RESUMO
The author highlights the importance of emotions in all ethical reflections. He describes the most common positions of ethicists employing duties and rights as the basis for ethical thought. The author, goes to Freudian theory as viewed by the utilitarians, stating that the 'quest for pleasure' is not necessarily egocentric, especially for adults. For example, the feeling of solidarity emerges 'from the inside out', making irrelevant all the emphasis laid on obedience to duty (from the outside in). The article questions the essence of Kantian theory, based exclusively on 'reason' with disregard for feelings, by establishing what he considers a 'positivist' view of rational thought. It emphasizes the principle of autonomy, which it seen as basically opposing the principles of beneficence and fairness. It is proposed that the latter should be seen as what he calls heteronomy (a concept different from that of the rational ethicists). In theory, autonomy is not assigned to anyone on the basis of an external assessment. Any intervention in individual autonomy must be made (by the intervenor) when it becomes imperative in the defense of social or cultural values. The article distinguishes between ethics and morals) and states that the sole acceptable ethical principle is that ethics (theoretically) has no principle.
Assuntos
Bioética , Adulto , Brasil , Criança , Emoções , Feminino , Teoria Freudiana , Direitos Humanos , Humanos , Legislação como Assunto , Masculino , Transtornos Mentais/terapia , Princípios Morais , Filosofia , Valores SociaisRESUMO
Objections to the present WHO (World Health Organization) definition of HEALTH, as "the state of perfect physical, mental and social well-being", are expressed. It is considered to be anachronistic, first because it aims at perfection which is unaltainelle because of district personality characteristics. As the main support for this idea, the necessary renunciation of part of man's drive to liberty in exchange for the lesser insecurity provided by social life (Freud, Castoriadis and McDougall), is groted. The validity of distinguishing between "soma", "psyche" and "society" is questioned and the concept of the "integrated man", alluding to Pierre Marty and to Freud himself is adapted, and situations are recalled in which the interaction of the three aspects mentioned above is actually evident. Finally, the notion of the quality of life, in accordance with an antipositivistic taken from Bion, point of view, is discussed, and the concept that reality is that of each human being, is adapted. This priority and the proposal to rescue subjectivism which was also observed by Foucault when he studied mental disease, leads to a last criticism of the present definition of health, based exclusively on external, objective evaluations.
Assuntos
Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Humanos , Organização Mundial da SaúdeAssuntos
Análise Ética , Ética Médica , Hepatectomia , Regeneração Hepática/fisiologia , Transplante de Fígado/legislação & jurisprudência , Medição de Risco , Doadores de Tecidos/legislação & jurisprudência , Obtenção de Tecidos e Órgãos/legislação & jurisprudência , Adulto , Brasil , Pré-Escolar , Revelação , Revisão Ética , Teoria Ética , Comissão de Ética/legislação & jurisprudência , Comitês de Ética Clínica , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Princípios Morais , Motivação , Autonomia Pessoal , Experimentação Humana TerapêuticaRESUMO
The author considers the doctor-patient relationship according to modern ethic concepts. He underscores the total respect owed to his individuality, providing him with all the data available on his health, so he may use it at his discretion. Next, he presents the concept of occupational health, pointing out its multiprofessional and multidisciplinary character, and specifying its level of activity (factory, labor union, government departments, etc.). He then details the extraordinary divergence of interests between the employer and the factory employee which often places the factory doctor, at least as viewed by workers, as an employer's accomplice. He stresses the importance of existing legal instruments, such as the Federal Constitution, the Labor Act, and the Medical Ethics Code as being ideologically progressive. However, he also points out the difficulties faced for an effective performance.
Assuntos
Ética Médica , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador , Medicina do Trabalho/legislação & jurisprudência , Relações Médico-Paciente , Brasil , Humanos , Recursos HumanosRESUMO
O atestado de obito e um documento medico legal fornecido pelo Ministerio da Saude.Consta de duas vias onde sao registrados todos os dados pessoais do morto ou dos pais em caso de obito fetal ou de crianca menor de 1 ano. O atestado de obito deve firmar o diagnostico da morte natural, sem assistencia medica, o Atestado de Obito e fornecido pelo SVO (Servico de Verificacao de Obito) e nas mortes violentas ou suspeitas o fornecimento do Atestado de Obito e de competencia do Instituto Medico Legal