RESUMO
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is the most frequent adult-onset motor neuron disorder. The disease is characterized by degeneration of upper and lower motor neurons, leading to death usually within five years after the onset of symptoms. While most cases are sporadic, 5%-10% of cases can be associated with familial inheritance, including ALS type 6, which is associated with mutations in the Fused in Sarcoma (FUS) gene. This work aimed to evaluate how the most frequent ALS-related mutations in FUS, R521C, R521H, and P525L affect the protein structure and function. We used prediction algorithms to analyze the effects of the non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms and performed evolutionary conservation analysis, protein frustration analysis, and molecular dynamics simulations. Most of the prediction algorithms classified the three mutations as deleterious. All three mutations were predicted to reduce protein stability, especially the mutation R521C, which was also predicted to increase chaperone binding tendency. The protein frustration analysis showed an increase in frustration in the interactions involving the mutated residue 521C. Evolutionary conservation analysis showed that residues 521 and 525 of human FUS are highly conserved sites. The molecular dynamics results indicate that protein stability could be compromised in all three mutations. They also affected the exposed surface area and protein compactness. The analyzed mutations also displayed high flexibility in most residues in all variants, most notably in the interaction site with the nuclear import protein of FUS.
Assuntos
Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/genética , Simulação por Computador , Mutação , Proteína FUS de Ligação a RNA/genética , Esclerose Lateral Amiotrófica/mortalidade , Análise Mutacional de DNA , Bases de Dados de Proteínas , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Proteína FUS de Ligação a RNA/metabolismoRESUMO
Addition effects of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and its synthetic analogue insulin-like growth factor-1 recombinant-3 (LongR3-IGF-1) after in vitro maturation (IVM) of cattle cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were compared and evaluated on meiotic progression, apoptosis and profile genes of oocyte competence (GDF9, BMP15, BAX, BCL2, OOSP1, IGFBP2, IGBFP4 and IGFBP5), and their respective cumulus cells (AREG, EGFR, FSHR, COX2, BAX, BCL2, IGFBP2, IGFBP4 and IGFBP5). The 739 COCs (n = 10 pools) of bovine ovaries were collected, selected and matured with IGF-1 (100 ng/mL), LongR3-IGF-1 (100 ng/mL), and in two control groups with 0.1% polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), for 22-24 h. The statistical analysis was performed by a linear mixed effects model, ANOVA and Tukey tests. There was no statistical difference between experimental groups taken into account the meiotic progression and apoptosis (P > 0.05). Nevertheless, there were statistical differences (P ≤ 0.05) among FBS, IGF-1 and LongR3-IGF-1 groups for IGFBP4 gene expression, and among PVA, IGF-1 and LongR3-IGF-1 for COX2 gene expression in cumulus cells. Moreover, statistical difference was found for BCL2 gene expression between IGF-1, FBS and PVA groups and for IGFBP4 gene expression between LongR3-IGF-1, PVA and FBS in oocytes. There was no statistical difference between experimental groups for other genes evaluated. These results showed a good performance of IVM of bovine oocytes in the presence of LongR3-IGF-1 and the possibility of replacement of IGF-1 and FBS.
Assuntos
Células do Cúmulo/efeitos dos fármacos , Técnicas de Maturação in Vitro de Oócitos/veterinária , Fator de Crescimento Insulin-Like I/farmacologia , Oócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Animais , Bovinos , FemininoRESUMO
Oxidative stress is a major factor in aging processes. Superoxide dismutase 3 (SOD3) plays a key role in the protection of extracellular oxidative stress. Missense mutations in SOD3 have been described to be associated with the occurrence of pulmonary, cardiovascular, and neoplastic diseases. This study aims to analyze the effects of missense mutations on the SOD3 structure and function by modeling a complete SOD3 structure as well as analyzing the differences between the wild-types and mutants using computational simulations. Here, ten algorithms were used to predict the structural and functional effects of missense mutations. A complete model of SOD3 protein was made by ab initio and comparative modeling using the Rosetta algorithm and validated by PROCHECK, Verify 3D, QMEAN, and ProSa. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed and analyzed using the GROMACS package. The deleterious potential of the A58T and R231G mutants was not predicted by the majority of the used algorithms. The analyzed mutations were predicted as destabilizing by at least one algorithm. The MD analyses indicated that protein flexibility may be increased by all of the analyzed mutations, while the protein-ligand stability may be decreased. They also suggested that the variants A91T and R231G increase the overall dimensions of SOD3 and decrease its accessible surface area. Our findings, therefore, indicated that the analyzed mutations could affect the protein structure and its ability to interact with other molecules, which may be related to the functional impairment of SOD3 upon A58T and R231G mutations, as well as their involvement in pathologies.
Assuntos
Algoritmos , Simulação por Computador , Simulação de Dinâmica Molecular , Mutação de Sentido Incorreto , Superóxido Dismutase , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Humanos , Superóxido Dismutase/química , Superóxido Dismutase/genéticaRESUMO
Our aims were to determine the frequencies of feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) and feline leukemia virus (FeLV) in owned and stray cats in the northeastern region of Brazil, ascertain the status of FeLV infection, and investigate potential associated factors among the owned cats. Blood samples from 200 asymptomatic owned cats and 30 stray cats were processed using nested PCR and commercial immunochromatographic tests to diagnose infections. To evaluate the factors associated with FIV and/or FeLV in owned cats, a semi-structured interview was conducted with each owner about the animal's environment, and these data were subjected to unconditional logistic regression. The frequencies for owned cats were 6% (12/200) and 3% (6/200) for FIV and FeLV, respectively. No owned cat was positive for both viruses. Stray cats showed frequencies of 6.66% (2/30) and 0% (0/30) for FIV and FeLV, respectively. Contact with other cats and living in peri-urban areas were considered to be risk factors (P < 0.05) for FIV. We did not identify any factors associated with infections with FeLV. Our results confirm the presence of these two retroviruses in the region under study. Our use of different diagnostic techniques allowed us to determine the frequency of retroviruses in the feline population more accurately, particularly with regard to infections by FeLV, which have complex pathogenesis.
Assuntos
Gatos/virologia , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida Felina/epidemiologia , Vírus da Imunodeficiência Felina/genética , Vírus da Leucemia Felina/genética , Leucemia Felina/epidemiologia , Animais , Brasil , Síndrome de Imunodeficiência Adquirida Felina/virologia , Feminino , Leucemia Felina/virologia , Masculino , Animais de Estimação/virologiaRESUMO
The Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in young chickens. Advances in molecular virology and vaccines for IBDV have been achieved by viral reverse genetics (VRG). VRG for IBDV has undergone changes over time, however all strategies used to generate particles of IBDV involves multiple rounds of amplification and need of in vitro ligation and restriction sites. The aim of this research was to build the world's first VRG for IBDV by yeast-based homologous recombination; a more efficient, robust and simple process than cloning by in vitro ligation. The wild type IBDV (Wt-IBDV-Br) was isolated in Brazil and had its genome cloned in pJG-CMV-HDR vector by yeast-based homologous recombination. The clones were transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts and the recovered virus (IC-IBDV-Br) showed genetic stability and similar phenotype to Wt-IBDV-Br, which were observed by nucleotide sequence, focus size/morphology and replication kinetics, respectively. Thus, IBDV reverse genetics by yeast-based homologous recombination provides tools to IBDV understanding and vaccines/viral vectors development.
Assuntos
Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Recombinação Homóloga , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/genética , Genética Reversa/métodos , Brasil , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/virologia , Vetores Genéticos , Instabilidade Genômica , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/fisiologia , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Transfecção , Cultura de Vírus , Replicação ViralRESUMO
The Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in young chickens. Advances in molecular virology and vaccines for IBDV have been achieved by viral reverse genetics (VRG). VRG for IBDV has undergone changes over time, however all strategies used to generate particles of IBDV involves multiple rounds of amplification and need of in vitro ligation and restriction sites. The aim of this research was to build the world's first VRG for IBDV by yeast-based homologous recombination; a more efficient, robust and simple process than cloning by in vitro ligation. The wild type IBDV (Wt-IBDV-Br) was isolated in Brazil and had its genome cloned in pJG-CMV-HDR vector by yeast-based homologous recombination. The clones were transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts and the recovered virus (IC-IBDV-Br) showed genetic stability and similar phenotype to Wt-IBDV-Br, which were observed by nucleotide sequence, focus size/morphology and replication kinetics, respectively. Thus, IBDV reverse genetics by yeast-based homologous recombination provides tools to IBDV understanding and vaccines/viral vectors development.
Assuntos
Animais , Embrião de Galinha , Recombinação Homóloga , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/genética , Genética Reversa/métodos , Brasil , Células Cultivadas , Fibroblastos/virologia , Vetores Genéticos , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/isolamento & purificação , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Transfecção , Cultura de Vírus , Replicação ViralRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The pretransplantation period is characterized by many stressful events that can result in symptoms of anxiety and stress and ultimately can have a negative impact on graft outcome. Our objective was to evaluate the association between symptoms of anxiety and stress in patients awaiting kidney transplantation. METHODS: This was a transversal study describing 50 randomly selected patients undergoing hemodialysis and waitlisted for kidney transplantation. We collected social and demographic data, and adopted the Beck Anxiety Inventory and the Lipp Stress Symptoms for Adults Inventory to respectively evaluate anxiety and stress. RESULTS: The mean age was 50.2 ± 11.7 years, 54% of patients were female, time on dialysis was 6.5 ± 4.5 years, and transplant waitlist time was 5.9 ± 4.4 years. Forty-six percent of patients were married or had a stable relationship, 50% were illiterate or had only finished primary school, and 64% were pensioners. Stress was documented in 60% of patients, of which 30% had severe stress, whereas 56% of patients showed symptoms of anxiety. The presence of stress was associated with longer waitlist time (P = .006) and longer time on dialysis (P = .052). Less severe stress was associated with higher education level (P = .031), whereas patients in more advanced phases of stress showed higher levels of anxiety. After a multivariate analysis, stress was 3.6 times (CI 1.34 to 9.89) more frequent among individuals with anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Stress and anxiety were prevalent in patients on a waitlist and were associated with social and chronic kidney disease-related patterns. This observation can stimulate the adoption of strategies for the prevention of stress and anxiety, avoiding posttransplantation complications, such as nonadherence to treatment.
Assuntos
Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Transplante de Rim/psicologia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Listas de Espera , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Rim/cirurgia , Falência Renal Crônica/cirurgia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Prevalência , Diálise Renal/psicologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Kidney transplant recipients (KTR) experience better appetite, partly due to the use of steroids, and are subjected to less severe dietetic restrictions, hence they tend to increase the uptake of calories, which favors weight gain posttransplantation. In this study, we evaluate the profile of body mass index (BMI) in the first year posttransplantation. METHODS: This was a retrospective study including 131 patients who received transplants between 1991 and 2011. We collected demographic and clinical data such as body weight and height, and calculated BMI pretransplantation and at 6 and 12 months posttransplantation. RESULTS: Mean age was 47.1 ± 13.1 years, 64.9% were male, and 29% of patients were diabetic. Pretransplantation mean BMI was 23.04 ± 4.08 kg/m(2), and at 6 and 12 months posttransplantation it increased to 24.55 ± 4.2 kg/m(2) and 24.65 ± 4.16 kg/m(2), respectively (P < .001). At 6 months, this significant weight gain occurred in all patients, even those malnourished, eutrophic, overweight, and obese at pretransplantation. Looking at pretransplantation malnourished patients, 30.8% remained malnourished 1 year after transplantation. Otherwise, 28.6% of pretransplantation overweight patients and 100% of pretransplantation obese patients could be classified as obese at 1 year posttransplantation. CONCLUSIONS: Increase in BMI is common in obese and nonobese KTR. This study highlights the importance of identifying subjects at risk for excessive weight gain posttransplantation, thus allowing an early nutritional intervention to prevent its complications.
Assuntos
Índice de Massa Corporal , Transplante de Rim , Sobrepeso/etiologia , Complicações Pós-Operatórias , Magreza/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/diagnóstico , Obesidade/etiologia , Sobrepeso/diagnóstico , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/diagnóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Magreza/diagnóstico , Aumento de PesoRESUMO
This report describes the exteriorisation of the urinary bladder in two dogs as a result of a laceration of the rectum from a traumatic pelvic fracture. Clinical examination and contrast radiography of the bladder were used as diagnostic tools. Both patients were treated with exploratory laparotomy, where traction of the bladder was utilised to pull the bladder through the traumatic rectal laceration allowing the organ to return to its normal anatomical position. This procedure was followed by surgical reconstruction of the rectum, resulting in effective resolution of each case.
Assuntos
Doenças do Cão/etiologia , Ossos Pélvicos/lesões , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/veterinária , Animais , Doenças do Cão/diagnóstico por imagem , Cães , Masculino , Ossos Pélvicos/diagnóstico por imagem , Prolapso , Radiografia , Doenças da Bexiga Urinária/etiologiaRESUMO
The Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) causes immunosuppression in young chickens. Advances in molecular virology and vaccines for IBDV have been achieved by viral reverse genetics (VRG). VRG for IBDV has undergone changes over time, however all strategies used to generate particles of IBDV involves multiple rounds of amplification and need of in vitro ligation and restriction sites. The aim of this research was to build the world's first VRG for IBDV by yeast-based homologous recombination; a more efficient, robust and simple process than cloning by in vitro ligation. The wild type IBDV (Wt-IBDV-Br) was isolated in Brazil and had its genome cloned in pJG-CMV-HDR vector by yeast-based homologous recombination. The clones were transfected into chicken embryo fibroblasts and the recovered virus (IC-IBDV-Br) showed genetic stability and similar phenotype to Wt-IBDV-Br, which were observed by nucleotide sequence, focus size/morphology and replication kinetics, respectively. Thus, IBDV reverse genetics by yeast-based homologous recombination provides tools to IBDV understanding and vaccines/viral vectors development.
Assuntos
Recombinação Homóloga , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/genética , Genética Reversa/métodos , Animais , Brasil , Células Cultivadas , Embrião de Galinha , Fibroblastos/virologia , Vetores Genéticos , Instabilidade Genômica , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Doença Infecciosa da Bursa/fisiologia , Saccharomyces cerevisiae/genética , Transfecção , Cultura de Vírus , Replicação ViralRESUMO
The standardization of requeijão cheese quality characteristics is a processing stage which is directly influenced by the chemical composition of the raw material. Fat and water concentrations are the main factors that cause variation in quality properties of the requeijão and, when not thoroughly controlled, may cause a lack in standardization of the food. Calculations of ingredients for effective standardization must be made in relation to the final product through of iterative calculations, which makes the manual process unfeasible. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop a spreadsheet for ingredient calculation, with restrictions being the different concentrations of fat and water in order to standardize the final products. The spreadsheet was developed using the Excel 2007® Solver function, with just four input data: quantity of mass, water and fat content of the mass and fat content of the cream. The optimal solution was that which maximizes the amount of final product while meeting the stipulated constraints of fat and water. Results obtained with the spreadsheet were validated by processing the requeijão cheeses and comparison of the theoretical and practical parameters using the t-test. There was no significant difference between fat and water contents (p>0.10) estimated and verified in practice. Therefore, the use of the spreadsheet proved to be efficient for standardization of requeijão formulations.
A padronização das características de qualidade do requeijão é uma etapa do processamento, a qual é diretamente influenciada pela composição química da matéria-prima. Os teores de gordura e água são os principais fatores que acarretam variação nas propriedades de qualidade do requeijão e, quando não controlados minuciosamente, causam despadronização do alimento. Os cálculos de ingredientes para efetiva padronização devem ser realizados em relação ao produto final, por meio de cálculos iterativos, o que inviabiliza o processo manual. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver uma planilha eletrônica para cálculo de ingredientes, tendo como restrições diferentes teores de gordura e água, visando à padronização dos produtos. A planilha foi desenvolvida utilizando-se o suplemento Solver do Excel2007®, sendo que os únicos parâmetros de entrada após a implementação da planilha foram: quantidade de massa, teor de gordura e de água na massa e teor de gordura do creme. A solução ótima foi a maximização da quantidade do produto final que satisfizesse as restrições dos teores de gordura e água estipulados. Os resultados obtidos pela planilha foram validados por meio do processamento dos requeijões e da comparação dos parâmetros teóricos e práticos utilizando-se o teste t. Não houve diferença significativa entre os teores de gordura e de água (p>0,10) estimados e verificados na prática. Portanto, a utilização da planilha eletrônica se apresenta eficiente para padronização de formulações de requeijão cremoso.
Assuntos
Animais , Alimentos , Gorduras/análise , Controle de Qualidade , Laticínios/análiseRESUMO
The standardization of requeijão cheese quality characteristics is a processing stage which is directly influenced by the chemical composition of the raw material. Fat and water concentrations are the main factors that cause variation in quality properties of the requeijão and, when not thoroughly controlled, may cause a lack in standardization of the food. Calculations of ingredients for effective standardization must be made in relation to the final product through of iterative calculations, which makes the manual process unfeasible. Thus, the objective of the present study was to develop a spreadsheet for ingredient calculation, with restrictions being the different concentrations of fat and water in order to standardize the final products. The spreadsheet was developed using the Excel 2007® Solver function, with just four input data: quantity of mass, water and fat content of the mass and fat content of the cream. The optimal solution was that which maximizes the amount of final product while meeting the stipulated constraints of fat and water. Results obtained with the spreadsheet were validated by processing the requeijão cheeses and comparison of the theoretical and practical parameters using the t-test. There was no significant difference between fat and water contents (p>0.10) estimated and verified in practice. Therefore, the use of the spreadsheet proved to be efficient for standardization of requeijão formulations.(AU)
A padronização das características de qualidade do requeijão é uma etapa do processamento, a qual é diretamente influenciada pela composição química da matéria-prima. Os teores de gordura e água são os principais fatores que acarretam variação nas propriedades de qualidade do requeijão e, quando não controlados minuciosamente, causam despadronização do alimento. Os cálculos de ingredientes para efetiva padronização devem ser realizados em relação ao produto final, por meio de cálculos iterativos, o que inviabiliza o processo manual. Nesse contexto, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo desenvolver uma planilha eletrônica para cálculo de ingredientes, tendo como restrições diferentes teores de gordura e água, visando à padronização dos produtos. A planilha foi desenvolvida utilizando-se o suplemento Solver do Excel2007®, sendo que os únicos parâmetros de entrada após a implementação da planilha foram: quantidade de massa, teor de gordura e de água na massa e teor de gordura do creme. A solução ótima foi a maximização da quantidade do produto final que satisfizesse as restrições dos teores de gordura e água estipulados. Os resultados obtidos pela planilha foram validados por meio do processamento dos requeijões e da comparação dos parâmetros teóricos e práticos utilizando-se o teste t. Não houve diferença significativa entre os teores de gordura e de água (p>0,10) estimados e verificados na prática. Portanto, a utilização da planilha eletrônica se apresenta eficiente para padronização de formulações de requeijão cremoso.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Alimentos , Controle de Qualidade , Gorduras/análise , Laticínios/análiseRESUMO
The objective of this study was to assess and quantify the dimensional error of prototypes produced using multi-slice and cone-beam computed tomography (MSCT and CBCT). Titanium screws were inserted into a dry skull at different points of the midface. The skull was scanned using MSCT (LightSpeed16) with pixel size 0.3 mm and CBCT (i-CAT Cone-Beam 3D) with voxel sizes 0.25 and 0.4 mm. Prototypes were printed (fabricated) using a ZPrinter 310 device. Both the dry skull (gold standard) and the prototypes were measured using a Mitutoyo 3D coordinate measuring system with three perpendicular axes (X, Y, and Z). The prototype produced from MSCT data presented a mean dimensional error of 0.62%; the two models produced with CBCT images yielded errors of 0.74% with voxel size 0.25 mm and 0.82% with voxel size 0.40 mm. No significant differences in dimensional errors were observed across the prototypes (p=0.767; Friedman's non-parametric test). Prototypes produced from CBCT data using voxel sizes of 0.25 and 0.4mm, and also the one produced from MSCT data using pixel size 0.3mm, showed acceptable dimensional errors and can therefore be used in the fabrication of prototypes in dentistry.
Assuntos
Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico , Ossos Faciais/diagnóstico por imagem , Processamento de Imagem Assistida por Computador/métodos , Imageamento Tridimensional/métodos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores , Cadáver , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/instrumentação , Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico/métodos , Precisão da Medição Dimensional , Marcadores Fiduciais , Humanos , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/instrumentação , Tomografia Computadorizada Multidetectores/métodos , Sistemas de Informação em Radiologia , Interface Usuário-ComputadorRESUMO
Mycobacterium haemophilum is a slow-growing nontuberculous mycobacterium that can cause disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. The most common clinical presentations of infection are the appearance of suppurative and ulcerated skin nodules. For the diagnosis, samples collected from suspected cases must be processed under the appropriate conditions, because M. haemophilum requires lower incubation temperatures and iron supplementation in order to grow in culture. In this case report, we describe the occurrence of skin lesions in a kidney transplant recipient, caused by M. haemophilum, associated with acupuncture treatment. The diagnosis was established by direct smear and culture of material aspirated from cutaneous lesions. Species identification was achieved by characterization of the growth requirements and by partial sequencing of the hsp65 gene. The patient was successfully treated with clarithromycin and ciprofloxacin for 12 months. Considering that the number of patients receiving acupuncture treatment is widely increasing, the implications of this potential complication should be recognized, particularly in immunosuppressed patients.
Assuntos
Terapia por Acupuntura/efeitos adversos , Transplante de Rim/efeitos adversos , Infecções por Mycobacterium/microbiologia , Mycobacterium haemophilum/isolamento & purificação , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Ciprofloxacina/uso terapêutico , Claritromicina/uso terapêutico , Humanos , Hospedeiro Imunocomprometido , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Mycobacterium/diagnóstico , Infecções por Mycobacterium/tratamento farmacológico , Infecções por Mycobacterium/patologia , Mycobacterium haemophilum/classificação , Mycobacterium haemophilum/genética , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/tratamento farmacológico , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/patologiaRESUMO
The steatocrit technique has been frequently used in the follow up of malabsorption syndromes. The classical steatocrit method has recently been improved by adding perchloric acid to the fecal homogenate (acid steatocrit), this technique showed a better correlation with fecal fat concentration than the classical test. In our protocol, we aimed at an assessment of the clinical usefulness of the acid steatocrit when compared to the traditional technique. Children who were referred to the laboratory for evaluation of steatorrhea were studied by the fecal fat balance, which was taken as a gold standard method for the comparison between both steatocrits. The method was slightly modified, by using hydrochloric instead of perchloric acid. Our results showed a sensitivity of 88.8% for the acid steatocrit and 66.7% for the classical method, at a 1.6% cut off value. We suggest the method as useful to rule out steatorrhea, thus selecting those children who should not be submitted to more laborious and time consuming methods such as the fecal fat balance.
Assuntos
Doença Celíaca/diagnóstico , Fezes/química , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Ácido Clorídrico , Lactente , Masculino , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Sensibilidade e EspecificidadeRESUMO
The pressor responses to common carotid occlusion were studied in conscious female rats throughout the estrous cycle, after gonadectomy and after gonadectomy followed by treatment with estrogen and progesterone. The initial peak pressor response was highest during proestrus and fell significantly over the remaining 3 days of the estrous cycle. The maintained pressor response was relatively unchanged throughout the cycle, except during diestrus 1 when it decreased markedly. Gonadectomy reduced and treatment with estradiol alone increased the initial pressor component, respectively. Treatment of gonadectomized rats with estradiol plus progesterone enhanced both components. These findings suggest that gonadal steroid hormones are important modulators of the pressor response to common carotid occlusion.
Assuntos
Arteriopatias Oclusivas/fisiopatologia , Pressão Sanguínea , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Estro , Animais , Estradiol/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Ovariectomia , Progesterona/uso terapêutico , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
The pressor responses to common carotid occlusion were studied in conscious female rats throughout the estrous cycle, after gonadectomy and after gonadectomy followed by treatment with estrogen and progesterone. The initial peak pressor response was highest during proestrus and fell significantly over the remaining 3 days of the estrous cycle. The maintained pressor response was relatively unchanged throughout the cycle, except during diestrus 1 when it decreased markedly. Gonadectomy reduced and treatment with estradiol alone increased the initial pressor component, respectively. Treatment of gonadectomized rats with estradiol plus progesterone enhanced both components. These findings suggest that gonadal steroid hormones are important modulators of the pressor to common carotid occlusion
Assuntos
Ratos , Animais , Feminino , Arteriopatias Oclusivas/fisiopatologia , Pressão Arterial , Doenças das Artérias Carótidas/fisiopatologia , Estro , Estradiol/uso terapêutico , Ovariectomia , Progesterona/uso terapêutico , Ratos EndogâmicosAssuntos
Anti-Hipertensivos/administração & dosagem , Hipertensão/tratamento farmacológico , Piperidinas/administração & dosagem , Adulto , Idoso , Pressão Sanguínea/efeitos dos fármacos , Ensaios Clínicos como Assunto , Esquema de Medicação , Feminino , Humanos , Ketanserina , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Resistência Vascular/efeitos dos fármacosRESUMO
Os autores utilizaram prostaglandina F2 alfa na inducao do parto em 19 pacientes com idade gestacional superior a 35 semanas. Em doses adequadas, nao houve complicacoes clinicas de grande importancia, a nao ser em um caso onde acidentalmente ocorreu superdosagem.Em apenas uma vez ocorreu falta da inducao. Os recem-nascidos tiveram indice de Apgar satisfatorio e apresentaram ocorrencia nao usual de ictericia neonatal, que merece melhor investigacao