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Sífilis é uma infecção sexualmente transmissível (IST) que sinaliza a necessidade de efetivas políticas públicas devido ao aumento de casos na última década. Dessa forma, o objetivo do trabalho é descrever a incidência de sífilis no estado do Rio de Janeiro e no município de Seropédica. Métodos: foi realizado um estudo descritivo, com abordagem quantitativa. A coleta dos dados foi realizada por meio do Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), referentes ao município de Seropédica e ao estado do Rio de Janeiro, no período de 2010 a 2022. Resultados: foram identificados 105.138, 79.609 e 42.819 casos de sífilis adquirida, em gestantes e congênita, respectivamente, no estado do Rio de Janeiro e 187, 140 e 79 casos de sífilis adquirida, em gestantes e congênita, respectivamente, no município de Seropédica. Foi observado uma incidência maior para sífilis adquirida entre homens em comparação com mulheres tanto no estado do Rio de Janeiro (62.719 versus 42.346) quanto no município de Seropédica (110 versus 77). Houve um aumento nas taxas de incidência de sífilis no estado do Rio de Janeiro e no município de Seropédica ao longo dos anos. Conclusão: a sífilis segue sendo uma doença com alta incidência no território do Rio de Janeiro. Nesse sentido, é importante elaborar estratégias em saúde pública mais efetivas às pessoas acometidas por tal infecção.
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection (STI) that signals the need for effective public policies due to the increase in cases in the last decade. Thus, the aim of this study is to describe the incidence of syphilis in the state of Rio de Janeiro and in the municipality of Seropédica. Methods: a descriptive study with a quantitative approach was carried out. Data collection was performed through the Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação (Sinan), referring to the municipality of Seropédica and the state of Rio de Janeiro, from 2010 to 2022. Results: overall, 105.138, 79.609 and 42.819 cases of acquired syphilis, in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis, respectively, were identified in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and 187, 140, and 79 cases of acquired syphilis, in pregnant women, and congenital syphilis, respectively, were identified in the municipality of Seropédica. A higher incidence of acquired syphilis was observed among men compared to women both in the state of Rio de Janeiro (62.719 versus 42.346) and in the municipality of Seropédica (110 versus 77). There has been an increase in the incidence rates of syphilis in the state of Rio de Janeiro and the municipality of Seropédica over the years. Conclusion: syphilis continues to be a disease with a high incidence in the territory of Rio de Janeiro. In this sense, it is important to develop more effective public health strategies for people affected by this infection.
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Humanos , Masculino , FemininoRESUMO
Atmospheric pollution can be defined as a set of changes that occur in the composition of the air, making it unsuitable and/or harmful and thereby generating adverse effects on human health. The regular practice of physical exercise (PE) is associated with the preservation and/or improvement of health; however, it can be influenced by neuroimmunoendocrine mechanisms and external factors such as air pollution, highlighting the need for studies involving the practice of PE in polluted environments. Herein, 24 male C57BL/6 mice were evaluated, distributed into four groups (exposed to a high concentration of pollutants/sedentary, exposed to a high concentration of pollutants/exercised, exposed to ambient air/sedentary, and exposed to ambient air/exercised). The exposure to pollutants occurred in the environmental particle concentrator (CPA) and the physical training was performed on a treadmill specially designed for use within the CPA. Pro- and anti-inflammatory markers in blood and bronchoalveolar lavage (BALF), BALF cellularity, and lung tissue were evaluated. Although the active group exposed to a high concentration of pollution showed a greater inflammatory response, both the correlation analysis and the ratio between pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines demonstrated that the exercised group presented greater anti-inflammatory activity, suggesting a protective/adaptative effect of exercise when carried out in a polluted environment.
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Poluentes Atmosféricos , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar , Citocinas , Camundongos Endogâmicos C57BL , Condicionamento Físico Animal , Animais , Masculino , Camundongos , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/química , Líquido da Lavagem Broncoalveolar/imunologia , Citocinas/metabolismo , Poluentes Atmosféricos/toxicidade , Poluentes Atmosféricos/análise , Inflamação/induzido quimicamente , Pulmão/efeitos dos fármacos , Poluição do Ar/análise , Poluição do Ar/efeitos adversos , Material Particulado/toxicidade , Material Particulado/análiseRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to evaluate software technical quality for collecting data from patients under palliative care. METHODS: this is methodological technology evaluation research, according to the technical standard International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission 25040-2011, developed from August 2021 to August 2023. Eight nurses and eight information technology professionals participated as judges, who evaluated six quality characteristics and 23 subcharacteristics. Items that reached a percentage of agreement greater than 70% were considered suitable. RESULTS: the characteristics evaluated by nurses/information technology professionals received the following percentages of agreement, respectively: functional suitability (94%-84%); reliability (100-70%); usability (89.9-66.8%); performance efficiency (95.8%-86.1%); compatibility (95.8-79.6%); and safety (96%-83.4%). CONCLUSIONS: the software was considered suitable in quality evaluation to offer support to nurses in collecting patient data under palliative care, with the potential to operationalize the first Nursing Process stage.
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Cuidados Paliativos , Software , Humanos , Cuidados Paliativos/normas , Cuidados Paliativos/métodos , Software/normas , Coleta de Dados/métodos , Coleta de Dados/normas , Reprodutibilidade dos TestesRESUMO
Corn (Zea mays) is the most widely planted crop in the world. Dalbulus maidis (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) is currently a primary corn pest. The starting point for the development of pest control decision-making systems is the determination of a conventional sampling plan. Therefore, this study aimed to determine a practical conventional sampling plan for D. maidis in corn crops. Insect density was evaluated in 28 commercial fields. Subsequently, D. maidis densities were sampled from fields ranging from 1 to 100 ha. Insect density conformed to a negative binomial distribution in 89.29% of the fields. The insect densities determined using the sampling plan had a low error rate (up to 15%). Sampling time and costs ranged from 2.06 to 39.45 min/ha and 0.09 to 1.81 USD/ha for fields of 1-100 ha, respectively. These results provide the first precise and representative conventional sampling plan for scouting D. maidis adults grown in corn fields. Therefore, the conventional sampling plan for D. maidis determined in this study is practical and can be incorporated into integrated pest management programs for corn crops owing to its representativeness, precision, speed, and low cost.
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The aquatic bug family Naucoridae (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Nepomorpha) is currently represented in Brazil by 68 species. Although the diversity of the family has been the target of several recent studies, large areas of the country are still unexplored and several species that have been deposited in entomological collections are waiting for a formal description. Aiming to fill these knowledge gaps, a series of expeditions were carried out in six states of eastern Brazil between 2018 and 2023: Alagoas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Pernambuco, and Sergipe. The fieldwork targeted protected areas, but surrounding regions were also explored. The material obtained, in addition to specimens previously deposited in a national entomological collection, revealed the existence of Australambrysus margaritifer Jordão, Santos and Moreira, a new species herein described, and new records for other 11 species and two subspecies belonging to the genera Carvalhoiella De Carlo, 1963, Limnocoris Stål, 1876, Maculambrysus Reynoso-Velasco and Sites 2021, and Pelocoris Stål, 1876.
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BACKGROUND: The relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and its possible determinants in post-COVID-19 survivors has not been systematically assessed. OBJECTIVES: To identify and summarize studies comparing cardiorespiratory fitness measured by cardiopulmonary exercise testing in COVID-19 survivors versus non-COVID-19 controls, as well as to determine the influence of potential moderating factors. METHODS: We conducted a systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Google Scholar, and SciELO since their inceptions until June 2022. Mean differences (MD), standard mean differences (SMD), and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were used to evaluate potential moderating factors. RESULTS: 48 studies (3372 participants, mean age 42 years, and with a mean testing time of 4 months post-COVID-19) were included, comprising a total of 1823 COVID-19 survivors and 1549 non-COVID-19 controls. After data pooling, VO2 peak (SMD=1.0 95% CI: 0.5, 1.5; 17 studies; N = 1273) was impaired in COVID-19 survivors. In 15 studies that reported VO2 peak values in mL/min/kg, non-COVID-19 controls had higher peak VO2 values than COVID-19 survivors (MD=6.2, 95% CI: 3.5, 8.8; N = 905; I2=84%). In addition, VO2 peak was associated with age, time post-COVID-19, disease severity, presence of dyspnea, and reduced exercise capacity. CONCLUSION: This systematic review provides evidence that cardiorespiratory fitness may be impaired in COVID-19 survivors, especially for those with severe disease, presence of dyspnea, and reduced exercise capacity. Furthermore, the degree of reduction of VO2 peak is inversely associated with age and time post-COVID.
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COVID-19 , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória , Teste de Esforço , Sobreviventes , Humanos , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória/fisiologia , COVID-19/fisiopatologia , Teste de Esforço/métodos , Consumo de Oxigênio/fisiologia , SARS-CoV-2RESUMO
Objetivos: Relatar a experiência do uso do lúdico por meio do painel interativo como estratégia para adesão à terapia antirretroviral em crianças vivendo com HIV para auxiliar na gestão do cuidado. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, do tipo relato de experiência, utilizando material educativo, tipo painel interativo, para educação em saúde, no período de 2019 a 2023. A experiência na aplicação da tecnologia envolveu diferentes momentos, como definição do plano terapêutico, conhecimento do público-alvo, construção do painel interativo, implantação do painel interativo. Resultados: Identificou-se que algumas crianças apresentaram resistência em ingerir medicamento diariamente, na tentativa de elaborar formas diferenciadas para estimular crianças e familiares sobre a importância da TARV, como proposta inicial, optou-se por utilizar o lúdico como ferramenta de educação em saúde, assim, ocorreu à construção do painel interativo. Desta forma, o lúdico estimula percepção do indivíduo acerca do mundo e da complexidade deste, de forma simplificada, tornando-o mais inserido em questões complexas. Conclusão: A implementação de estratégias lúdicas educacionais por meio de tecnologias, nos serviços da saúde, pode auxiliar na adesão ao tratamento medicamentoso, melhorando a assistência e a qualidade de vida de crianças com HIV. (AU)
Objectives: Report the experience of using play through the interactive panel as a strategy for adherence to antiretroviral therapy in children living with HIV to assist in care management. Methods: Descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, of the experience report type, using educational material, interactive panel type, for health education, from 2019 to 2023. The experience in applying the technology involved different moments, such as defining the therapeutic plan, knowledge of the target audience, construction of the interactive panel, implementation of the interactive panel. Results: It was identified that some children were resistant to taking medication daily, in an attempt to develop different ways to encourage children and families about the importance of ART, as an initial proposal, it was decided to use play as a health education tool, thus, the construction of the interactive panel took place.In this way, play stimulates the individual's perception of the world and its complexity, in a simplified way, making them more involved in complex issues. Conclusions: The implementation of playful educational strategies, through technology, in health services, can help with adherence to drug treatment, improving care and quality of life for children with HIV. (AU)
Objetivos: Informar la experiencia de utilizar el juego a través del panel interactivo como estrategia de adherencia a la terapia antirretroviral en niños viviendo con VIH para coadyuvar en la gestión del cuidado. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, cualitativo, del tipo relato de experiencia, utilizándose del material educativo, tipo panel interactivo, para educación en salud, 2019-2023. La experiencia en la aplicación de la tecnología involucró diferentes momentos, como definición del plan terapéutico, conocimiento del público objetivo, construcción del panel interactivo, implementación del panel interactivo. Resultados: Se identificó que algunos niños presentaban resistencia a la toma diaria de medicamentos, en intento de desarrollar diferentes formas de incentivar a los niños y familias sobre la importancia de las TAR, como propuesta inicial se decidió utilizar el juego como herramienta de educación para salud, así se llevó a cabo la construcción del panel interactivo. De esta manera, el juego estimula la percepción que tiene el individuo del mundo y su complejidad, de forma simplificada, involucrándolo más en cuestiones complejas. Conclusiones: La implementación de estrategias educativas lúdicas, por tecnología, en los servicios de salud, puede ayudar con la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico, mejorando la atención y calidad de vida de los niños con VIH. (AU)
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HIV , Enfermagem Pediátrica , Educação em Saúde , Adesão à MedicaçãoRESUMO
Termites are social insects with high species diversity in tropical ecosystems. Multivariate analysis with near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) and data interpretation can separate social insects belonging to different colonies of the same species. The objective of this study was to propose the use of discriminant analysis by partial least squares (PLS-DA) combined with NIRS to identify the colonial origin of the Syntermes grandis (Rambur, 1842) (Blattodea: Termitidae) in 2 castes. Six ground S. grandis colonies were identified and mapped; 30 workers and 30 soldier termites in each colony were submitted to spectral measurement with NIRS. PLS-DA applied to the termites' spectral absorbance was used to detect a spectral pattern per S. grandis colony by caste. PLS-DA regression with NIRS proved to be an approach with 99.9% accuracy for identifying the colonial origin of S. grandis workers and 98.3% for soldiers. The methodology showed the importance of qualitatively characterizing the colonial phenotypic response of this species. NIRS is a high-precision approach to identifying the colony origin of S. grandis workers and soldiers. The PLS-DA can be used to design ecological field studies to identify colony territorial competition and foraging behavior of subterranean termite species.
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Isópteros , Espectroscopia de Luz Próxima ao Infravermelho , Isópteros/fisiologia , Animais , Análise Discriminante , Análise dos Mínimos Quadrados , Comportamento SocialRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Smoking cessation is the best strategy for reducing tobacco-related morbimortality. The goal of this randomized controlled trial was to test whether using the genetically favorable markers to choose a smoking cessation drug treatment (precision medicine) was superior to using the most effective drug (varenicline) in terms of abstinence rates. Additionally, combination therapy was tested when monotherapy failed. METHODS: This partially blind, single-center study randomized (1:1) 361 participants into two major groups. In the genetic group (n=184), CYP2B6 rs2279343 (genotype AA) participants started treatment with bupropion, and CHRNA4 rs1044396 (genotype CT or TT) participants started treatment with varenicline; when genetic favorable to both, participants started treatment with bupropion, and when favorable to neither, on both drugs. In the control group (n=177), participants started treatment with varenicline, regardless of genetic markers. Drug treatment lasted 12 weeks. Efficacy endpoints were abstinence rates at Weeks 4, and Weeks 8-12, biochemically validated by carbon monoxide in exhaled air. Participants who did not achieve complete abstinence at Week 4, regardless of group, were given the choice to receive combination therapy. RESULTS: Abstinence rates were 42.9% (95% CI: 36-64) in the control group versus 30.4% (95% CI: 23-37) in the genetic group at Week 4 (p=0.01); and 74% (95% CI: 67-80) versus 52% (95% CI: 49-64) at Week 12 (p<0.001), respectively. The strategy of combining drugs after Week 4 increased abstinence rates in both groups and the significant difference between genetic and control groups was maintained. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that using these selected genetic markers was inferior to starting treatment with varenicline (control group), which is currently the most effective smoking cessation drug; moreover, the addition of bupropion in cases of varenicline monotherapy failure improves the efficacy rate until the end of treatment. CLINICAL TRIAL IDENTIFIER: NCT03362099.
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In this study, 3D-printing based on fused-deposition modeling (FDM) was employed as simple and cost-effective strategy to fabricate a novel format of rotating-disk sorptive devices. As proof-of-concept, twenty organochlorine and organophosphorus pesticides were determined in water samples through rotating-disk sorptive extraction (RDSE) using honeycomb-like 3D-printed disks followed by gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The devices that exhibited the best performance were comprised of polyamide + 15 % carbon fiber (PA + 15 % C) with the morphology being evaluated through X-ray microtomography. The optimized extraction conditions consisted of 120 min of extraction using 20 mL of sample at stirring speed of 1100 rpm. Additionally, liquid desorption using 800 µL of acetonitrile for 25 min at stirring speed of 1100 rpm provided the best response. Importantly, the methodology also exhibited high throughput since an extraction/desorption platform that permitted up to fifteen simultaneous extractions was employed. The method was validated, providing coefficients of determination higher than 0.9706 for all analytes; limits of detection (LODs) and limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 0.15 to 3.03 µg L-1 and from 0.5 to 10.0 µg L-1, respectively. Intraday precision ranged from 4.01 to 18.73 %, and interday precision varied from 4.83 to 20.00 %. Accuracy was examined through relative recoveries and ranged from 73.29 to 121.51 %. This method was successfully applied to analyze nine groundwater samples from monitoring wells of gas stations in São Paulo. Moreover, the greenness was assessed through AGREEprep metrics, and an overall score of 0.69 was obtained indicating that the method proposed can be considered sustainable.
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Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados , Limite de Detecção , Compostos Organofosforados , Praguicidas , Impressão Tridimensional , Poluentes Químicos da Água , Poluentes Químicos da Água/análise , Poluentes Químicos da Água/isolamento & purificação , Compostos Organofosforados/análise , Compostos Organofosforados/isolamento & purificação , Praguicidas/análise , Praguicidas/isolamento & purificação , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/análise , Hidrocarbonetos Clorados/isolamento & purificação , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , AdsorçãoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Physical activity and sedentary behavior are treatable traits that may impact asthma control in distinct manners, but this impact remains poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the influence of physical activity and sedentary behavior on clinical control in adults with moderate-to-severe asthma. METHODS: This cross-sectional, multicentric study included 426 individuals with moderate-to-severe asthma. Assessments included physical activity and sedentary time (actigraphy), clinical asthma control (Asthma Control Questionnaire [ACQ]), quality of life (Asthma Quality of Life Questionnaire), anxiety and depression symptoms (Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale), anthropometric data, and lung function. Participants were grouped according to physical activity levels and sedentary behavior. RESULTS: Participants who walked ≥7500 steps/day presented better ACQ scores than those who walked <7500 steps/day (P < .05), independent of sedentary status. The percentage of patients with controlled asthma was higher in the active/sedentary (43.9%) and active/nonsedentary (43.8%) groups than in the inactive/sedentary (25.4%) and inactive/nonsedentary (23.9%) groups (P < .02). The likelihood of having uncontrolled asthma according to the treatable traits of physical inactivity (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 2.36 [1.55-3.59]), higher anxiety (2.26 [1.49-3.42]), and depression symptoms (1.95 [1.28-2.95]) was significant (P ≤ .002). Obesity and sedentary time were not associated with asthma control. CONCLUSIONS: Our results show that ≥7500 steps/day is associated with better asthma control independent of sedentary time in adults with moderate-to-severe asthma. Physical inactivity, anxiety, and depression symptoms are associated with higher odds of uncontrolled asthma. These results suggest that interventions should mainly focus on increasing physical activity rather than reducing sedentary time.
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Asma , Exercício Físico , Qualidade de Vida , Comportamento Sedentário , Humanos , Asma/epidemiologia , Masculino , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto , Estudos Transversais , Ansiedade/epidemiologia , Depressão/epidemiologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Inquéritos e Questionários , IdosoRESUMO
This study aimed to assess the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and psychrotrophic bacteria in chilled Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus), a native South American fish, stored under chilling conditions (0 to 10 °C) through the use of predictive models under isothermal and non-isothermal conditions. Growth kinetic parameters, maximum growth rate (µmax, 1/h), lag time (tLag, h), and (Nmax, Log10 CFU/g) were estimated using the Baranyi and Roberts microbial growth model. Both kinetic parameters, growth rate and lag time, were significantly influenced by temperature (P < 0.05). The square root secondary model was used to describe the bacteria growth as a function of temperature. Secondary models, âµ = 0.016 (T + 10.13) and âµ =0.017 (T + 9.91) presented a linear correlation with R2 values >0.97 and were further validated under non-isothermal conditions. The model's performance was considered acceptable to predict the growth of Pseudomonas spp. and psychrotrophic bacteria in refrigerated Pacu fillets with bias and accuracy factors between 1.24 and 1.49 (fail-safe) and 1.45-1.49, respectively. Fish biomarkers and spoilage indicators were assessed during storage at 0, 4, and 10 °C. Volatile organic compounds, VOCs (1-hexanol, nonanal, octenol, and indicators 2-ethyl-1-hexanol) showed different behavior with storage time (P > 0.05). 1H NMR analysis confirmed increased enzymatic and microbial activity in Pacu fillets stored at 10 °C compared to 0 °C. The developed and validated models obtained in this study can be used as a tool for decision-making on the shelf-life and quality of refrigerated Pacu fillets stored under dynamic conditions from 0 to 10 °C.
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Bactérias , Pseudomonas , Animais , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Espectroscopia de Prótons por Ressonância Magnética , Temperatura , Microbiologia de Alimentos , Conservação de Alimentos , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Armazenamento de AlimentosRESUMO
The potential of H. virginiana L. was evaluated against Candida spp. (C. albicans, C. dubliniensis, C. glabrata, C. guilliermondii, C. krusei, and C. tropicalis) and bacteria (Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, and Streptococcus mutans). Effect on murine macrophages (RAW 264.7) was also evaluated with respect to cytotoxicity and production of cytokines (IL-1ß and TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO). The most effective concentrations of the extract were determined by microdilution broth. These concentrations were analyzed on biofilms, after 5 min or 24 h exposure. Cytotoxicity was performed by MTT assay and quantification of cytokines and NO by ELISA and Griess reagent, respectively. The extract acted against the planktonic forms and provided significant reductions of all the microbial biofilms; besides, showed no cytotoxic effect, except at 100 mg/mL, after 24 h exposure. There was cytokine production; however, a modulatory effect was observed in groups exposed to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from E. coli. NO production was similar or higher than the control group. Thus, H. virginiana L. extract showed antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects; absence of cytotoxicity for RAW 264.7; anti-inflammatory action; and potential to fight infections through the NO production.
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Anti-Infecciosos , Candida , Óxido Nítrico , Animais , Camundongos , Hamamelis , Candida albicans , Escherichia coli , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Anti-Infecciosos/farmacologia , Macrófagos , Anti-Inflamatórios/farmacologia , Citocinas , BiofilmesRESUMO
A systematic review (SR) requires several steps to be conducted. A major and initial challenge is to formulate a focused research question that may have high scientific relevance to provide evidence-based results and strategies. This narrative mini-review aims to present different categories of systematic reviews currently applied in Head and Neck Cancers (HNC), focusing on the strategies to provide results for evidence-based decision making. The SRs identified were of intervention, diagnostic testing, prognosis, in vitro and in vivo studies, prevalence, and epidemiological studies, and of association and risk factors. Focused questions that define the type of review, whether it is a therapy question (intervention), a question of prevalence or an outcome (prognosis) of disease, are discussed. Additionally, the importance in building interesting research questions and following all proposed steps to produce quality evidence are highlighted. This narrative mini-review may guide future research by showing how to perform and report relevant evidence in terms of HNC.
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Background: Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by the overproduction of white blood cells, leading to symptoms such as fatigue, infections, and other complications. CML patients must take measures to prevent infections to mitigate the exacerbation of cancer cell proliferation and comorbidities. Methods: This study investigated whether vitamin C can suppress the hyperinflammatory activation of K-562 cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and whether purinergic signaling (ATP and P2X7 receptor) and autophagy play a role in it. Two different doses of vitamin C (5 µg/mL and 10 µg/mL) were employed, along with the lysosome inhibitor chloroquine (CQ; 100 µM), administered 2 h prior to LPS stimulation (10 ng/mL) for a duration of 22 h in K-562 cells (3 × 105 cells/mL/well). Results: Both doses of vitamin C reduced the release of interleukin-6 (IL-6) (5 µg/mL, p < 0.01 and 10 µg/mL, p < 0.01) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) (5 µg/mL, p < 0.01 and 10 µg/mL, p < 0.01) induced by LPS. Furthermore, in LPS + CQ-stimulated cells, vitamin C at a concentration of 10 µg/mL inhibited the expression of LC3-II (p < 0.05). Conversely, both doses of vitamin C led to the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin-10 (IL-10) (5 µg/mL, p < 0.01 and 10 µg/mL, p < 0.01), while only the 10 µg/mL dose of vitamin C induced the release of Klotho (10 µg/mL, p < 0.01). In addition, both doses of vitamin C reduced the accumulation of ATP (5 µg/mL, p < 0.01 and 10 µg/mL, p < 0.01) and decreased the expression of the P2X7 receptor at the mRNA level. Conclusions: Vitamin C inhibits the hyperinflammatory state induced by LPS in K-562 cells, primarily by inhibiting the ATP accumulation, P2X7 receptor expression, and autophagy signaling.
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Leucemia Mielogênica Crônica BCR-ABL Positiva , Lipopolissacarídeos , Humanos , Lipopolissacarídeos/farmacologia , Ácido Ascórbico/farmacologia , Receptores Purinérgicos P2X7 , Autofagia , Trifosfato de Adenosina/farmacologiaRESUMO
PURPOSE: This study examined the clinimetrics of the Brazilian-Portuguese translation of the Grade-4/5 Motor Activity Log (MAL 4/5), which assesses everyday use of the more affected upper-limb (UL) in stroke survivors with moderate/severe or severe motor impairment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The translated MAL 4/5 was administered to 47 stroke survivors with moderate/severe or severe UL motor impairment. Accelerometers were worn on participants' wrists for five days on average prior to the first assessment. Test-retest and inter-rater reliabilities were assessed using the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), internal consistency using Cronbach's α, and construct validity was tested with correlations with the accelerometry. The measurement error (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) were calculated. RESULTS: MAL4/5-Brazil's test-retest reliability (AOU: ICC = 0.84; QOU: ICC = 0.90), inter-rater reliability (AOU: ICC = 0.83; QOU: ICC = 0.91), internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.91 and 0.95 for AOU and QOU scales, respectively), the SEM and MDC were 0.3 and 0.8 points for the AOU subscale and 0.2 and 0.5 points for the QOU subscale, respectively. The construct validity (AOU scale: r = 0.67; QOU scale: r = 0.76) was high. CONCLUSION: Grade-4/5 Motor Activity Log-Brazil is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing the more-affected UL use of stroke patients with moderate/severe or severe UL motor impairments.
Reliability and concurrent validity of the Grade-4/5 MAL-Brazil were established in adults with hemiparesis moderate/severe or severe upper extremity post Stroke.The minimum detectable change for the Grade-4/5 MAL-Brazil was 0.8 points for the Amount of Use scale and 0.5 points for the Quality of Use scale.Data from the accelerometry supports the construct validity of this instrument.The assessment can now be used clinically and for research in adults with impairment upper extremity moderate/severe or severe post Stroke.
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Este artigo analisa o contexto dos efeitos da política de residência em área profissional da saúde no estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, por meio do referencial teórico-analítico da Abordagem do Ciclo de Políticas. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo que utilizou entrevista semiestruturada com nove atores-chave e pesquisa documental, explorada pela análise de conteúdo temática. Como resultados da política, observaram-se: fortalecimento do papel do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) na regulação da formação, elevada qualificação dos profissionais de saúde, qualidade do cuidado e ampliação do acesso. O investimento na implementação da política, enquanto lócus privilegiado de articulação entre ensino, serviço e comunidade, potencializa o alcance da integralidade da atenção ao mesmo tempo que contribui para avançar as mudanças necessárias na formação superior em Saúde e nas práticas de cuidado, ainda que persistam limites.(AU)
Using the policy cycle approach, this study analyzed the effects of health residency policy in the state of Pernambuco, Brazil. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews with nine key actors and document research. The data were analyzed using thematic content analysis. The following policy results were observed: strengthening of the Brazilian National Health System (SUS) role in the regulation of training; an increase in the level of qualification of health professionals; improvements in health care quality and access. Despite limitations, investment in the implementation of the policy as the locus of coordination between teaching, service and community enhances the reach of the comprehensiveness of care while at the same time driving the necessary changes to higher education in health and care practices.(AU)
Este artículo analiza el contexto de los efectos de la política de residencia en área profesional de la salud en el estado de Pernambuco, Brasil, por medio del referencial teórico-analítico del Abordaje del Ciclo de Políticas. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo que utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada con nueve actores clave y una investigación documental, analizados por medio del análisis de contenido temático. Como resultados de la política, se observó: fortalecimiento del papel del Sistema Brasileño de Salud (SUS) en la regulación de la formación; elevada calificación de los profesionales de salud; calidad del cuidado y ampliación del acceso. La inversión en la implementación de la política, como locus privilegiado de articulación entre enseñanza, servicio y comunidad, potencia el alcance de la integralidad de la atención, al mismo tiempo que contribuye para hacer que avancen los cambios necesarios en la formación superior en salud y en las prácticas de cuidado, aunque persistan límites.(AU)
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives: to evaluate software technical quality for collecting data from patients under palliative care. Methods: this is methodological technology evaluation research, according to the technical standard International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Commission 25040-2011, developed from August 2021 to August 2023. Eight nurses and eight information technology professionals participated as judges, who evaluated six quality characteristics and 23 subcharacteristics. Items that reached a percentage of agreement greater than 70% were considered suitable. Results: the characteristics evaluated by nurses/information technology professionals received the following percentages of agreement, respectively: functional suitability (94%-84%); reliability (100-70%); usability (89.9-66.8%); performance efficiency (95.8%-86.1%); compatibility (95.8-79.6%); and safety (96%-83.4%). Conclusions: the software was considered suitable in quality evaluation to offer support to nurses in collecting patient data under palliative care, with the potential to operationalize the first Nursing Process stage.
RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la calidad técnica del software para la recolección de datos de pacientes en cuidados paliativos. Métodos: se trata de una investigación metodológica de evaluación de tecnología, según la norma técnica International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Comission 25040-2011, desarrollada de agosto de 2021 a agosto de 2023. Participaron como jueces ocho enfermeros y ocho profesionales de tecnologías de la información, quienes evaluaron seis características de calidad y 23 subcaracterísticas. Se consideraron adecuados los ítems que alcanzaron un porcentaje de acuerdo superior al 70%. Resultados: las características evaluadas por enfermeros/profesionales de tecnologías de la información recibieron los siguientes porcentajes de acuerdo, respectivamente: adecuación funcional (94%-84%); confiabilidad (100-70%); usabilidad (89,9-66,8%); eficiencia del desempeño (95,8%-86,1%); compatibilidad (95,8-79,6%); y seguridad (96%-83,4%). Conclusiones: el software fue considerado adecuado en la evaluación de calidad para ofrecer apoyo a los enfermeros en la recolección de datos de los pacientes en cuidados paliativos, con potencial para operacionalizar la primera etapa del Proceso de Enfermería.
RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a qualidade técnica de software para coleta de dados de pacientes sob cuidados paliativos. Métodos: trata-se de pesquisa metodológica de avaliação de tecnologia, conforme norma técnica International Organization for Standardization/International Electrotechnical Comission 25040-2011, desenvolvida de agosto de 2021 a agosto de 2023. Participaram oito enfermeiros e oito profissionais de tecnologia da informação como juízes, os quais avaliaram seis características e 23 subcaracterísticas de qualidade. Consideraram-se adequados os itens que atingiram porcentual de concordância superior a 70%. Resultados: as características avaliadas pelos enfermeiros/profissionais de tecnologia da informação receberam os seguintes porcentuais de concordância, respectivamente: adequação funcional (94%-84%); confiabilidade (100-70%); usabilidade (89,9-66,8%); eficiência de desempenho (95,8%-86,1%); compatibilidade (95,8-79,6%); e segurança (96%-83,4%). Conclusões: o software foi considerado adequado na avaliação de qualidade para oferecer suporte ao enfermeiro na coleta de dados do paciente em cuidados paliativos, com potencial para operacionalizar a primeira etapa do Processo de Enfermagem.
RESUMO
AIM: To evaluate the bleaching efficacy and effects on enamel properties of experimental gels with carbamide peroxide (CP; 10%) or hydrogen peroxide (HP; 6%) containing calcium polyphosphate sub-microparticles (CaPPs). METHODS: A total of 216 bovine tooth specimens were divided for microhardness and color analyses (n = 108) and block randomized into nine groups (n = 12): (G1) commercial CP (Whiteness Perfect, FGM; Brazil); (G2) experimental CP; (G3) CP-0.5%CaPPs; (G4) CP-1.5%CaPPs; (G5) commercial HP (Potenza Bianco, PHS; Brazil); (G6) experimental HP; (G7) HP-0.5%CaPPs; (G8) HP-1.5%CaPPs; (G9) artificial saliva. The gels' pH values were determined with a bench pH meter. Color (ΔE, ΔE00, ΔWID) and microhardness variation were evaluated before and after the therapy. Part of the specimens used for microhardness was submitted to the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (n = 3) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy EDX (n = 3) analyses. Statistical analyses were performed in the R statistical software (α = 0.05). Linear mixed models for repeated measures in time were used to analyze microhardness and L* values. Generalized linear models were used to analyze the a*, b*, ΔE, ΔE00, and ΔWID, considering a group effect. The EDX data were analyzed using a one-way ANOVA with Tukey's test. RESULTS: The gels' pH remained over 6,0. All gels effectively bleached the specimens and did not differ significantly. When compared to the control group, the hardness was significantly lower in the G1, G2, G6, and G7 groups. The G3, G4, G5, and G8 groups did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The incorporation of CaPPs in low-concentration whitening gels reduces its negative effects on microhardness without interfering with their bleaching efficacy.
Assuntos
Peróxido de Carbamida , Esmalte Dentário , Géis , Peróxido de Hidrogênio , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura , Polifosfatos , Clareadores Dentários , Clareamento Dental , Bovinos , Esmalte Dentário/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Peróxido de Hidrogênio/química , Clareadores Dentários/farmacologia , Clareadores Dentários/química , Polifosfatos/farmacologia , Polifosfatos/química , Clareamento Dental/métodos , Peróxido de Carbamida/farmacologia , Dureza , Propriedades de Superfície , Espectrometria por Raios X , Técnicas In Vitro , Cor , Peróxidos/farmacologia , Ureia/análogos & derivados , Ureia/farmacologia , Ureia/química , Concentração de Íons de Hidrogênio , Tamanho da PartículaRESUMO
Objetivo: Analisar a expressão fenotípica de fatores de virulência em biofilmes de Candida albicans frente a extratos glicólicos de plantas. Material e Métodos: Os biofilmes de Candida albicans (ATCC 18804) obtidos a partir de incubação de 48 horas foram expostos por 5 minutos e 24 horas a diferentes concentrações de extratos glicólicos de Hamamelis virginiana e Persea americana, Cynara scolymus L e Stryphnodendron barbatiman M, a fim de verificar a ação antifúngica da proteinase, fosfolipase e hemolisina. Resultados: Todos os extratos foram eficazes na redução do biofilme. Em contato por 5 minutos. os extratos reduziram 50% do biofilme. Após 24 horas. o extrato de Persea americana apresentou o biofilme em 90%, seguido de Cynara scolymus, que o interrompeu em 85%. Houve mudança na intensidade da proteinase após 5 minutos e 24 horas, com uma atividade enzimática média de 0,69 em comparação com o controle de 0,49. Cynara scolymus foi o extrato com maior concentração média de 100 mg/ml; a intensidade da fosfolipase foi alterada com Stryphnodendron barbatiman sendo mais efetivo em 24 horas em relação ao controle (p< 0,0001). A secreção de hemolisina foi modificada por Hamamelis virginiana (12,5 mg/ml) após 5 minutos de exposição e em 24 horas. todos os extratos foram capazes de causar alterações na secreção. Conclusão: Os extratos testados apresentam potencial antifúngico em biofilmes de Candida albicans, implicando em redução significativa dos fatores de virulência. Assim, estes podem ser indicados como uma ferramenta terapêutica alternativa para reduzir a morbidade dessas infecções, já que em ambos os tempos de exposição investigados, eles foram capazes de reduzir a secreção enzimática do fungo (AU)
Objective: Analyze the phenotypic expression of virulence factors in Candida albicans biofilms against plant glycolicextracts. Material and Methods: The biofilms of Candida albicans (ATCC 18804) obtained from incubation for 48 hours were exposed for 5 minutes and 24 hours to different concentrations of glycolic extracts of Hamamelis virginiana and Persea americana, Cynara scolymus L and Stryphnodendron barbatiman M, in order to verify the antifungal activity of the proteinase, phospholipase and hemolysin. Results: All extracts were effective in reducing biofilm. In contact for 5 minutes. the extracts reduced 50% of the biofilm. After 24 hours, the Persea americanaextract showed the biofilm at 90%, followed by Cynara scolymus, which interrupted it at 85%, There was a change in proteinase intensity after 5 minutes and 24 hours. with an average enzymatic activity of 0.69 compared to the control of 0.49. Cynara scolymus was the extract with the highest mean concentration of 100 mg/ml; the phospholipase intensity was changed with Stryphnodendron barbatiman being more effective in 24 hours compared to the control (p< 0.0001). The hemolysin secretion was modified by Hamamelis virginiana (12.5 mg/ml) after 5 minutes of exposure, and in 24 hours. all extracts were capable to cause changes in secretion. Conclusion: The tested extracts have antifungal potential in Candida albicans biofilms, implying a significant reduction in virulence factors. Thus, these can be indicated as an alternative therapeutic tool to reduce the morbidity of these infections, as in both investigated exposure times. they were able to reduce theenzymatic secretion of the fungus (AU)