RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to perform a morphological and morphometric study of the characteristics of the infraorbital foramen (IOF) and accessory infraorbital foramen (AIOF) in Brazilian skulls. METHODS: A sample calculation determined a total of 94 human skulls to be evaluated by a trained examiner for number, shape, diameters, and location of IOF in relation to anatomical landmarks. Number, size, shape, diameters, location, orientation, position, and distances in relation to anatomical landmarks were evaluated for the AIOF. Descriptive analysis, paired t test, Wilcoxon test, Pearson and Spearman correlations were used. RESULTS: A total of 188 IOFs and 48 AIOFs were found. Circular outline was the predominant shape for both IOFs and AIOFs. Infraorbital foramens presented in left sides had a significantly greater transverse diameter and distance from medial margin of the orbit when compared with IOFs located on the right sides (Pâ<0.001). Accessory infraorbital foramens were most frequently found on the left sides of the skulls and had a superomedial position in relation to the IOFs. Accessory infraorbital foramens located on right sides had a significantly greater distance to anterior nasal spine when compared with AIOFs located on the left sides (Pâ<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this solid methodology-based study can help guide surgeons in accurately locating the IOF and AIOF, and consequently, their neurovascular bundles to perform safe procedures during maxillofacial interventions.
Assuntos
Maxila/anatomia & histologia , Órbita/anatomia & histologia , Pesos e Medidas Corporais , Brasil/etnologia , Cadáver , Feminino , Humanos , MasculinoRESUMO
o presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as condições de boas práticas em dois bancos de alimentos (BA) da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, antes e após a capacitação de manipuladores de alimentos. A pesquisa foi realizada empregando-se um instrumento de coleta de dados - checklist adaptado da legislação sanitária brasileira. Os BA foram avaliados, nos dois momentos, nas dimensões higiene pessoal, operacional e ambiental. Os resultados foram avaliados e discutidos com as gestoras dos BA. O B 1 apresentou 32% de não- -conformidades na avaliação inicial e 62% na avaliação final, enquanto que o B2 apresentou 32% de não- -conformidades na avaliação inicial e 16% na final. Pode-se inferir que o resultado observado no B 1 deve-se a mudança no quadro de pessoal, que ocorreu entre a aplicação da capacitação e a avaliação final. Conclui-se que o checklist adaptado possibilitou a avaliação da adoção das boas práticas em bancos de alimentos, e, portanto, pode ser aplicado como um instrumento de monitoramento da segurança alimentar. No B2 a capacitação levou a uma melhoria em todas as dimensões avaliadas. (AU)
The present study aimed to evaluate the conditions of good practice in two food banks (BA) in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, before and after the training of food handlers. The research was conducted using a data collection instrument - checklist adapted from the Brazilian health legislation. The BA was evaluated in two stages in the dimensions: personal, operational and environmental hygiene. The results were evaluated and discussed with the management of BA. The Bl presented 32% of non-conformities at baseline and 62% at the final assessment, while the B2 showed 32% of non-conformities in the initial evaluation and 16% in the final. lt can be inferred that the observed result in B1 is due to change in staffing that occurred between the application of initial and final training. 1t is concluded that checklist adapted it possible to evaluate the conditions of good practice in food banks, and therefore can be applied as a tool for monitoring food safety. B2 in the training led to an improvement in all dimensions evaluated. (AU)