RESUMO
Continuous venovenous hemofiltration was used to treat two neonates, one with maple syrup urine disease and the other with an inborn error of long-chain fatty acid oxidation. The latter infant had hypoglycemia, hyperammonemia and lactic acidosis. In both cases, acceptable biochemical control was achieved within 8 hours. This therapy offers the potential to overcome acute crises rapidly in a wide range of inborn errors of intermediary metabolism.
Assuntos
Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Hemofiltração/métodos , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/terapia , Doença da Urina de Xarope de Bordo/terapia , Aminoácidos/sangue , Aminoácidos de Cadeia Ramificada/sangue , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Erros Inatos do Metabolismo Lipídico/sangue , Masculino , Doença da Urina de Xarope de Bordo/sangueRESUMO
Serum concentrations of penicillin were measured in 37 children with pneumonia. The mean serum concentration of penicillin was greater than 1.0 microgram/mL for 11 hours after intramuscular administration of 48,000 U/kg benethamine penicillin compound (nine children), for 26 hours after 48,000 U/kg aqueous procaine penicillin (10 children), and for 40 hours after 79,000 U/kg aqueous procaine penicillin (seven children). After intramuscular administration of 35,000 U/kg benzyl penicillin in 11 children, the serum concentration was 13.3 +/- 7.4 micrograms/mL (mean +/- SD) 30 minutes after the injection, and 4.9 +/- 3.2 micrograms/mL after 3 hours. Our findings lend support to the World Health Organization recommendation that children with mild pneumonia in developing countries be given daily intramuscular injections of 50,000 U/kg aqueous procaine penicillin.
Assuntos
Penicilina G/análogos & derivados , Penicilina G/sangue , Pneumonia/sangue , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Humanos , Lactente , Penicilina G/uso terapêutico , Pneumonia/tratamento farmacológicoAssuntos
Pulmão/fisiopatologia , Neutrófilos/transplante , Reação Transfusional , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-NascidoRESUMO
Serum quinine concentrations were measured in seven children after intravenous infusion of quinine dihydrochloride, in eight children after intramuscular injection of quinine dihydrochloride, and in six children after nasogastric administration of a solution of quinine dihydrochloride. The mean (+/- SD) half-life of quinine was 11.1 +/- 4.8 hours, and the volume of distribution was 1.39 +/- 0.37 L/kg. To attain a serum level of 10 microgram/ml quinine, we suggest that children with severe malaria be given a loading dose of 20 mg/kg quinine dihydrochloride parenterally, followed by 7.5 mg/kg every 8 hours. Once recovery begins, quinine sulphate 10 mg/kg may be given orally every 8 hours. Serum concentrations should be monitored, if possible, because they vary greatly from person to person. Quinine is rapidly and completely absorbed after either intramuscular or nasogastric administration.