RESUMO

ABSTRACT: There is limited information regarding both nitrogen (N) and energy partitioning of dairy cows grazing wellmanaged tropical pastures. The objective of this study was to investigate the N and energy partitioning of midlactation dairy cows on rotationally grazed elephant grass using two pregrazing targets: 95 % or maximum canopy light interception (LI95% or LIMax) during regrowth. The study used 26 Holstein × Jersey dairy cows arranged in a randomized complete block design with three 40day periods of sampling. Grazing at LI95% increased organic matter and crude protein intake by 20 % (p 0.05) which resulted in a 9 % increase in fat corrected milk yield (p 0.05) relative to LIMax. Cows grazing at LI95% had greater concentration of total volatile fatty acids, butyrate and valerate (p 0.05), and smaller acetate (p 0.05) than those grazing at LIMax. Intake of net energy for lactation (NEL) and NEL secreted in milk were greater (p 0.05), while partitioning of NEL towards maintenance tended to be greater (p = 0.07) for cows grazing at LI95% than those grazing at LIMax. Milk urea nitrogen and both urine and fecal N excretion were greater for cows grazing at LI95% (p 0.05), but N excretion intensity was lower than in cows grazing at LIMax (p 0.05). Strategic grazing management using the LI95% pregrazing target increases N losses through both urine and feces; however, it reduces N excretion intensity of dairy cows by 9 %.

RESUMO

There is limited information regarding both nitrogen (N) and energy partitioning of dairy cows grazing well­managed tropical pastures. The objective of this study was to investigate the N and energy partitioning of mid­lactation dairy cows on rotationally grazed elephant grass using two pre­grazing targets: 95 % or maximum canopy light interception (LI95% or LIMax) during regrowth. The study used 26 Holstein × Jersey dairy cows arranged in a randomized complete block design with three 40­day periods of sampling. Grazing at LI95% increased organic matter and crude protein intake by 20 % (p ≤ 0.05) which resulted in a 9 % increase in fat corrected milk yield (p ≤ 0.05) relative to LIMax. Cows grazing at LI95% had greater concentration of total volatile fatty acids, butyrate and valerate (p ≤ 0.05), and smaller acetate (p ≤ 0.05) than those grazing at LIMax. Intake of net energy for lactation (NEL) and NEL secreted in milk were greater (p ≤ 0.05), while partitioning of NEL towards maintenance tended to be greater (p = 0.07) for cows grazing at LI95% than those grazing at LIMax. Milk urea nitrogen and both urine and fecal N excretion were greater for cows grazing at LI95% (p ≤ 0.05), but N excretion intensity was lower than in cows grazing at LIMax (p ≤ 0.05). Strategic grazing management using the LI95% pre­grazing target increases N losses through both urine and feces; however, it reduces N excretion intensity of dairy cows by 9 %.

Assuntos

RESUMO

There is limited information regarding both nitrogen (N) and energy partitioning of dairy cows grazing well–managed tropical pastures. The objective of this study was to investigate the N and energy partitioning of mid–lactation dairy cows on rotationally grazed elephant grass using two pre–grazing targets: 95 % or maximum canopy light interception (LI95% or LIMax) during regrowth. The study used 26 Holstein × Jersey dairy cows arranged in a randomized complete block design with three 40–day periods of sampling. Grazing at LI95% increased organic matter and crude protein intake by 20 % (p ≤ 0.05) which resulted in a 9 % increase in fat corrected milk yield (p ≤ 0.05) relative to LIMax. Cows grazing at LI95% had greater concentration of total volatile fatty acids, butyrate and valerate (p ≤ 0.05), and smaller acetate (p ≤ 0.05) than those grazing at LIMax. Intake of net energy for lactation (NEL) and NEL secreted in milk were greater (p ≤ 0.05), while partitioning of NEL towards maintenance tended to be greater (p = 0.07) for cows grazing at LI95% than those grazing at LIMax. Milk urea nitrogen and both urine and fecal N excretion were greater for cows grazing at LI95% (p ≤ 0.05), but N excretion intensity was lower than in cows grazing at LIMax (p ≤ 0.05). Strategic grazing management using the LI95% pre–grazing target increases N losses through both urine and feces; however, it reduces N excretion intensity of dairy cows by 9 %.

Assuntos

RESUMO

To evaluate the influence of supplementation strategies on the average daily gain (ADG) of cattle in a rotational grazing system of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum cv. Coloniao) pastures during the rainy season. It was further evaluated the residual effects in the feedlot finishing phase. Seventy-five 8 month-old crossbred bull calves averaging 200.1 ± 2.5 kg of body weight (BW) were stratified and grouped in three into 25 blocks according to BW, and then randomly assigned to one of three supplementation treatments: control (no supplement), energy supplement [65 g crude protein (CP)/kg dry matter (DM)] or protein supplement (200 g CP/kg DM) both fed as 6 g/kg BW. All animals composed a single herd and were separated daily according to treatment groups for supplementation. After the grazing phase, all animals were moved to a feedlot and received the same diet up until slaughter. Guinea grass was subjected to rotational stocking with pre- and post-grazing heights of 76 and 43 cm, respectively. Energy and protein supplements provided similar ADG (P > 0.05; 0.94 kg/day) which was greater than for non-supplemented animals during the grazing phase (P ≤ 0.05; 0.74 kg/day), but there was no difference in the subsequent feedlot phase (P > 0.05; 1.45 kg/day). The protein supplement had no incremental effects over the energy supplement on ADG and carcass traits of growing crossbreed bulls during the grazing phase, indicating that either source could be used, and that an energy supplement would lead to more efficient nutrient use coming from the grass.(AU)

Objetivou-se avaliar estratégias de suplementação sobre o ganho médio diário (GMD) de bovinos pastejando capim-colonião (Panicum maximum) sob lotação rotacionada na estação chuvosa. Também foi avaliado o efeito residual na fase de terminação em confinamento. Setenta e cinco bezerros mestiços não-castrados de oito meses com peso corporal (PC) médio de 200,1 ± 2,5 kg foram estratificados e agrupados de acordo com PC, distribuídos em 25 blocos, e aleatorizados entre três tratamentos: controle (sem suplementação), suplemento energético [65 g de proteína bruta (PB)/kg matéria seca (MS)] ou suplemento proteico (200 g PB/kg MS) ambos fornecidos a 6 g/kg PC. Os animais compuseram um único rebanho sendo separados diariamente de acordo com o tratamento para suplementação. Após a fase de pastejo, esses foram movidos para um confinamento onde receberam a mesma dieta até o abate. O capim-colonião foi pastejado sob lotação rotacionada com altura média pré- e pós-pastejo de 76 e 43 cm, respectivamente. Os suplementos proporcionaram GMD semelhante (P > 0,05; 0,94 kg/dia) e superior ao dos animais não suplementados na fase de pastejo (P < 0,05; 0,74 kg/dia) e sem diferença na fase de confinamento (P > 0,05; 1,45 kg/dia). O suplemento proteico não proporciona ganho adicional sobre o energético, sem diferenças sobre o GMD e as características de carcaça de tourinhos mestiços durante a fase de pastejo, indicando que ambas as fontes de suplementação podem ser utilizadas baseado no custo e na disponibilidade, e indicando que o suplemento energético poderia proporcionar uso mais eficiente dos nutrientes contidos na forragem.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

To evaluate the influence of supplementation strategies on the average daily gain (ADG) of cattle in a rotational grazing system of Guinea grass (Panicum maximum cv. Coloniao) pastures during the rainy season. It was further evaluated the residual effects in the feedlot finishing phase. Seventy-five 8 month-old crossbred bull calves averaging 200.1 ± 2.5 kg of body weight (BW) were stratified and grouped in three into 25 blocks according to BW, and then randomly assigned to one of three supplementation treatments: control (no supplement), energy supplement [65 g crude protein (CP)/kg dry matter (DM)] or protein supplement (200 g CP/kg DM) both fed as 6 g/kg BW. All animals composed a single herd and were separated daily according to treatment groups for supplementation. After the grazing phase, all animals were moved to a feedlot and received the same diet up until slaughter. Guinea grass was subjected to rotational stocking with pre- and post-grazing heights of 76 and 43 cm, respectively. Energy and protein supplements provided similar ADG (P > 0.05; 0.94 kg/day) which was greater than for non-supplemented animals during the grazing phase (P ≤ 0.05; 0.74 kg/day), but there was no difference in the subsequent feedlot phase (P > 0.05; 1.45 kg/day). The protein supplement had no incremental effects over the energy supplement on ADG and carcass traits of growing crossbreed bulls during the grazing phase, indicating that either source could be used, and that an energy supplement would lead to more efficient nutrient use coming from the grass.

Objetivou-se avaliar estratégias de suplementação sobre o ganho médio diário (GMD) de bovinos pastejando capim-colonião (Panicum maximum) sob lotação rotacionada na estação chuvosa. Também foi avaliado o efeito residual na fase de terminação em confinamento. Setenta e cinco bezerros mestiços não-castrados de oito meses com peso corporal (PC) médio de 200,1 ± 2,5 kg foram estratificados e agrupados de acordo com PC, distribuídos em 25 blocos, e aleatorizados entre três tratamentos: controle (sem suplementação), suplemento energético [65 g de proteína bruta (PB)/kg matéria seca (MS)] ou suplemento proteico (200 g PB/kg MS) ambos fornecidos a 6 g/kg PC. Os animais compuseram um único rebanho sendo separados diariamente de acordo com o tratamento para suplementação. Após a fase de pastejo, esses foram movidos para um confinamento onde receberam a mesma dieta até o abate. O capim-colonião foi pastejado sob lotação rotacionada com altura média pré- e pós-pastejo de 76 e 43 cm, respectivamente. Os suplementos proporcionaram GMD semelhante (P > 0,05; 0,94 kg/dia) e superior ao dos animais não suplementados na fase de pastejo (P 0,05; 1,45 kg/dia). O suplemento proteico não proporciona ganho adicional sobre o energético, sem diferenças sobre o GMD e as características de carcaça de tourinhos mestiços durante a fase de pastejo, indicando que ambas as fontes de suplementação podem ser utilizadas baseado no custo e na disponibilidade, e indicando que o suplemento energético poderia proporcionar uso mais eficiente dos nutrientes contidos na forragem.

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objectives were to evaluate the performance of bull calves under two grazing strategies and the use of energy supplementation in a rotational system of marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) and to assess the morphological and chemical composition of the grass. Eighty eight-month-old bulls of 224 ± 2.4 kg body weight (BW) were used in a completely randomized block design in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of two post-grazing heights (i.e.10 cm or 15 cm) and of a citrus pulp-based supplement (i.e. 72% total digestible nutrients) fed daily at 0 or 6 g/kg BW. Initial grazing height was set at 25 cm with variable grazing intervals and stocking rate adjustments used to control the grazing heights. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS Mixed procedure. Significance was set at 0.05. Forage data from 12 pre-determined paddocks showed no differences in forage mass (FM) and morphological composition at pre-grazing, but greater post-grazing FM and shorter grazing interval in pastures managed at 15 cm. Higher grazing pressure resulted in lowest BW gains for non-supplemented bulls in the 10 cm treatment. The use of an energy supplement and 15 cm postgrazing height resulted in the greatest BW gains; however, combination of10 cm post-grazing height and energy supplementation allowed greater stocking rates. Under high grazing pressure, supplementary feed overcame the normal limitations, and high gains were achieved.(AU)

Os objetivos foram avaliar o desempenho de tourinhos em duas estratégias de pastejo e a suplementação energética em um sistema de lotação rotacionadade capim marandu (Urochloa brizantha) e avaliar a composição morfológica e bromatológica da gramínea. Oitenta bezerros não castrados com 8 meses de idade [224 ± 2,4 kg peso vivo (PV)] distribuídos em blocos casualizados com arranjo fatorial 2×2 entre altura de saída (i.e. 10 cm ou 15 cm) e suplemento (i.e. 72% nutrientes digestíveis totais) fornecido diariamente à0 ou 6 g/kg PV. Análises estatísticas foram feitas com o procedimento Mixed do SAS, adotando-se nível de significância à 0,05. A altura de entrada nos pastos foi de 25 cm. O intervalo entre pastejos foi variável com taxa de lotação ajustada de acordo com as premissas de pastejo. A massa de forragem (MF) pré- e pós-pastejo, taxa de crescimento da MF e o acúmulo de MF foram mensuradas em 12 piquetes pré-determinados. A MF no pré-pastejo foi semelhante, porém maior MF e menor intervalo entre pastejos foram observados nos pastos com altura de saída de 15 cm. A composição morfológica entre os dois manejos foi semelhante na entrada, porém a proporção de folhas foi maior no 15cm. A suplementação combinada a altura de saída de 15 cm gerou os maiores ganhos. Porém, a suplementação associada a altura de saída de 10 cm permitiu maior taxa de lotação, não afetando produtividade. Os efeitos deletérios da pressão de pastejo sobre o desempenho animal foram reduzidos quando a suplementação foi utilizada.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objectives were to evaluate the performance of bull calves under two grazing strategies and the use of energy supplementation in a rotational system of marandu palisade grass (Urochloa brizantha) and to assess the morphological and chemical composition of the grass. Eighty eight-month-old bulls of 224 ± 2.4 kg body weight (BW) were used in a completely randomized block design in a 2×2 factorial arrangement of two post-grazing heights (i.e.10 cm or 15 cm) and of a citrus pulp-based supplement (i.e. 72% total digestible nutrients) fed daily at 0 or 6 g/kg BW. Initial grazing height was set at 25 cm with variable grazing intervals and stocking rate adjustments used to control the grazing heights. Statistical analyses were performed using the SAS Mixed procedure. Significance was set at 0.05. Forage data from 12 pre-determined paddocks showed no differences in forage mass (FM) and morphological composition at pre-grazing, but greater post-grazing FM and shorter grazing interval in pastures managed at 15 cm. Higher grazing pressure resulted in lowest BW gains for non-supplemented bulls in the 10 cm treatment. The use of an energy supplement and 15 cm postgrazing height resulted in the greatest BW gains; however, combination of10 cm post-grazing height and energy supplementation allowed greater stocking rates. Under high grazing pressure, supplementary feed overcame the normal limitations, and high gains were achieved.

Os objetivos foram avaliar o desempenho de tourinhos em duas estratégias de pastejo e a suplementação energética em um sistema de lotação rotacionadade capim marandu (Urochloa brizantha) e avaliar a composição morfológica e bromatológica da gramínea. Oitenta bezerros não castrados com 8 meses de idade [224 ± 2,4 kg peso vivo (PV)] distribuídos em blocos casualizados com arranjo fatorial 2×2 entre altura de saída (i.e. 10 cm ou 15 cm) e suplemento (i.e. 72% nutrientes digestíveis totais) fornecido diariamente à0 ou 6 g/kg PV. Análises estatísticas foram feitas com o procedimento Mixed do SAS, adotando-se nível de significância à 0,05. A altura de entrada nos pastos foi de 25 cm. O intervalo entre pastejos foi variável com taxa de lotação ajustada de acordo com as premissas de pastejo. A massa de forragem (MF) pré- e pós-pastejo, taxa de crescimento da MF e o acúmulo de MF foram mensuradas em 12 piquetes pré-determinados. A MF no pré-pastejo foi semelhante, porém maior MF e menor intervalo entre pastejos foram observados nos pastos com altura de saída de 15 cm. A composição morfológica entre os dois manejos foi semelhante na entrada, porém a proporção de folhas foi maior no 15cm. A suplementação combinada a altura de saída de 15 cm gerou os maiores ganhos. Porém, a suplementação associada a altura de saída de 10 cm permitiu maior taxa de lotação, não afetando produtividade. Os efeitos deletérios da pressão de pastejo sobre o desempenho animal foram reduzidos quando a suplementação foi utilizada.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Experiments where the response is a categorical variable are usually carried out in many fields such as agriculture. In addition, in some situations this response has three or more levels without an order between them characterizing a multinomial (nominal) response. Statistical models for scenarios where the observations of a nominal response can be considered independent have an extensive literature, such as the baseline-category logit models. However, situations where this assumption is violated (as in longitudinal studies) require specific models that take into consideration the dependence between observations. In this paper, a fairly new extension of the generalized estimating equations is applied to analyze an experiment carried out to investigate the type of vegetation observed in an elephant grass pasture, according to some management conditions over time. This extension uses local odds ratios to explain the dependence among the categories of the outcome over the repeated measurements. Two different structures were compared to describe this dependence, and the Wald test was used to select the significant variables. Further, we built confidence intervals for the predicted probabilities of occurrence of each category and assessed the results comparing observed/predicted values and using the diagnostic analysis. The results allowed to conclude that there are various significant effects for treatments and for time. The structure of local odds ratio also proved as a good way to describe the dependence between categorical responses over time.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

Experiments where the response is a categorical variable are usually carried out in many fields such as agriculture. In addition, in some situations this response has three or more levels without an order between them characterizing a multinomial (nominal) response. Statistical models for scenarios where the observations of a nominal response can be considered independent have an extensive literature, such as the baseline-category logit models. However, situations where this assumption is violated (as in longitudinal studies) require specific models that take into consideration the dependence between observations. In this paper, a fairly new extension of the generalized estimating equations is applied to analyze an experiment carried out to investigate the type of vegetation observed in an elephant grass pasture, according to some management conditions over time. This extension uses local odds ratios to explain the dependence among the categories of the outcome over the repeated measurements. Two different structures were compared to describe this dependence, and the Wald test was used to select the significant variables. Further, we built confidence intervals for the predicted probabilities of occurrence of each category and assessed the results comparing observed/predicted values and using the diagnostic analysis. The results allowed to conclude that there are various significant effects for treatments and for time. The structure of local odds ratio also proved as a good way to describe the dependence between categorical responses over time.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Nitrogen fertiliser accelerates plant growth and increases herbage utilisation efficiency in continuously stocked temperate grass swards, indicating greater herbage production and harvest efficiency. There is no similar evidence, however, for tropical pastures. In this study we evaluated the morphogenetic responses, the patterns of defoliation and the efficiency of herbage utilisation of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Marandu) maintained at 30 cm by cattle and fertilised with nitrogen. Treatments corresponded to four measures of nitrogen application (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1), and were assigned to experimental units (1,200 m2 paddocks) according to a randomised complete block design, with four replications. There was a seasonal pattern of variation in the morphogenetic responses and in herbage utilisation efficiency (HUE) characterised by higher herbage growth rates and HUE during late spring and summer. Nitrogen fertilisation increased both leaf appearance and elongation rates (around 60 % between non-fertilised and swards fertilised with 450 kg ha1, p 0.05), requiring higher stocking rates (average of 1.6, 2.6, 2.9 and 3.1 Animal Unit (adult animal weighing 450 kg) ha1 for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1, respectively) to maintain the management target. Although the frequency of leaf defoliation increased (with no change in defoliation severity - 56.1 ± 1.88 %), the leaf lifespan decreased, resulting in a similar number of defoliations during the leaf lifespan (average of 0.91 ± 0.069). This resulted in increased HUE only for the 150 kg ha1 treatment relative to non-fertilisation (37.5, 48.1, 44.0 and 44.5 ± 2.25 % for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1 N, respectively), indicating that with nitrogen fertilisation rates above 150 kg ha1, there are compensatory mechanisms related to morphogenetic responses that buffer changes in utilisation efficiency.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Nitrogen fertiliser accelerates plant growth and increases herbage utilisation efficiency in continuously stocked temperate grass swards, indicating greater herbage production and harvest efficiency. There is no similar evidence, however, for tropical pastures. In this study we evaluated the morphogenetic responses, the patterns of defoliation and the efficiency of herbage utilisation of continuously stocked marandu palisade grass (Brachiaria brizantha (Hochst. ex A. Rich.) Stapf. cv. Marandu) maintained at 30 cm by cattle and fertilised with nitrogen. Treatments corresponded to four measures of nitrogen application (0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1), and were assigned to experimental units (1,200 m2 paddocks) according to a randomised complete block design, with four replications. There was a seasonal pattern of variation in the morphogenetic responses and in herbage utilisation efficiency (HUE) characterised by higher herbage growth rates and HUE during late spring and summer. Nitrogen fertilisation increased both leaf appearance and elongation rates (around 60 % between non-fertilised and swards fertilised with 450 kg ha1, p 0.05), requiring higher stocking rates (average of 1.6, 2.6, 2.9 and 3.1 Animal Unit (adult animal weighing 450 kg) ha1 for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1, respectively) to maintain the management target. Although the frequency of leaf defoliation increased (with no change in defoliation severity - 56.1 ± 1.88 %), the leaf lifespan decreased, resulting in a similar number of defoliations during the leaf lifespan (average of 0.91 ± 0.069). This resulted in increased HUE only for the 150 kg ha1 treatment relative to non-fertilisation (37.5, 48.1, 44.0 and 44.5 ± 2.25 % for 0, 150, 300 and 450 kg ha1 N, respectively), indicating that with nitrogen fertilisation rates above 150 kg ha1, there are compensatory mechanisms related to morphogenetic responses that buffer changes in utilisation efficiency.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate tiller population density and the dynamics of the tillering process in marandu palisade grass subjected to strategies of rotational stocking management and nitrogen fertilization. Treatments corresponded to combinations between two targets of pre-grazing conditions (sward surface height of 25 and 35 cm) and two rates of nitrogen application (50 and 200 kg ha-1 year-1), and were allocated to experimental units according to a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement in a randomised complete block design, with four replications. The following response variables were studied: initial (TPDi), intermediate (TPDm) and final (TPDf) tiller population density as well as the rates of tiller appearance (TAR) and death (TDR) and the tiller population stability index (SI). TPDi was similar to all treatments, with differences in tiller population density becoming more pronounced as the experiment progressed, resulting in larger TPDf on swards managed at 25 cm pre-grazing height. Tiller death was larger on swards managed at 35 cm, with differences in tiller appearance being recorded only from February 2010 onwards. Stability of tiller population was higher on swards managed at 25 cm pre-grazing height. Overall, there was no effect of nitrogen on the studied variables, and the most adequate grazing strategy corresponded to the pre-grazing height of 25 cm, regardless of the nitrogen application rate used.

O objetivo deste experimento foi avaliar a densidade populacional e a dinâmica do perfilhamento em capim-marandu submetido a estratégias de pastejo rotativo e adubação nitrogenada. Os tratamentos corresponderam à combinação de duas metas de altura pré-pastejo (25 e 35 cm) e duas doses de aplicação de nitrogênio (50 e 200 kg ha-1 ano-1) em arranjo fatorial 2 x 2 alocadas às unidades experimentais segundo delineamento de blocos completos casualizados, com quatro repetições. Foram avaliadas a densidade populacional de perfilhos inicial (DPPi), intermediária (DPPm) e final (DPPf), as taxas de aparecimento (TAP), morte (TMP) e o índice de estabilidade (IE) da população de perfilhos. A DPPi foi semelhante para todos os tratamentos, com diferenças se acentuando ao longo da estação de crescimento, resultando em maior DPPf nos pastos manejados a 25 cm de altura pré-pastejo. A mortalidade de perfilhos foi maior nos pastos manejados a 35 cm, com diferenças em aparecimento sendo registradas somente a partir de fevereiro de 2010. Pastos manejados a 25 cm apresentaram maior estabilidade da população de perfilhos. Não houve efeito do nitrogênio nas variáveis analisadas, sendo que a melhor estratégia de manejo correspondeu à altura pré-pastejo de 25 cm, independente da dose de nitrogênio utilizada.

Assuntos

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A análise de componentes principais é uma técnica de análise multivariada que tem sido usada com pouca frequência na pesquisa com plantas forrageiras. Dessa forma, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi verificar se as hipóteses já testadas de acordo com técnicas univariadas podem ser validadas por meio de análise de componentes principais. Assim, duas análises foram realizadas. Na primeira, mais de 80 por cento da variação do conjunto de dados foi explicada pelos primeiros três componentes principais, os quais relacionaram, basicamente, padrões de compensação tamanho/densidade populacional de perfilhos e discrepâncias na forma de se avaliar a forma do perfilho (relação folha: colmo ou razão área foliar: volume por perfilho). Na segunda, os três primeiros componentes principais explicaram 91,4 por cento da variação total, relacionando-se, basicamente, com o processo de economia de recursos e alocação sazonal de assimilados para diferentes estruturas como forma de garantir sobrevivência e persistência das plantas na área. Os resultados mostram a potencialidade do uso da análise de componentes principais na interpretação de dados de pesquisa com plantas forrageiras. As conclusões obtidas são semelhantes àquelas obtidas com técnicas univariadas convencionais, com a vantagem de reduzir o número de variáveis globais em alguns poucos componentes principais.

The principal component analysis is a multivariate analysis technique that has not been frequently used in the interpretation of research data on forage plants. Thus, the aim of this study was to use data already published and interpreted according to univariate analysis and verify if their hypotheses could also be validated through the principal component analysis. Two principal components analysis were performed. For the first one, the following variables were considered: tiller population density, individual tillers mass, leaf area index, leaf area/tiller volume ratio and tiller appearance and survival rates. In the first analysis more than 80 percent of of the data set variation was explained by the first three main components, which, basically, showed patterns of tiller size / density compensation mechanisms and revealed discrepancies in the way of evaluating tiller shape (leaf : stem ratio or leaf area: volume ratio per tiller). In the second analysis, the first three principal components explained 91.4 percent of the total variation, which was related basically to the process of resources economy and seasonal allocation of assimilates for different plant structures as a mean of ensuring survival and persistence of plants. The results show the potential of using the principal component analysis in the interpretation of research data on forage plants and corroborates conclusions obtained using univariate methods, with the advantage of reducing the number of global variables