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BACKGROUND/AIM: During pregnancy, maternal liver can be affected by ethanol (ETOH) intake, whose effects depend on concentration levels ingested. This study aims to describe histological and serum marker characteristics of maternal liver during two metabolic conditions: gestation (G), and sustained ETOH intake, in early and late pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Wistar rats were fed with Lieber-DeCarli diet during pregnancy, following an experimental protocol that allows a semi-chronic intake of ETOH (5%). Liver and serum samples were processed for histological characterization and biochemical profiling. Hematoxylin/eosin and Schiff's Periodic Acid staining were used. RESULTS: During pregnancy, a significant elevation in ballooned and edamatous hepatocytes, and a significant increase in micro and macrovesicular deposits were observed in rats fed with the ETOH diet at gestation days 3G, 8G and 15G. These changes were reverted by 20G. Liver glycogen content increased significantly at 15G. Serum metabolites in pregnant rats fed with the ETOH diet showed a significant reduction in urea (from 3G to 15G), an increase in albumin and uric acid at 20G, and a reduction in creatinine. Number of offsprings and weight of male newborns were reduced by 20% and 14%, respectively. Liver function markers in serum showed no significant changes. CONCLUSION: ETOH diet intake promotes hepatic histological changes and histological modifications during pregnancy. These results support the assumption that pregnancy is an adaptive procedure that is associated with nutritional conditions and has a strong influence on hepatic histology. They suggest that pregnancy promotes a state of resilience to the liver function during the sustained intake of 5% ETOH.
Assuntos
Dieta , Fígado , Animais , Etanol , Feminino , Hepatócitos , Fígado/patologia , Masculino , Gravidez , Ratos , Ratos WistarRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND AIM: Intake of a high-carbohydrate, low-protein diet (HCD/LPD) during pregnancy promotes metabolic disturbances. It has been suggested that liver function during pregnancy contributes to the synthesis of proteins necessary for fetal development during this stage. The liver is a site of response to the synthesis of macronutrients such as proteins. However, it is unknown how HCD/LPD is associated with modifications to the amino acid profiles and hepatic alterations in the maternal environment during pregnancy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A transverse longitudinal study was done in primiparous mothers during gestation (G) (G1 day 1, G5 day 5, G15 day 15, and G20 day 20). Histological analysis was used to assess hepatic alterations, and amino acid profiles in the liver were analyzed with high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Food and water intake was quantified, and peripheral biochemical indicators in serum were measured. RESULTS: Mothers with HCD/LPD had increased micro and macro vesicles of fat, necrosis, and inflammation in the liver on G5. The total concentration of hepatic amino acids increased by 40% on G1, 17% on G5, and 25% on G15; and, there was a 12% decrease on G20. The following increases were observed in the liver on G1: arginine 68%, histidine 75%, alanine 18%, methionine 71%, and phenylalanine 51% (p>0.05); on G5: arginine 12%, methionine 34%, and phenylalanine 83% (p>0.05); on G15: arginine and phenylalanine 66%, tryptophan 81% and histidine 60.4% (p>0.05); and on G20: arginine 32% (p>0.05). No weight loss, changes in food consumption, or hepatomegaly occurred. CONCLUSIONS: HCD/LPD during pregnancy in primiparous mothers may promote development of fat vesicles. Possibly, this condition causes metabolic adaptations and nitrogen management reflected in decreased levels of serum urea and altered amino acid profiles in the liver.
Assuntos
Aminoácidos/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Animal , Dieta com Restrição de Proteínas , Carboidratos da Dieta/metabolismo , Proteínas Alimentares/metabolismo , Fígado/metabolismo , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Materna , Adaptação Fisiológica , Aminoácidos/administração & dosagem , Aminoácidos/toxicidade , Ração Animal , Animais , Dieta com Restrição de Proteínas/efeitos adversos , Carboidratos da Dieta/administração & dosagem , Carboidratos da Dieta/toxicidade , Proteínas Alimentares/administração & dosagem , Proteínas Alimentares/toxicidade , Feminino , Idade Gestacional , Metabolismo dos Lipídeos , Fígado/patologia , Estado Nutricional , Valor Nutritivo , Gravidez , Ratos Wistar , Ureia/sangueRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: The feeding behavior establishes a relation of humans with food, includes food habits that could be involved with oxidative stress. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relation of indicators of oxidative stress (lipid peroxides) and antioxidant (ascorbic acid, catalase, superoxide dismutase) with feeding behavior in adults of Teocuhitatlan Corona, Jalisco, Mexico. METHOD: Study observational, descriptive, cross-sectional of 44 adults with 43 to 88 years, was used a instrument of feeding behavior. The questionnaire were related to indicators of oxidative stress. Were used descriptive statistics, frequency distribution and analysis of covariance with adjustment variables, was considered significant p <0.05. RESULTS: The values of serum lipid peroxides were related to behaviors: consider the nutritional content as most important when choosing food (p = 0.042), dislike milk (p = 0.027), intake of sweets between meals (p = 0.001), habitual inclusion of vegetables and salads in main meal (p = 0.018). We do not found association in to values of ascorbic acid, cholesterol in low density lipoproteins and enzymatic activities of catalase and superoxide dismutase with food behaviors. DISCUSSION: The feeding behaviors analyzed in this study may be involved with development of oxidative stress and could be have protective or harmful effect in development to complications of chronic non-communicable diseases and aging in this population. This suggests to analyze demographic and socio-cultural aspects of region and besides analyzing the consumption and metabolic markers related to food.
Introducción: El comportamiento alimentario establece la relación del ser humano con la alimentación, comprende hábitos alimentarios que podrían intervenir en el desarrollo del estrés oxidativo. Objetivos: Evaluar la relación de indicadores de estrés oxidativo (lipoperóxidos) y capacidad antioxidante (ácido ascórbico, catalasa, superóxido dismutasa) con el comportamiento alimentario en adultos que residen en Teocuitatlán de Corona, Jalisco, México. Método: Estudio observacional, descriptivo, transversal, comparativo de 44 adultos de 43 a 88 años de edad. Se aplicó un instrumento de comportamiento alimentario. Los resultados del cuestionario se relacionaron con los indicadores de estrés oxidativo. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva, distribución de frecuencias y análisis de co-varianza con ajuste de variables, se consideró una significancia de p.
Assuntos
Antioxidantes/análise , Comportamento Alimentar , Estresse Oxidativo , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Dieta , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Feminino , Preferências Alimentares , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Con la finalidad de mejorar los servicios que ofrece, las condiciones físicas de instalaciones y equipo, y con ello generar una cultura de calidad en el trabajo, el Departamento de Recursos Materiales y Servicios del Instituto Tecnológico de Ciudad Guzmán (ITCG) es detectado como un área de oportunidad. Como propuesta de solución para mejorar esta área se implemento el sistema de administración de calidad 5S, una técnica de trabajo que crea un cambio en el comportamiento de los trabajadores, basada en cinco aspectos: clasificación, orden y limpieza, reforzado con estandarización y disciplina. En el presente trabajo se demuestra que el aprendizaje de la metodología 5S modifica el comportamiento, el ambiente de trabajo de un departamento y/o organización, propiciando el trabajo en equipo, para mejorar la comunicación, incrementar la motivación del personal y facilitar el cumplimiento de los objetivos establecidos. Los resultados demostraron que se logró establecer orden y limpieza; reducir el tiempo de búsqueda por herramienta en un 80% y de insumos en un 66,6%, y una ganancia de 20 m² en espacios ganados.
With the objective of improve services to public, equipment and facilities conditions, Department of material resources and services of technological Institute of Ciudad Guzmán (ITCG) is identified as an area of opportunity to generate a culture of quality in the work.. As a proposed solution to improve this area, a system of quality management was implemented (5s's), the working technique that creates a change in habits of workers, based on Classification, Order and Cleanliness, Standardization and Discipline reinforce. The present work shows that learning of the methodology 5S's, modifies; behavior, working environment of a department or organization, promoting teamwork, improving communication, increasing staff motivation and achievement of specific objectives. Results showed that it was to establish order and cleanliness; reduce search time by tool in 80%, on inputs a 66.6% and a gain of 20 m² in cattle spaces.
RESUMO
Diversos elementos proporcionan la información necesaria para el consumo de alimentos, entre ellos: el sabor, la textura y temperatura. Sin embargo, se requiere de su vinculación con la experiencia y las características ambientales para integrar el comportamiento alimentario. La evidencia experimental sugiere que el sexo y la interacción social son factores importantes para el consumo de alimentos. Esta investigación evaluó los efectos del género y de la interacción social sobre el consumo de alimentos. Adicionalmente, para tal objetivo se propone el uso del Catálogo Conductual de Interacción Alimentaria (CCIA). Participaron veinticuatro individuos de ambos sexos, entre 20 y 28 años, desconocidos entre ellos, fueron expuestos a diversos alimentos usuales y novedosos evaluando su interacción alimentaria. Los participantes fueron divididos en tres grupos. El grupo 1 fue integrado por hombres, el grupo 2 por mujeres y el grupo 3 por ambos géneros. Los resultados mostraron que el grupo 1 y 2 consumieron cantidades similares de alimento en comparación con el grupo 3 que presentó un escaso consumo. Se registró una fuerte influencia de las mujeres sobre los hombres para promover su consumo de alimento, fenómeno que fue denominado como "Efecto Eva". Concluimos que el género es un importante factor en el estudio del fenómeno alimentario.
Several elements provide information for food consumption, among them: flavor, texture and temperature. These elements related to environmental characteristics and experience integrate the feeding behavior. Experimental evidence suggests that sex and social interaction are important factors for food consumption. This study evaluated effects of sex and social interaction on food consumption. Additionally, our proposal is to use Behavioral Catalogue of Feeding Interaction (BCFI). Twenty-four human subjects, both sexes, between 20 and 28 years-old, which were not known between them, were exposed to different familiar and novel foods, evaluating the feeding interaction. Subjects were divided in three groups. First group was formed by man, second by woman; and third group by subjects of both sexes. Data suggest that group 1 and 2 registered similar food consumption in comparison with the group 3 that registered a little consumption. A strong influence of women was registered on men to stimulate its food consumption, phenomenon that was denominated "Eva Effect". We conclude that sex is an important factor in the study of feeding phenomenon.
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BACKGROUND: The obesity and abnormal blood glucose level has been associated with cervical cancer development; however, few studies have been performed about this relation. OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the blood glucose levels and body mass index (BMI) in women with human papilloma virus infection (HPV-I) and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN-I). PATIENTS AND METHOD: Transversal study of 44 women diagnosed with HPV-I and CIN-I from September to December 2010 in Dysplasia Clinic of Regional Hospital of Guzman City, Federal entity of Jalisco, Mexico. The diagnoses were carried by biopsy of cervix, glucose test results were evaluated by spectrophotometry and determinate the BMI. RESULTS: The 18% (n=8) of women were without injury, 41% (n=18), with HPV-I and 41% (n=18) CIN-I. High blood glucose was observed in GIN-I versus without injury in the cervix (p = 0.05), the correlation was OR = 2.6 (95% CI: 1.090-6.52). The young women (19-35 years) were 17% high glucose, 28% normal glucose and 55% low glucose. In group of the medium age (35-65 years) 23% showed high glucose, 50% normal and 27% low. The BMI was not relation with diagnosis, although in the age (young versus age median p=0.001). CONCLUSION: These results support the proposal about the high levels of glucose in plasma and obesity could be risk cofactors in the development of preneoplasic lesion of cervix.
Assuntos
Glicemia/análise , Índice de Massa Corporal , Infecções por Papillomavirus/sangue , Displasia do Colo do Útero/sangue , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/sangue , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Infecções por Papillomavirus/patologia , Lesões Pré-Cancerosas , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/patologia , Adulto Jovem , Displasia do Colo do Útero/patologiaRESUMO
Objective: to measure the risky behavior (RB) to alcohol consumption, the quality of life (QOL) and the association between both. Methods: a censal sample of 380 students (first year adolescents who entered a University Center in 2006) completed a self-administered on-line questionnaire based on the Spanish version of Youth Quality of Life- Research version (YQRL-R) perceptive module with four domains (general, personal, relationship, environment) and the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance YRBS 2007 from which it took four variables related to alcohol use and in addition sociodemographic variables. Logistic Regression Multinomial models were used to assess interaction effects and predict QOL based on RB by gender, employment and socioeconomic position. Results: we found that 60.5 % had drunk in the last 30 days and 24.1 % had a drinking binge, 40.1 % were in a car with a drunk driver and 12.4 % had driven a car after drinking. In QOL, the YQOL-R domain with smaller score was personal and we did not find differences by gender (p > 0.05). Conclusions: the alcohol use was associated to QOL in men, workers and with a middle-high and high socioeconomic position.
Objetivo: evaluar los comportamientos de riesgo de consumo de alcohol y su asociación con la calidad de vida. Métodos: a 380 estudiantes de 18 años y menos, que ingresaron al Centro Universitario del Sur en Guadalajara se les aplicó un instrumento basado en el Youth Quality of Life-Research Version (YQOL-R), con cuatro dominios, y en el Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance, del cual se tomaron cuatro variables sobre consumo de alcohol y variables sociodemográficas. Con modelos de regresión logística multinomial se estableció la asociación y predicción de la calidad de vida a partir de los comportamientos de riesgo por sexo, trabajo y nivel socioeconómico. Resultados: en los 30 días previos a la aplicación de los cuestionarios, 60.5 % de los estudiantes bebió y 24.2 % bebió intensamente, 41.1 % anduvo en un automóvil con un chofer que bebió y 12.4 % manejó bebido. En la calidad de vida, el índice total fue de 88.70 y el dominio del YQOL-R con menor índice fue el personal (84.05). Conclusiones: los modelos de comportamiento de riesgo de consumo de alcohol se asociaron con calidad de vida en los hombres, en quienes trabajan y en quienes tienen nivel socioeconómico alto, explicando 62, 85.9 y 55.7 % de la varianza, respectivamente.