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The association of microphthalmia and linear skin defects was named microphthalmia with linear skin defects syndrome (MLS) or MIDAS syndrome (microphthalmia, dermal aplasia, and sclerocornea), an X-chromosomal disorder manifesting mainly in females. We examined a female newborn with facial linear skin defects following the Blaschko lines. Computer tomography and ophthalmological examination confirmed bilateral microphthalmia. An interstitial microdeletion at Xp22.2, encompassing the entire HCCS gene, was identified. Dermatoscopic examination showed erythematous linear areas with telangectasias and absence of sebaceous glands, which appear as brilliant white dots. Vellus hairs were also absent in the red areas. Dermatoscopy could help to establish the diagnosis of MLS/MIDAS syndrome by confirming the aplastic nature of the lesions.

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Introdução: O atendimento pré-hospitalar é o cuidado dado a uma vítima que sofre um acidente ou apresenta uma enfermidade aguda fora do ambiente hospitalar. Em 2003 o Serviço de Atendimento Móvel de Urgência (SAMU) foi criado com o intuito de diminuir a mortalidade e o aparecimento de sequelas devido à falta de socorro precoce. O objetivo do trabalho foi avaliar o conhecimento dos estudantes de medicina de diferentes fases do curso sobre o SAMU. Métodos: Estudo de delineamento transversal com aplicação de 383 questionários, o que representa 97,2% da amostra final. A análise estatística foi feita no programa STATA 9.0, utilizando teste do qui-quadrado para comparação das respostas das diferentes fases do curso (1.o ao 4.o semestre: fase inicial; 5.o ao 9.o semestre: fase intermediária). Resultados: A maioria dos estudantes sabe o número para se entrar em contato com o SAMU (81,7%). Apenas 26,1% conhecem a equipe da Unidade de Suporte Básico. Na presença de crises hipertensivas, 66,5% acionariam o SAMU; e na tentativa de suicídio, 55,6% fariam o mesmo. O desfibrilador cardíaco foi acertadamente considerado um equipamento da Unidade de Suporte Avançado por 45,2%. A principal causa de atendimento pelo SAMU (natureza clínica) era do conhecimento de 24%. Conclusão: Os estudantes possuem conhecimento mediano sobre o SAMU. Não houve grande diferença de conhecimento entre as diferentes fases do curso. Maior contato dos alunos com o serviço e maior enfoque na emergência médica dentro da faculdade devem ser considerados para alcançar melhor compreensão entre os estudantes.

Introduction: Pre-hospital care is given to a victim who suffers an accident or has an acute illness outside a hospital. In 2003 the Emergency Mobile Care Service (SAMU) was created with the aim of reducing mortality and the appearance of sequelae due to lack of early relief. The aim of this work was to assess knowledge of the SAMU by medical undergraduates. Methods: A cross-sectional study with administration of 383 questionnaires, representing 97.2% of the final sample. Statistical analysis was performed in STATA 9.0, using the chi-square test to compare the responses from the different stages of the medicine course (1st to 4th semester: early stage; 5th to 9th semester: intermediate stage). Results: Most students can remember the phone number to contact the SAMU (81.7%). Only 26.1% knew the Basic Support Unit team. In the presence of hypertension 66.5% would trigger the SAMU, and for suicide attempts, 55.6% would do it. The cardiac defibrillator was rightly considered an equipment of the Advanced Support Unit by 45.2%. The main cause of treatment by the SAMU (clinical care) was known by 24%. Conclusion: Students have a median knowledge about the SAMU. There was no marked difference in knowledge between the different stages of the medicine course. Undergraduates’ greater contact with the service and an increased focus on medical emergency along the medicine course should be considered to achieve better understanding among students.

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To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori and anemia, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-45 year old users of the 31 primary health care units in Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Interviews using a structured questionnaire were carried out in waiting rooms during two work shifts. Anemia (hemoglobin < 11g/dL among pregnant women, < 12g/dL among women and < 13g/dL among men) was diagnosed from capillary blood (HemoCue) and H. pylori by means of a 13C-UBT. Information on socio-demographic, behavioral and biological characteristics was collected. Logistic and linear regression analyses were carried out, taking into account aggregated primary health care units. A total of 1,117 respondents fulfilled the inclusion criteria (losses/refusals: 8.1 percent). Prevalence of anemia was 20.6 percent (18.2-23.2 percent) and of H. pylori, 70.7 percent (68.0-73.6 percent). After allowing for age, sex and skin color the odds ratio for anemia among those who were diagnosed H. pylori positive was 0.94 (0.70-1.27). After allowing for sex, skin color, family monthly income, age, and smoking, the reduction in hemoglobin among H. pylori positive respondents was 0.07g/dL (-0.24-0.11; p = 0.4). There is no association between H. pylori and anemia among adults attending primary health care units in Southern Brazil.

Helicobacter pylori tem sido apontado como causa de anemia. Para investigar essa associação, estudo transversal de base populacional foi realizado entre adultos (18-45 anos de idade), usuários das 31 unidades básicas de saúde (UBS), em Pelotas, Sul do Brasil. Entrevistas com questionários estruturados foram feitas nas salas de espera, em dois turnos de trabalho. Anemia (hemoglobina < 11g/dL entre gestantes, < 12g/dL entre mulheres adultas e < 13g/dL entre homens) foi diagnosticada em sangue capilar (HemoCue). H. pylori foi identificado por 13C-Urea Breath Test. Foram coletadas informações sócio-demográficas, comportamentais e biológicas. Análise por regressão logística e linear, levando em conta a agregação por UBS. Dos 1.117 elegíveis, foram perdidos ou recusaram-se participar 8,1 por cento. A prevalência de anemia foi 20,6 por cento (18,2-23,2 por cento) e H. pylori, 70,7 por cento (68,0-73,6 por cento). Após ajuste para idade, sexo e cor, a odds ratio para anemia entre H. pylori positivos foi 0,94 (0,70-1,27). Na análise ajustada para sexo, cor, renda familiar, idade e tabagismo, o nível de hemoglobina foi 0,07g/dL menor (-0,24-0,11; p = 0,4) entre H. pylori positivos. Não há associação entre H. pylori e anemia entre adultos usuários de UBS no Sul do Brasil.

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RESUMO

To investigate the association between Helicobacter pylori and anemia, a community-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 18-45 year old users of the 31 primary health care units in Pelotas, Southern Brazil. Interviews using a structured questionnaire were carried out in waiting rooms during two work shifts. Anemia (hemoglobin < 11g/dL among pregnant women, < 12g/dL among women and < 13g/dL among men) was diagnosed from capillary blood (HemoCue) and H. pylori by means of a 13C-UBT. Information on socio-demographic, behavioral and biological characteristics was collected. Logistic and linear regression analyses were carried out, taking into account aggregated primary health care units. A total of 1,117 respondents fulfilled the inclusion criteria (losses/refusals: 8.1%). Prevalence of anemia was 20.6% (18.2-23.2%) and of H. pylori, 70.7% (68.0-73.6%). After allowing for age, sex and skin color the odds ratio for anemia among those who were diagnosed H. pylori positive was 0.94 (0.70-1.27). After allowing for sex, skin color, family monthly income, age, and smoking, the reduction in hemoglobin among H. pylori positive respondents was 0.07g/dL (-0.24-0.11; p = 0.4). There is no association between H. pylori and anemia among adults attending primary health care units in Southern Brazil.

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