RESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is no systematic review assessing the effectiveness of interferential current (IC) in patients with low back pain. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effectiveness of IC in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain. METHODS: The databases PUBMED, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and SCIELO were searched. Randomized controlled trials reporting pain intensity and disability in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain, in which IC was applied were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the PEDro scale. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. RESULTS: Thirteen RCTs were considered eligible for this systematic review (pooled n = 1367). Main results showed moderate-quality evidence and moderate effect sizes that IC probably reduces pain intensity and disability compared to placebo immediately post-treatment (Pain: MD = -1.57 points; 95% CI -2.17, -0.98; Disability: MD = -1.51 points; 95% CI -2.57, -0.46), but not at intermediate-term follow-up. Low-quality evidence with small effect size showed that IC may reduce pain intensity (SMD = -0.32; 95% CI -0.61, -0.03, p = 0.03) compared to TENS immediately post-treatment, but not for disability. There is very low-quality evidence that IC combined with other interventions (massage or exercises) may not further reduce pain intensity and disability compared to the other interventions provided in isolation immediately post-treatment. CONCLUSION: Moderate-quality evidence shows that IC is probably better than placebo for reducing pain intensity and disability immediately post-treatment in patients with chronic non-specific low back pain.
Assuntos
Dor Crônica , Pessoas com Deficiência , Dor Lombar , Humanos , Dor Lombar/terapia , Terapia por Exercício/métodos , Medição da Dor , Dor Crônica/terapiaRESUMO
Introdução: Muitos esforços têm sido realizados para estimar as forças que atuam em um corpo em movimento e como essas forças são controladas pelo sistema nervoso central (SNC) para gerar movimentos rápidos e precisos. O entendimento dessas forças e como elas são controladas são de fundamental importância para aqueles que trabalham com o movimento humano. Objetivo: Este estudo tem como objetivo esclarecer, de forma didática, conceitos importantes da cinemática e da cinética, conduzindo o leitor da compreensão de princípios simples a aplicação dos mesmos nas equações de movimento. Metodologia: Este trabalho foi elaborado a partir de uma revisão da literatura nas principais bases de dados da área no período de 1967 a 2009. Resultados: Através da dinâmica inversa é possível calcular os torques musculares e de interação gerados nas articulações. Conclusão: A dinâmica inversa, como uma ferramenta da cinética tem dado uma contribuição importante para as áreas de Controle Motor, Fisioterapia e Reabilitação no sentido de descrever o padrão de geração e coordenação das forças que movem as articulações. Essa descrição tem sido feita para uma grande variedade de tarefas motoras e sua aplicabilidade tem sido estendida para pacientes com disfunção motora.
Introduction: Several studies have been done to determine the forces acting at body during movements and how these forces are controlled by central nervous system (CNS) to generate fast and accurate movements. The knowledge of these forces and how they are controlled are important to professionals that work with human movement. Objective: The goal of this study was to explain, in a didactic way, important concepts related to kinematics and kinetics, conducting the reader from the understanding of simple principles to application of these principles in the motion equations. Methods: This study is a literature review including articles published since 1967 on the main databases from the area. Results: Using the dynamics inverse is possible to calculate the muscle and interaction torques generated at joints. Conclusion: The Inverse Dynamics, has a kinetics tool, has contributed with Motor Control, Physical Therapy, and Rehabilitation areas, helping to describe the generation and coordination pattern of the forces which move the joints. This description has been done to several motor tasks and your application has been extended to handicapped patients.