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[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/tas/txz183.].

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This experiment evaluated the effect of a blend of essential oils (BEO) on intake, lactation performance, diet digestibility, ruminal fermentation profile, eating behavior, body thermoregulation, blood acid-base balance, and milk fatty acid profile of lactating cows. Twenty-eight Holstein cows were individually fed a standard diet for 14 d and treatments control or BEO (a microencapsulated blend of pepper extract containing capsaicin and pure forms of carvacrol, cinnamaldehyde, and eugenol; 150 mg/kg of diet dry matter) for 56 d. Significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05 and trends at 0.05 < P ≤ 0.10. Dry matter intake (DMI) was reduced (19.5 vs. 20.1 kg/d) and milk yield was increased (30.1 vs. 30.8 kg/d) by BEO, inducing improved milk to DMI ratio (1.53 vs. 1.62). Milk fat concentration tended to be increased by BEO, but total solids yield did not differ. There was a trend for increased total tract non-neutral detergent fiber organic matter digestibility with BEO. The molar proportion of acetate in ruminal fluid was reduced (51.4 vs. 57.8%) and that of propionate was increased (26.1 vs. 31.3%) by BEO. Ruminal microbial yield and total protozoa count in ruminal fluid did not differ. Cows fed BEO ingested a greater proportion of the daily intake in the morning (30.6 vs. 36.6%) and tended to ingest a lower proportion at night, tended to have longer meals, and had fewer meals per day (11.9 vs. 13.7) and larger meal size (1.5 vs. 1.7 kg of dry matter per meal). Blood urea-N and glucose concentrations did not differ. The BEO increased jugular blood oxygenation. The sweating rate on a hot and dry day was increased (160 vs. 221 g/m2/h) by BEO. The mean rectal and skin temperatures and respiration rate did not differ, but the proportion of rectal temperature measurements ≥39.2 °C was reduced by BEO at 1400 h (17.8 vs. 28.5%) and 2000 h (23.2 vs. 34.8%). The BEO increased the secretion (g/d) of 18:2 trans-10, cis-12 and the concentration of 18:0 iso fatty acids in milk fat. When one sample of milk from BEO cows was offered with two samples of milk from control, 59% of regular consumers of milk (n = 63) identified the odd sample correctly. The gain in feed efficiency induced by BEO was associated with reduced acetate-to-propionate ratio in ruminal fluid, altered eating behavior, lower frequency of high rectal temperature, and increased blood oxygenation. Essential oils had positive effects on ruminal fermentation and systemic variables of dairy cows.

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o objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade sanitária de hortaliças produzidas pela associação dosagricultores familiares produtores de hortaliças (ASPROHPEN) da região do Pentáurea em Montes Claros-MG. Foram coletadas 55 amostras de hortaliças para análises microbiológicas e 18 amostras de hortaliças para análises parasitológicas no período de junho a setembro de 2010. Também foram coletadas amostras de água de irrigação e esterco aviário utilizado no cultivo das hortaliças, para avaliação de suas qualidades microbiológica e parasitológica respectivamente. Na avaliação microbiológica, observou-se que nenhuma amostra apresentava contaminação por coliformes fecais e em duas amostras (3,63%) das 55 analisadas apresentaram presença de Salmonella sp. A presença de estruturas parasitárias foi detectadanas 18 amostras (100%) de hortaliças analisadas, sendo que em um total de 537 estruturas analisadas osmaiores níveis foram de Entomoeba coli (61,4%) e Balatidium coli (17%). A água de irrigação analisada apresentou contaminação por coliformes totais em todas as amostras. Na análise do esterco aviário observou-se a presença de Oocistos de Eimeria sp., Larvas de Strongyloides stercolares, ovos de Ascaris lumbricoides e Cestóide Raillietina em todas as amostras. De acordo com os resultados encontrados conclui-se que as hortaliças produzidas pelos agricultores da ASPROHPEN apresentam risco de contaminação bacteriana e parasitológica para os consumidores dessas hortaliças. Com isso, medidas deverão ser tomadas visando melhor qualidade sanitária destas hortaliças. (AU)

The objective of this work was to evaluate the sanitary quality of vegetables produced by the associationof family farmers producers of vegetables (ASPROHPEN) Pentáurea in the region of Montes Claros-MG.There were collected 55 samples of vegetables for microbiological analysis and 18 samples of vegetables for parasitological analysis in the period from June to September of201 O. Also, samples of irrigation water and poultry manure used in the farming of the vegetables, were collected for evaluation of their microbiological and parasitological quality respectively. 1n the microbiological evaluation, was observed that any sample showed contamination by fecal coliforms and in two samples (3.63%) of the 55 analyzed was observed the presence of Salmonella sp. The presence of parasitic structures were detected in 18 samples of the vegetables analyzed (100%) and in a total of 537 structures analyzed the highest levels were of Entomoeba coli (61.4%) and Balatidium coli (17%). The sample of irrigation water showed total coliforms in all samples. In the analysis of poultry manure was observed the presence of oocysts of Eimeria sp., larvae of Strongyloides stercolares, eggs of Ascaris lumbricoides and cestode Raillietina in all samples. According to these results we conclude that the vegetables produced by farmers in ASPROHPEN show a risk of bacterial and parasitic contamination to the consumers of these vegetables.Actions should be taken in order to better the sanitary quality of these vegetables. (AU)

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Resistance to anthelminthics is common due to intensive and incorrect use. In searching for alternatives, extracts of banana plant were evaluated for egg hatching inhibition and fecal egg count reduction of sheep nematodes. Aqueous extracts of the leaf, pseudostem, and heart of the banana plant cv. Prata anã were tested at concentrations of 0.31, 0.62, 1.25, 2.5, 5.0, and 10.0 mg ml(-1) in egg hatching inhibition tests. For in vivo analysis, aqueous extracts were evaluated at dosages calculated according to the 10% lethal dose derived from acute toxicity testing in mice. Efficacy was evaluated at two time periods following oral administration. For the banana extracts at 2.5 mg ml(-1), egg hatching was significantly fewer than the negative control, with an LC(50) and LC(90) of 0.19 and 0.84 mg ml(-1), respectively. In vivo analysis for weeks 1 and 2 following a single treatment with aqueous leaf extract showed 33.1% and 32.5% anthelminthic efficacy, respectively. Further research on higher dosages with more frequent administration is needed to evaluate the potential for utilizing banana plant residues in gastrointestinal nematode control.

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Com o presente estudo, foi avaliada a eficácia in vitro de extratos vegetais de resíduos da bananicultura sobre a inibição do desenvolvimento larval de nematódeos gastrintestinais de ovinos. A técnica de coprocultura quantitativa e qualitativa foi empregada para avaliar a eficácia anti-helmíntica dos extratos aquosos de folhas, pseudocaules e corações de bananeiras da cultivar 'Prata Anã', nas concentrações 25, 75 e 150mg mL-1, em um delineamento inteiramente casualizado. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram que os três extratos, em concentrações iguais ou superiores a 75mg mL-1, reduziram significativamente (P<0,05) o desenvolvimento larval dos nematódeos, com eficácia acima de 96,9 por cento. A identificação das larvas desenvolvidas revelou a ocorrência de Haemonchus spp. nas culturas avaliadas, permitindo concluir que as partes testadas da bananeira apresentam propriedades anti-helmínticas sobre o desenvolvimento larval desse importante parasito.

This study evaluated the in vitro efficacy of aqueous extracts from banana crop residues on the inhibition of larval development of sheep gastrointestinal nematodes. The quantitative and qualitative coproculture technique was performed to evaluate the anthelmintic efficacy of the aqueous extract of leafs , pseudostems and hearts from banana plants, cv 'Prata Anã', at 25, 75 and 150mg mL-1 concentrations, in a completely randomized design. The results showed that the three extracts, in concentrations equal to or greater than 75mg mL-1, decreased significantly (P<0.05) the nematodes larval development, with efficacy up 96.9 percent. The identification of the developed larvae revealed occurrence of Haemonchus spp. in the evaluated samples, allowing to conclude that the tested parts of this plant showed anthelmintic properties on the larval development of this important parasite.