RESUMO
Obesity and osteoporosis may have their origins in early postnatal life. This study was designed to evaluate whether flaxseed flour use during lactation period bears effect on body adiposity and skeletal structure of male rat pups at weaning. At birth, male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to control and experimental (FF) groups, whose dams were treated with control or flaxseed flour diet, respectively, during lactation. At 21 days of age, pups were weaned to assess body mass, length and composition by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. The animals were then sacrificed to carry out analysis of serum profile, intra-abdominal adipocyte morphology and femur characteristics. Differences were considered significant when P<0.05. The FF group displayed the following characteristics (P<0.05): higher body mass, length, bone mineral content, bone area and concentrations of osteoprotegerin, osteocalcin and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; higher levels of stearic, α-linolenic, eicosapentaenoic and docosapentaenoic acids and lower levels of arachidonic acid and cholesterol; smaller adipocyte area; and higher mass, epiphysis distance, diaphysis width, maximal load, break load, resilience and stiffness of femur. Flaxseed flour intake during lactation period promoted adipocyte hypertrophy down-regulation and contributed to pup bone quality at weaning.
RESUMO
Dopamine receptor type 3 (DRD3) expressed in the limbic system sites involved in the regulation of GnRH seems to play a role in neuroendocrine control. We hypothesized that women with chronic anovulation should show exacerbated secretion of prolactin (PRL) after thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test, having more chances for dopamine inhibitory dysfunction due to alterations in the structure of DRD3. The DRD3-coding region was evaluated in 60 women with chronic anovulation (35 without and 25 with hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation), and in 34 controls. Statistically similar frequencies of homozygous AGC polymorphism (43.4 and 33.4%) and heterozygous polymorphism (33.4 and 47.9%) at position 9 were found in controls and patients, respectively. Homozygous GCG polymorphism at position 17 was identified in 3.4% of the patients, while heterozygosis occurred in 20.8% of the patients and in 6.6% of the controls. The novel 41563_41567delTAAGT polymorphism of DRD3 was identified in 14.7% of the controls and 8.6% of the women with chronic anovulation displaying hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation. Alteration 41563_41567delTAAGT of DRD3 was not found in patients who did not show hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation. Normal baseline and peak levels of PRL and thyroid-stimulating hormone were similar for women with and without 41563_41567delTAAGT in the DRD3 gene. It is concluded that the novel polymorphism in DRD3 identified in this study is not associated with the response of PRL to TRH stimulation in women with chronic anovulation.
Assuntos
Anovulação/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Receptores de Dopamina D3/genética , Anovulação/etiologia , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doença Crônica , Feminino , Frequência do Gene , Genótipo , Humanos , Prolactina/metabolismo , Tireotropina/farmacologiaRESUMO
Dopamine receptor type 3 (DRD3) expressed in the limbic system sites involved in the regulation of GnRH seems to play a role in neuroendocrine control. We hypothesized that women with chronic anovulation should show exacerbated secretion of prolactin (PRL) after thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) stimulation test, having more chances for dopamine inhibitory dysfunction due to alterations in the structure of DRD3. The DRD3-coding region was evaluated in 60 women with chronic anovulation (35 without and 25 with hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation), and in 34 controls. Statistically similar frequencies of homozygous AGC polymorphism (43.4 and 33.4%) and heterozygous polymorphism (33.4 and 47.9%) at position 9 were found in controls and patients, respectively. Homozygous GCG polymorphism at position 17 was identified in 3.4% Type 3 dopaminergic receptor in chronic anovulationof the patients, while heterozygosis occurred in 20.8% of the patients and in 6.6% of the controls. The novel 41563_41567delTAAGT polymorphismof DRD3 was identified in 14.7% of the controls and 8.6% of the women with chronic anovulation displaying hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation. Alteration 41563_41567delTAAGT of DRD3 was not found in patients who did not show hyperresponse of PRL after TRH stimulation. Normal baseline and peak levels of PRL and thyroid-stimulating hormone were similar for women with and without 41563_41567delTAAGT in the DRD3 gene. It is concluded that the novel polymorphism in DRD3 identified in this study is not associated with the response of PRL to TRH stimulation in women with chronic anovulation.