RESUMO
RESUMEN Introducción: El trastorno afectivo bipolar (TAB) es el trastorno mental reportado con mayor comorbilidad con el trastorno de abuso de sustancias (TAUS). Específicamente se han encontrado trastornos asociados con el consumo de alcohol (TACDA) en más de la mitad de los pacientes con TAB. Material y métodos: Se realizó un análisis secundario en una muestra poblacional de adultos en Colombia, con el objetivo de identificar la presencia de comorbilidad y los factores relacionados con el uso de alcohol en personas con TAB. El diagnóstico de TAB de los participantes se realizó a través del Entrevista Diagnóstica Internacional Compuesta (CIDI-CAPI) y el patrón de consumo de alcohol en el último año se determinó con la escala AUDIT C. Resultados: Se encontró que todos los pacientes con diagnóstico de TAB tenían algún patrón desadaptativo de consumo de alcohol. Entre las mujeres con TAB de esta muestra, se encontró un mayor riesgo de consumo de tipo dependencia, también mayor riesgo de consumo de nicotina y marihuana; entre quienes viven en centros urbanos, una mayor frecuencia de ideas suicidas y menor riesgo entre aquellos en una relación de pareja estable. Discusión: Se identificaron factores asociados novedosos respecto a publicaciones previas y otros ya descritos en estudios similares. Conclusiones: Estos hallazgos indican la necesidad de evaluar, en el abordaje de los pacientes con TAB, el tipo de consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias, dada su relevancia en el manejo y el pronóstico de esta población.
ABSTRACT Background: Bipolar disorder (BD) is reported to be the mental disorder with the highest rate of comorbidity with substance use disorders (SUD). More than half of patients with BD have been found to have disorders associated with alcohol use. Methods: A secondary analysis was performed in a population sample of Colombian adults. The aim was to identify bipolar-alcohol comorbidity and factors related to the use of alcohol in people with BD. The diagnosis of BD among participants was made with the "Composite International Diagnostic Interview" (CIDI-CAPI) and the pattern of alcohol consumption in the last year was evaluated with the AUDIT C screening tool. Results: It was found that all patients with BD had some type of problematic alcohol consumption pattern. Women with BD were at greater risk of having a dependence-type pattern, using nicotine and marijuana and, among those living in urban areas, had higher rates of suicidal ideation, although that risk was lower if they were in a stable relationship. Discussion: Some of the related factors we identified are new with respect to previous publications and others have already been described in similar studies. Conclusions: Given the importance of such factors in the management of this population and their prognosis, these findings highlight the need to determine consumption patterns of alcohol and other substances in patients with BD.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtorno Bipolar , Consumo de Bebidas Alcoólicas , Transtornos Relacionados ao Uso de Substâncias , Cannabis , Comorbidade , Programas de Rastreamento , Ideação Suicida , Transtornos MentaisRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder (BD) is reported to be the mental disorder with the highest rate of comorbidity with substance use disorders (SUD). More than half of patients with BD have been found to have disorders associated with alcohol use. METHODS: A secondary analysis was performed in a population sample of Colombian adults. The aim was to identify bipolar-alcohol comorbidity and factors related to the use of alcohol in people with BD. The diagnosis of BD among participants was made with the "Composite International Diagnostic Interview" (CIDI-CAPI) and the pattern of alcohol consumption in the last year was evaluated with the AUDIT C screening tool. RESULTS: It was found that all patients with BD had some type of problematic alcohol consumption pattern. Women with BD were at greater risk of having a dependence-type pattern, using nicotine and marijuana and, among those living in urban areas, had higher rates of suicidal ideation, although that risk was lower if they were in a stable relationship. DISCUSSION: Some of the related factors we identified are new with respect to previous publications and others have already been described in similar studies. CONCLUSIONS: Given the importance of such factors in the management of this population and their prognosis, these findings highlight the need to determine consumption patterns of alcohol and other substances in patients with BD.