RESUMO
Mucociliary clearance is one of the homeostatic systems of the respiratory mucosa. Alterations in mucociliary clearance have been extensively studied in asthma, but less frequently in allergic rhinitis. In rhinitis, conflicting results have arisen: while some authors reported no change, others noticed a reduction in nasal mucociliary clearance. The aim of this study was to compare the nasal mucociliary clearance in allergic and non-allergic patients with perennial rhinitis and a healthy control group. One hundred and three patients and 14 healthy control subjects were studied. Nasal mucociliary clearance was assayed with the saccharin test modified with a food dye to add a visual parameter. Patients were divided into allergic and non-allergic rhinitis according to the presence of three of the following factors: total serum IgE above 180 KIU/L, positive skin prick tests to a battery of standardized allergens relevant to Uruguay, family and personal history of atopic diseases, and blood eosinophilia above 450 cells/mm3. The aspect of the nasal mucosa was not considered for categorizing the patients. Fifty-seven patients (29 males, mean age: 22.2 years) with allergic perennial rhinitis and 46 patients (15 males, mean age: 24.8 years) with non-allergic perennial rhinitis were compared with 14 controls (6 males, mean age: 35 years). A significant difference in nasal mucociliary clearance was observed between the three groups, with a mean of 8.8 minutes for the controls, 10.27 minutes for allergic rhinitis and 11.73 minutes for non-allergic patients. We suggest that the differences we observed were due to changes in the rheology of nasal mucus as a consequence of the underlying inflammatory process in rhinitis.
Assuntos
Depuração Mucociliar , Rinite Alérgica Perene/imunologia , Rinite Alérgica Perene/fisiopatologia , Adulto , Eosinofilia , Feminino , Humanos , Imunoglobulina E/sangue , Inflamação , Masculino , Rinite Alérgica Perene/etiologia , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
A study of the prevalence of asthma in schoolchildren in Montevideo was undertaken with the use of an appropriate questionnaire. Data consisted of cumulative prevalence, point-prevalence, variations referred to sexes, the age of onset of symptoms and their variation of frequency, the duration of symptoms, personal and family history of atopy and the limitation attributed to asthma in schooling, sporting and physical activities. In the study entered 4,296 children, with a mean age of 12.3 years. Cumulative prevalence was 12.4% for the group with no difference between boys and girls. A tendency for a significant difference in cumulative prevalence was noted comparing industrial and suburban zones. Point-prevalence was 7.5% with no difference between sexes. The mean age of onset of asthma was 3.7 years for boys and 3.5 years for girls. Mean duration of symptoms was 7.6 years for boys and 7.4 years for the girls. Fourteen percent had a personal history and 11% a family history of eczema. Fifty-six percent had a personal history, while 55% a family history of rhinitis and 58% had a family history of asthma. These figures differ significantly from the non-asthmatic population sampled. Limitation in physical and sporting activities attributed to asthma was found in 35% of the boys and 41% of the girls.
Assuntos
Asma/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Asma/complicações , Asma/genética , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/complicações , Hipersensibilidade Imediata/genética , Masculino , UruguaiRESUMO
La puesta a punto para su aplicacion clinica del test de inhibicion de la migracion de leucocitos (L.I.F.), nos hizo vislumbrar la posibilidad de un test in vitro capaz de corroborar el diagnostico etiopatogenico de la dermatitis por contacto. Se han estudiado veintisiete (27) pacientes portadores de dermatitis por contactos de caracter profesional frente al cromo, cobalto y niquel, efectuando una correlacion entre los resultados obtenidos mediante la prueba del parche y el L.I.F.Hemos encontrado una concordancia del 100% en relacion al cromo, 90% en relacion al cobalto y 64% para el niquel. En los casos discordantes, L.I.F. positivo con prueba epicutanea negativa, se postula la hipotesis de estar frente a casos de sensibilizacion subclinica.El L.I.F. demostraria ser entoces una tecnica muy sensible, capaz de detectar precozmente niveles de sensibilizacion que incluso no han alcanzado el umbral necesario para adquirir expresividad en la prueba del parche
Assuntos
Dermatite de Contato , Fatores Inibidores da Migração de LeucócitosRESUMO
Se presentan tres casos de sindrome de Stevens-Johnson o eritema polimorfo mayor, estudiados en la Catedra de Pediatria del hospital "Dr. Pedro Visca" entre los meses de febrero y julio de 1979. En todos los pacientes existio el antecedente de administracion de drogas entre los 7 y 20 dias previos al inicio del cuadro clinico. Se realizo en ellos un estudio inmunologico "in vitro" para determinar la sensibilizacion medicamentosa por la tecnica de M.I.F. (prueba de inhibicion de la migracion leucocitaria). En los tres pacientes fue posible demostrar dicha sensibilizacion: en dos de ellos a la hidantoina y en el restante al acido acetisalicilico. Como una conclusion tentativa, se sugiere que la prueba de inhibicion de la migracion leucocitaria se aplique rutinariamente a todos los pacientes con sindrome de Stevens-Johnson, usando en cada caso la o las drogas mas sospechosas. Al identificar asi el agente causal, se podran evitar futuros accidentes de sensibilizacion
Assuntos
Eritema , Síndrome de Stevens-Johnson , Antibacterianos , Anticonvulsivantes , Aspirina , Fatores Inibidores da Migração de LeucócitosRESUMO
La puesta a punto para su aplicacion clinica del test de inhibicion de la migracion de leucocitos (L.I.F.), nos hizo vislumbrar la posibilidad de un test in vitro capaz de corroborar el diagnostico etiopatogenico de la dermatitis por contacto. Se han estudiado veintisiete (27) pacientes portadores de dermatitis por contactos de caracter profesional frente al cromo, cobalto y niquel, efectuando una correlacion entre los resultados obtenidos mediante la prueba del parche y el L.I.F.Hemos encontrado una concordancia del 100% en relacion al cromo, 90% en relacion al cobalto y 64% para el niquel. En los casos discordantes, L.I.F. positivo con prueba epicutanea negativa, se postula la hipotesis de estar frente a casos de sensibilizacion subclinica.El L.I.F. demostraria ser entoces una tecnica muy sensible, capaz de detectar precozmente niveles de sensibilizacion que incluso no han alcanzado el umbral necesario para adquirir expresividad en la prueba del parche