RESUMO
AIMS: To assess behavioural problems in adolescents with congenital and acquired heart disease in comparison with healthy controls. The perception of behavioural problems by the patients' parents was also assessed and compared. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 130 adolescents with congenital and acquired heart disease and 246 healthy controls. The second part of the Youth Self-Report was applied to the patients and controls, and the Child Behavior Checklist to the patients' parents. RESULTS: Male patients showed significantly fewer behavioural problems compared with male controls. No significant difference was found in the female gender. Healthy male adolescents scored significantly higher in the Internalising, Externalising, and in the Total Problems scales. Patients scored significantly higher only on the Social Problems subscale. Female patients in middle and late adolescence and male patients in early adolescence displayed more problems. No significant difference was found between the diagnostic groups. Operated patients did not differ from the non-operated ones. Patients scored significantly lower than did their parents. CONCLUSIONS: Male adolescents with cardiac disease reported fewer behavioural problems when compared with healthy controls, but no difference was observed in the female gender. Patients also reported fewer behavioural problems than did their parents. Adolescents with cardiac disease scored higher than did controls only on the Social Problems subscale. Analysing the patients' behavioural profile, female patients in middle and late adolescence and male patients in early adolescence were the most problematic ones. No difference was observed between the diagnostic groups, nor between operated and non-operated patients.
Assuntos
Transtornos do Comportamento Infantil , Cardiopatias/psicologia , Adolescente , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Escalas de Graduação Psiquiátrica , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
A Síndrome de Kabuki é um distúrbio bastante raro, com múltiplas anomalias congênitas. O objetivo do estudo foi descrever características comportamentais, cognitivas e sociais de uma criança com seis anos de idade com Síndrome de Kabuki, e suas implicações no processo escolar. Como resultados, verifica-se que a criança apresenta retardo mental moderado, com implicações comportamentais e sociais e problemas fonoarticulatórios. Tais características dificultavam sua inserção na escola regular e o convívio com os pares. O estudo das dificuldades apresentadas pela criança colaborou para que pais e professores pudessem atuar com mais eficácia no seu desenvolvimento.
Kabuki syndrome is a rare disorder whit multiple congenital anomalies. The objective of the study was to describe the behavioral, cognitive and social characteristics of a six-year-old boy with Kabuki Syndrome, and its implications in the school process. The result has proven that the child has moderate mental impairment, with behavioral and social implications and speech/hearing dysfunction. These characteristics difficult his normal inclusion in regular school and the interrelations with peers. A better understanding of the childs difficulties contributed so that the parents and the teachers could act more effectively in his development.
Assuntos
Criança , Comportamento Infantil , Educação de Pessoa com Deficiência Intelectual , Transtornos da Articulação , Anormalidades Congênitas , Educação InfantilRESUMO
O presente trabalho faz um breve histórico do estado atual sobre o estudo da enurese, fornecendo critérios diagnósticos. Trata-se de um trabalho de levantamento da presença da enurese noturna em crianças e adolescentes do município de São Paulo, tendo participado 670 pais ou responsáveis por crianças e adolescentes de 4 a 18 anos, com o objetivo de fornecer subsídios a pediatras e educadores para melhor atenderem à população enurética. O instrumento utilizado foi o "Child Behavior Checklist" CBCL. Foram encontrados casos de enurese em todas as faixas etárias. Na faixa etária não considerada EN pelo DSM IV, foram encontrados níveis mais elevados do que os encontrados na literatura. Quanto às diferenças entre gêneros foi encontrado que na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos os índices de EN são mais altos nas meninas, havendo uma inversão nas faixas etárias mais velhas, predominando significativamente o sexo masculino(AU)
The present work briefly presents the history of the current state of the study of enuresis, providing diagnostic criteria. It is a survey of the presence of nocturnal enuresis in children and adolescents of the city of São Paulo. The study involved the participation of 670 parents or guardians of children and adolescents between 4 and 18 years of age, with the objective of offering subsidies to pediatricians and educators so that they can provide better care for the enuretic population. The instrument utilized was the "Child Behavior Checklist" - CBCL. Enuresis cases were found in all age groups. In the age group not considered EN by the DSM IV, higher levels were found in comparison with our literature. Regarding differences between genders, it was found that in the age group of 4 to 5 years, EN levels are higher in girls, and there is an inversion in the older ages, in which the male sex significantly predominates.(AU)
RESUMO
O presente trabalho faz um breve histórico do estado atual sobre o estudo da enurese, fornecendo critérios diagnósticos. Trata-se de um trabalho de levantamento da presença da enurese noturna em crianças e adolescentes do município de São Paulo, tendo participado 670 pais ou responsáveis por crianças ou adolescentes de 4 a 18 anos, com o objetivo de fornecer subsídios a pediatras e educadores para melhor atenderem à população enurética. O instrumento utilizado foi o Child Behavior Checklist CBCL. Foram encontrados casos de enurese em todas as faixas etárias. Na faixa etária não considerada EN pelo DSM IV, foram encontrados níveis mais elevados do que os encontrados na literatura. Quanto às diferenças entre gêneros foi encontrado que na faixa etária de 4 a 5 anos os índices de EN são mais altos nas meninas, havendo uma inversão nas faixas etárias mais velhas, predominando significativamente o sexo masculino.
The present work briefly presents the history of the current state of the study of enuresis, providing diagnostic criteria. It is a survey of the presence of nocturnal enuresis in children and adolescents of the city of São Paulo. The study involved the participation of 670 parents or guardians of children and adolescents between 4 and 18 years of age, with the objective of offering subsidies to pediatricians and educators so that they can provide better care for the enuretic population. The instrument utilized was the "Child Behavior Checklist" - CBCL. Enuresis cases were found in all age groups. In the age group not considered EN by the DSM IV, higher levels were found in comparison with our literature. Regarding differences between genders, it was found that in the age group of 4 to 5 years, EN levels are higher in girls, and there is an inversion in the older ages, in which the male sex significantly predominates.