 ovelhas pluríparas em lactação, sendo 16 da raça Santa Inês e 14 da raça Morada Nova. Os parâmetros fisiológicos, frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR) e temperatura retal (TR) foram aferidos nessa ordem com os animais em repouso nos períodos da manhã e da tarde, de 6:00-7:00 e 13:00-14:00, respectivamente, a cada sete dias, totalizando dez coletas. Houve efeito de turno (p < 0,05) para FR e FC dentro de raça. Comportamento semelhante foi observado para FR entre raças, em que as ovelhas Morada Nova apresentaram maior adaptabilidade. Os níveis de suplementação de 0,5 e 1,5% exerceram influência (p < 0,05) sobre a FR com superioridade para as ovelhas que receberam maior nível de suplementação, possivelmente pelo incremento calórico na dieta. No entanto, os parâmetros FC e TR não diferiram dentro de raça em função da suplementação, sendo que entre raças a FC foi superior para ovelhas SI a 0,5%. Conclui-se que a suplementação concentrada exerceu influência sobre frequência respiratória das ovelhas deslanadas no pós-parto, com maior incremento calórico para o nível de 1,5% e superioridade para as ovelhas Santa Inês, indicando maior adaptabilidade das ovelhas Morada Nova quando submetidas à dieta concentrada em sistema de pastejo.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Ovinos/anormalidades , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovinos/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Adaptação Psicológica , Transtornos de Estresse por Calor , Pastagens , Regulação da Temperatura CorporalRESUMO
Current analysis evaluated adaptive parameters and thermal comfort of postpartum ewes fed on concentrate supplementation in grazing system. Thirty lactating pluriparous sheep, 16 Santa Inês (SI) and 14 Morada Nova (MN) were used. Physiological parameters such as respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured, in that order, with the animals at rest in the morning (6:00-7:00 am) and in the afternoon (1:00-2:00 pm), respectively, every seven days, with 10 samples. A significant effect (p 0.05) for RR and HR was reported in the strain. Similar behavior was reported for RR between the breeds where MN sheep had high adaptability. Supplementation levels of 0.5 and 1.5% influenced (p 0.05) RR which was stronger in the sheep that received the highest supplementation level, possibly due to calorie increase in the diet. However, HR and RT parameters did not differ within the breed due to supplementation. HR was higher between the breeds for SI sheep at 0.5%. Results show that concentrated supplementation affected the respiratory rate of ewes in the postpartum period, with higher calorie increment at 1.5% level and superiority for Santa Inês ewes. Greater adaptability of Morada Nova sheep has been indicated when fed on concentrated diet in grazing system.
Objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros adaptativos e o conforto térmico de ovelhas deslanadas no pósparto submetidas à suplementação concentrada em sistema de pastejo. Foram utilizadas 30 ovelhas pluríparas em lactação, sendo 16 da raça Santa Inês e 14 da raça Morada Nova. Os parâmetros fisiológicos, frequência cardíaca (FC), frequência respiratória (FR) e temperatura retal (TR) foram aferidos nessa ordem com os animais em repouso nos períodos da manhã e da tarde, de 6:00-7:00 e 13:00-14:00, respectivamente, a cada sete dias, totalizando dez coletas. Houve efeito de turno (p < 0,05) para FR e FC dentro de raça. Comportamento semelhante foi observado para FR entre raças, em que as ovelhas Morada Nova apresentaram maior adaptabilidade. Os níveis de suplementação de 0,5 e 1,5% exerceram influência (p < 0,05) sobre a FR com superioridade para as ovelhas que receberam maior nível de suplementação, possivelmente pelo incremento calórico na dieta. No entanto, os parâmetros FC e TR não diferiram dentro de raça em função da suplementação, sendo que entre raças a FC foi superior para ovelhas SI a 0,5%. Conclui-se que a suplementação concentrada exerceu influência sobre frequência respiratória das ovelhas deslanadas no pós-parto, com maior incremento calórico para o nível de 1,5% e superioridade para as ovelhas Santa Inês, indicando maior adaptabilidade das ovelhas Morada Nova quando submetidas à dieta concentrada em sistema de pastejo.
Assuntos
Animais , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Lactente , Ovinos/anormalidades , Ovinos/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Ovinos/metabolismo , Adaptação Psicológica , Pastagens , Regulação da Temperatura Corporal , Transtornos de Estresse por CalorRESUMO
Leishmaniasis Visceral is an important zoonotic disease that is caused by Leishmania chagasi in the Americas, being transmitted to humans and animals through the bite of bloodsucking females of the genus Lutzomyia. Domestic dogs are the main reservoir for infection with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. The objective of this research was to study the epidemiological aspects of human visceral leishmaniasis in addition to the clinical and epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Carried out a survey of confirmed human cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bom Jesus, between the years 2004 and 2010, and each case a questionnaire was socio-economic and sanitary-hygiene, and draw a radius of 200 meters distance from the residence of each human case for blood sampling of all dogs from this definition. This period were reported nine cases of human visceral leishmaniasis, where all living under poor hygiene conditions and economic. 53 dogs were analyzed serologically, of which 7.55% were seropositivity for RIFI to LVC. It can be concluded that the occurrence of LVH is closely linked to poor living conditions, with animals in these areas asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic.(AU)
A Leishmaniose Visceral é uma importante zoonose que é causada pela Leishmania chagasi nas Américas, sendo transmitida ao homem e aos animais através da picada das fêmeas hematófagas do gênero Lutzomyia. Os cães domésticos representam o principal reservatório para a infecção por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral humana além dos aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral canina. Realizou-se um levantamento dos casos humanos confirmados de Leishmaniose Visceral no município de Bom Jesus, entre os anos de 2004 e 2010, e a cada caso foi aplicado um questionário sócio-econômico e higiênico-sanitário, além de traçar um raio de 200 metros de distância da residência de cada caso humano para coleta de sangue de todos os cães provenientes desta delimitação. Neste período foram notificados nove casos de leishmaniose visceral humana (LVH), onde todos viviam sob condições precárias de higiene e econômica. Analisou-se 53 cães sorologicamente, dos quais 7,55% apresentaram soropositividade no teste de imunofluorescência indireta para a leishmaniose visceral canina. Pode-se concluir que a ocorrência da LVH está intimamente ligada a condições precárias de vida, havendo nessas áreas animais assintomáticos, sintomáticos e oligossintomáticos.(AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Cães , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Zoonoses/epidemiologia , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Enquete SocioeconômicaRESUMO
Leishmaniasis Visceral is an important zoonotic disease that is caused by Leishmania chagasi in the Americas, being transmitted to humans and animals through the bite of bloodsucking females of the genus Lutzomyia. Domestic dogs are the main reservoir for infection with Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. The objective of this research was to study the epidemiological aspects of human visceral leishmaniasis in addition to the clinical and epidemiological aspects of canine visceral leishmaniasis. Carried out a survey of confirmed human cases of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Bom Jesus, between the years 2004 and 2010, and each case a questionnaire was socio-economic and sanitary-hygiene, and draw a radius of 200 meters distance from the residence of each human case for blood sampling of all dogs from this definition. This period were reported nine cases of human visceral leishmaniasis, where all living under poor hygiene conditions and economic. 53 dogs were analyzed serologically, of which 7.55% were seropositivity for RIFI to LVC. It can be concluded that the occurrence of LVH is closely linked to poor living conditions, with animals in these areas asymptomatic and mildly symptomatic.
A Leishmaniose Visceral é uma importante zoonose que é causada pela Leishmania chagasi nas Américas, sendo transmitida ao homem e aos animais através da picada das fêmeas hematófagas do gênero Lutzomyia. Os cães domésticos representam o principal reservatório para a infecção por Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi. O objetivo desta pesquisa foi estudar os aspectos epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral humana além dos aspectos clínicos e epidemiológicos da leishmaniose visceral canina. Realizou-se um levantamento dos casos humanos confirmados de Leishmaniose Visceral no município de Bom Jesus, entre os anos de 2004 e 2010, e a cada caso foi aplicado um questionário sócio-econômico e higiênico-sanitário, além de traçar um raio de 200 metros de distância da residência de cada caso humano para coleta de sangue de todos os cães provenientes desta delimitação. Neste período foram notificados nove casos de leishmaniose visceral humana (LVH), onde todos viviam sob condições precárias de higiene e econômica. Analisou-se 53 cães sorologicamente, dos quais 7,55% apresentaram soropositividade no teste de imunofluorescência indireta para a leishmaniose visceral canina. Pode-se concluir que a ocorrência da LVH está intimamente ligada a condições precárias de vida, havendo nessas áreas animais assintomáticos, sintomáticos e oligossintomáticos.
Assuntos
Humanos , Animais , Cães , Leishmaniose Visceral/epidemiologia , Leishmaniose Visceral/veterinária , Enquete Socioeconômica , Técnica Indireta de Fluorescência para Anticorpo/veterinária , Zoonoses/epidemiologiaRESUMO
O conhecimento das vari�veis clim�ticas bem como sua a��o sobre as respostas comportamentais e fisiol�gicas dos animais s�o preponderantes na adequa��o do sistema de produ��o aos objetivos da atividade pecu�ria. Sendo assim, objetivou-se com este trabalho, avaliar o efeito da �poca do ano e per�odo do dia sobre par�metros fisiol�gicos de ovelhas Morada Nova na microrregi�o do Alto M�dio Gurgu�ia. Foram utilizadas oito matrizes da ra�a Morada Nova, distribu�das em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado no esquema fatorial 4x2, com quatro per�odos do dia, 7-8, 10-11, 14-15 e 17-18 h, e duas �pocas: E1 (quente e seca) outubro a novembro, e E2 (amena e �mida) mar�o a abril. Os par�metros fisiol�gicos frequ�ncia respirat�ria (FR), frequ�ncia card�aca (FC) e temperatura retal (TR), foram aferidos semanalmente, realizando-se quatro coletas por �poca, perfazendo um total de 8 coletas. Os par�metros fisiol�gicos frequ�ncia respirat�ria, frequ�ncia card�aca e temperatura retal foram influenciados (P<0,05) pela �poca do ano e pelo per�odo do dia, com valores superiores para todas as vari�veis na �poca quente e seca no turno da tarde, principalmente �s 17-18 h, provavelmente devido � maior incid�ncia de radia��o solar e, consequentemente, acumulo de calor ao longo da tarde.
Knowledge on climate and its action on the behavioral and physiological responses of animals are prevalent for the production system of the cattle industry. Therefore, The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of season and time of day on physiological parameters of Morada Nova sheep in Alto Medio Gurgu�ia region. Eight arrays of Morada Nova were studied, in a completely randomized 4x2 factorial block, in four periods of the day, at 7-8 a.m., 10-11 a.m., 2-3 p.m and 5-6 p.m, and two seasons: E1 (hot and dry) October-November, and E2 (warm and wet) March-April. The physiological parameters respiratory rate (RR), heart rate (HR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured weekly, performing four collections per season, totaling 8 samples. The ohysiological parameters respiratory rate, heart rate and rectal temperature were influenced (P<0.05) by season and by time of day, with higher values for all variables in the hot and dry season in the afternoon, primarily at 5-6 p.m, probably due to increased incidence of solar radiation and thus heat accumulation throughout the afternoon.