RESUMO
OBJETIVO: determinar a prevalência e analisar os fatores associados à iniciação do uso do narguilé entre adolescentes. MÉTODOS: trata-se de um estudo epidemiológico transversal. Foram coletados 495 questionários dos estudantes das escolas da rede de ensino público e privado da área urbana do município de Várzea Grande/MT. Para análise dos dados foram realizadas análises descritiva, bivariada e regressão múltipla de Poisson. RESULTADOS: experimentaram o narguilé 19,7% dos estudantes. O uso do narguilé está associado com o período final da adolescência [RP = 6,54 (2,79; 15,32)], estarem matriculados nas escolas particulares [RP = 2,23 (1,73; 2,88)] e exercerem atividades laborativas [RP = 1,80 (1,17; 2,78)]. CONCLUSÃO: a proporção de adolescentes que experimentaram o narguilé foi elevada. Observou-se influência da idade do escolar, de atividades laborativas e do período das aulas para iniciação do tabagismo por esta forma. Medidas preventivas que abrangem as formas do tabaco devem ser direcionadas aos adolescentes, no ambiente escolar, como forma de controle do tabagismo.
OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and to analyze factors associated with hookah use initiation among adolescents. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional study, in which questionnaires were collected from 495 students attending public and private schools of the urban area of the city of Várzea Grande, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data were analyzed through descriptive, bivariate, and multiple Poisson regression analyses. RESULTS: a total of 19.7% students had tried a hookah. The use of hookah was associated with the final period of adolescence [PR = 6.54 (2.79, 15.32)]; enrollment in private schools [PR = 2.23 (1.73, 2.88)]; and presence of work activities [PR = 1.80 (1.17, 2.78)]. CONCLUSION: the proportion of adolescents that had tried a hookah was high. The influence of age, work activities, and class period on smoking initiation using the hookah was observed. Preventive measures encompassing all forms of tobacco smoking should be targeted at adolescents in the school environment, aiming at tobacco use control.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Criança , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Adulto Jovem , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Fumar/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Brasil/epidemiologia , Estudos Transversais , Distribuição de Poisson , Prevalência , Setor Privado , Setor Público , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , Fumar/epidemiologia , População UrbanaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence and to analyze factors associated with hookah use initiation among adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study, in which questionnaires were collected from 495 students attending public and private schools of the urban area of the city of Várzea Grande, in the state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Data were analyzed through descriptive, bivariate, and multiple Poisson regression analyses. RESULTS: A total of 19.7% students had tried a hookah. The use of hookah was associated with the final period of adolescence [PR=6.54 (2.79, 15.32)]; enrollment in private schools [PR=2.23 (1.73, 2.88)]; and presence of work activities [PR=1.80 (1.17, 2.78)]. CONCLUSION: The proportion of adolescents that had tried a hookah was high. The influence of age, work activities, and class period on smoking initiation using the hookah was observed. Preventive measures encompassing all forms of tobacco smoking should be targeted at adolescents in the school environment, aiming at tobacco use control.
Assuntos
Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Fumar/psicologia , Estudantes/psicologia , Adolescente , Brasil/epidemiologia , Criança , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Distribuição de Poisson , Prevalência , Setor Privado , Setor Público , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/epidemiologia , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Inquéritos e Questionários , População Urbana , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Serum samples collected from 547 equids in the Pantanal region of Brazil were evaluated for antibodies to Equine Infectious Anemia Virus (EIAV) by the agar gel immunodiffusion test. Risk factors associated with EIAV seropositivity were evaluated and spatial dependence investigated using a Spatial Lag Model. EIAV prevalence on farms in the Pantanal was 52.0% (13/25) with adjusted prevalence between equids of 31.5% (17.4-48.8% 95% CI). Intra-herd prevalence ranged from 5.0 to 77.0%. Statistical analysis demonstrated that farms and animals in regularly flooded areas had respectively 60 and 146 fold higher chance to be sero-positive than farms and animals located in non-flooded areas. Spatial Lag Model results were generally consistent with this conclusion although there was a negative spatial correlation between farms located within in regularly inundated regions, suggesting that other factors, such as management practices, probably play a significant role in transmission of EIAV. Equids with clinical signs were 3.74-fold more likely to be sero-positive than those without clinical signs. The results of this work reveal a high prevalence of EIAV in the Pantanal area of Brazil demonstrating that equids reared in this region are at great risk of infection.