RESUMO
BACKGROUND AND AIM: The excessive accumulation of lipid droplets (LDs) is a defining characteristic of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The interaction between LDs and mitochondria is functionally important for lipid metabolism homeostasis. Exercise improves NAFLD, but it is not known if it has an effect on hepatic LD-mitochondria interactions. Here, we investigated the influence of exercise on LD-mitochondria interactions and its significance in the context of NAFLD. APPROACH AND RESULTS: Mice were fed high-fat diet (HFD) or HFD-0.1 % methionine and choline-deficient diet (MCD) to emulate simple hepatic steatosis or non-alcoholic steatohepatitis, respectively. In both models, aerobic exercise decreased the size of LDs bound to mitochondria and the number of LD-mitochondria contacts. Analysis showed that the effects of exercise on HOMA-IR and liver triglyceride levels were independent of changes in body weight, and a positive correlation was observed between the number of LD-mitochondria contacts and NAFLD severity and with the lipid droplet size bound to mitochondria. Cellular fractionation studies revealed that ATP-coupled respiration and fatty acid oxidation (FAO) were greater in hepatic peridroplet mitochondria (PDM) from HFD-fed exercised mice than from equivalent sedentary mice. Finally, exercise increased FAO and mitofusin-2 abundance exclusively in PDM through a mechanism involving the curvature of mitochondrial membranes and the abundance of saturated lipids. Accordingly, hepatic mitofusin-2 ablation prevented exercise-induced FAO in PDM. CONCLUSIONS: This study demonstrates that aerobic exercise has beneficial effects in murine NAFLD models by lessening the interactions between hepatic LDs and mitochondria, and by decreasing LD size, correlating with a reduced severity of NAFLD. Additionally, aerobic exercise increases FAO in PDM and this process is reliant on Mfn-2 enrichment, which modifies LD-mitochondria communication.
Assuntos
Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Dieta Hiperlipídica , Ácidos Graxos/metabolismo , Gotículas Lipídicas/metabolismo , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fígado/metabolismo , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/metabolismoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Incisional hernias are among the most frequent complications of abdominal surgery, with an incidence of 4-10 % of patients [1]. The multidisciplinary approach according to the patient's needs and their comorbidities has been shown to improve postoperative outcomes. This case report highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach including cardiology, general surgery, plastic surgery anesthesiology and intensive care unit for abdominal wall reconstruction in a patient with heart failure and reduced ejection fraction. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We present a case of a 61-year-old patient with long-standing incisional hernia, without surgical correction due to the patient's condition and multiple comorbidities, advanced heart failure with reduced left ejection fraction (10-15 %) who underwent a multidisciplinary approach by cardiology, plastic surgery, anesthesiology, intensive care unit, and general surgery. DISCUSSION: The patient underwent abdominal wall reconstruction without complications. Due to multiple comorbidities, the patient was admitted in the ICU in the immediate postoperative period. He was discharged 9 days after surgery. The patient did not report long-term complications. CONCLUSION: Heart failure is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular complications during surgical hospitalization. In patients with multiple comorbidities, the multidisciplinary approach represents an essential strategy in order to improve the surgical outcome, reduce costs to the health care system, and improve the patient's quality of life.
RESUMO
Platelet activation plays a key role in cardiovascular diseases. The generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) has been described as a critical step required for platelet activation. For this reason, it is necessary to find new molecules with antiplatelet activity and identify their mechanisms of action. Mitoquinone (MitoQ) is a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant that reduces mitochondrial overproduction of ROS. In this work, the antiplatelet effect of MitoQ through platelet adhesion and spreading, secretion, and aggregation was evaluated. Thus MitoQ, in a non-toxic effect, decreased platelet adhesion and spreading on collagen surface, and expression of P-selectin and CD63, and inhibited platelet aggregation induced by collagen, convulxin, thrombin receptor activator peptide-6 (TRAP-6), and phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA). As an antiplatelet mechanism, we showed that MitoQ produced mitochondrial depolarization and decreased ATP secretion. Additionally, in platelets stimulated with antimycin A and collagen MitoQ significantly decreased ROS production. Our findings showed, for the first time, an antiplatelet effect of MitoQ that is probably associated with its mitochondrial antioxidant effect.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/farmacologia , Plaquetas/metabolismo , Compostos Organofosforados/farmacologia , Espécies Reativas de Oxigênio/metabolismo , Ubiquinona/análogos & derivados , Trifosfato de Adenosina/metabolismo , Animais , Plaquetas/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Colágeno/metabolismo , Humanos , Camundongos , Mitocôndrias/metabolismo , Oligopeptídeos/farmacologia , Selectina-P/metabolismo , Ésteres de Forbol/farmacologia , Ativação Plaquetária/efeitos dos fármacos , Tetraspanina 30/metabolismo , Ubiquinona/farmacologiaRESUMO
RESUMEN Para lograr rendimientos óptimos en la producción de plátano, se debe tener en cuenta la disponibilidad de nutrientes en el suelo, para así ajustar planes de fertilización adecuados. Con el fin de contribuir al estudio de la fertilidad de suelos cultivados con plátano en el departamento de Cundinamarca-Colombia, se realizó una caracterización química de suelos, en cuatro de los principales municipios productores. Se visitaron 146 fincas, ubicadas en Viotá, La Vega, La Palma y Chaguaní, donde se tomaron muestras de suelo, para análisis químico. Los resultados obtenidos fueron sometidos a un análisis de frecuencias, correlación lineal de Pearson y componentes principales, realizando, finalmente, una comparación de medias entre los cuatro municipios. Se observaron niveles bajos de P, S y Mg, medios de K, Ca y B, así como altas concentraciones de Zn, que pueden llegar a ser tóxicas para el cultivo de plátano. Por otro lado, las variables se agruparon en cuatro componentes asociados a: la capa de cambio del suelo, la reacción del suelo, la salinidad y la relación entre el P y Zn. Suelos de los municipios de La Vega y La Palma no presentaron variación en la capa de cambio y la reacción del suelo, caso contrario al observado en suelos de Viotá y Chaguaní. Entre suelos de los municipios, se presentaron diferencias significativas para las propiedades materia orgánica, Ca y Mg, así como desbalances catiónicos y pH fuertemente ácidos.
ABSTRACT To achieve optimum yields in plantain production, appropriate fertilization plans must be adjusted, for which the availability of nutrients in the soil must be taken into account. In order to contribute to the study of the fertility of soils cultivated with cooking banana in the province of Cundinamarca - Colombia, a chemical characterization of soils was carried out in four of the main producing municipalities. 146 farms located in Viotá, La Vega, La Palma and Chaguaní, were visited, and soil samples were taken for chemical analysis. The results obtained were subjected to a frequency analysis, Pearson's linear correlation and main components; finally making a comparison of means between the four municipalities. Low levels of P, S and Mg, medium of K, Ca and B were observed, as well as high concentrations of Zn that can be toxic for the plantain crop. On the other hand, the variables were grouped into four components associated with: the soil change layer, the soil reaction, the salinity and the relationship between P and Zn. Soils of the municipalities of La Vega and La Palma did not show variation in the change layer and soil reaction, contrary to that observed in Viotá and Chaguaní soils. Among the soils of the municipalities, there were significant differences for the properties of organic matter, Ca and Mg as well as cationic imbalances and strongly acidic pH.