RESUMO
Caribbean small island developing states are becoming increasingly vulnerable to compounding disasters, prominently featuring climate-related hazards and pandemic diseases, which exacerbate existing barriers to cancer control in the region. We describe the complexities of cancer prevention and control efforts throughout the Caribbean small island developing states, including the unique challenges of people diagnosed with cancer in the region. We highlight potential solutions and strategies that concurrently address disaster adaptation and cancer control. Because Caribbean small island developing states are affected first and worst by the hazards of compounding disasters, the innovative solutions developed in the region are relevant for climate mitigation, disaster adaptation, and cancer control efforts globally. In the age of complex and cascading disaster scenarios, developing strategies to mitigate their effect on the cancer control continuum, and protecting the health and safety of people diagnosed with cancer from extreme events become increasingly urgent. The equitable development of such strategies relies on collaborative efforts among professionals whose diverse expertise from complementary fields infuses the local community perspective while focusing on implementing solutions.
Assuntos
Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiologia , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/prevenção & controle , Região do Caribe/epidemiologia , Desastres , Planejamento em Desastres/organização & administraçãoRESUMO
This descriptive study was undertaken to investigate the relationship between professionalism and critical thinking abilities of senior nursing students in four types of nursing educational programs: generic baccalaureate, associate, and diploma--the basic registered nurse (RN) programs--along with the upper division baccalaureate, specifically RN completion, program. Fifty students from each type of program were conveniently selected during the same spring semester before graduation. Professionalism was measured by the Health Care Professional Attitude Inventory; general critical thinking abilities, by the Watson-Glaser Critical Thinking Appraisal. For individual programs, low to moderate correlations ranging from r = 0.263 (diploma) to 0.516 (upper division) were found between critical thinking and professionalism. This culminated in a significant, low positive correlation (r = 0.447) between critical thinking and professionalism across all programs. Upper division seniors showed significant low to moderate positive correlations for age with critical thinking (r = 0.487) and professionalism (r = 0.327) that were not observed in the other programs. Comparisons of professionalism scores among programs showed that upper division seniors scored highest. The measure of professionalism for seniors from 4-year generic programs was not significantly different from associate degree seniors. Diploma program seniors showed the lowest level of professionalism. When critical thinking abilities were compared, seniors from generic and upper division baccalaureate programs showed significantly higher levels than those from associate and diploma programs.
Assuntos
Currículo , Educação em Enfermagem , Prática Profissional , Estudantes de Enfermagem/psicologia , Pensamento , Adulto , Educação Técnica em Enfermagem , Bacharelado em Enfermagem , Programas de Graduação em Enfermagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pennsylvania , Testes PsicológicosRESUMO
A survey was conducted in four major flue-cured tobacco producing countries to determine use of nematicides for control of plant-parasitic nematodes on flue-cured tobacco. Included in the survey were scientists from Brazil, Canada, the United States, and Zimbabwe. Nematicides were used on 60-95% of the flue-cured tobacco crop in these regions. The choice of fumigant and nonfumigant nematicides, however, varied greatly as influenced by the edaphic factors, nematode species, and other pests present. The major nematicides, application methods, and efficacy evaluation systems used in these countries were addressed.
Assuntos
Medicina de Família e Comunidade , Morbidade , Barbados , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Prática PrivadaRESUMO
Radioactively labelled thyroxine (T4 - 125 I) has been used to carry out studies on thyroxine turnover in Jamaicans subjects. The decrease in plasma radioactivity following intravenous injection of labelled T4 has two components. The slow component lasting from 1 to 10 days post injection may be mathematically analysed to give the following data: (a) thyroxine distribution space; (b) total extra thyroidal thyroxine; (c) fractional turnover rate of the hormone and (d) thyroxine secretion rate. The results obtained in six normal Jamaican subjects agree well with those found by workers in North America and Europe. The fast component (10 minutes to 4 hours post injection) has been analysed in 8 normal, 2 hypothyroid and 1 thyrotoxic subjects using simultaneously injected albumen 125I and thyroxine 131I. This technique has previously been used by Oppenheimer et al (1967). It has until recently been thought that the cellular uptake of thyroxine was dependent on the concentration of diffusible (non protein bound) thyroxine in plasma. The results presented here show cellular uptake values 100 times greater than can be explained on this basis. These data have been analysed by a computer programme designed by Dr. J. B. Shepherd, Department of Physics, U.W.I. (AU)