RESUMO
This study sought to determine if the amount of in-hospital time could be reduced for a selected population of asthmatic children by using a behavioral intervention ("time-out" from positive reinforcement) in a general pediatric hospital. The measurements of hospital use selected were duration and frequency of hospitalization, and the time needed after admission to reverse airflow obstruction, as reflected by peak expiratory flow rates. Seven patients were selected because their use of the hospital appeared to be appreciably in excess of the severity of their asthma. All seven had been followed for at least one year prior to intervention, and were then followed for at least one year after the initial intervention. Intervention was a time-out procedure consisting of a program that removed many of the social rewards for being hospitalized. The results indicated that each of the measures of hospital use tested was reduced during and following the intervention.