RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthritis is a musculoskeletal disease that can lead to the loss and inability of those affected to perform normal daily functions, which leads to a decrease in quality of life. The main symptoms of osteoarthritis are tenderness, joint pain, stiffness, crepitus, limited movement, and local inflammation. AREAS COVERED: The selected patents were deposited from 2010 to April 2022 involving 57 documents that were in line with the study objective in the final selection. The patents were classified in years, country, and applicants. Also, the therapeutic fields that presented the most documents were electrical stimulation, phototherapy, and ultrasound, followed by magnetic, electromagnetic, and thermotherapy. Therefore, the most current therapies used in the documents are already on the market. EXPERT OPINION: Although the OA is cureless, non-surgical treatments are classified as the primary management approach for this disease. The pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies are employed to reduce its prevalence and ensure the effectiveness of treatments. A strategy for relieving OA symptoms is non-pharmacological treatment, which can be based on exercise and patient education, combined with other alternative therapies. These therapies are used as supplements to the main OA treatments, enhancing the effectiveness of treatment outcomes.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Objective: Assessing whether it is possible screening women with osteoporosis through geometric morphometrics based on panoramic x-ray. Materials and Methods: Leukoderma women, after menopause, 40 years old (or older), with confirmed medical diagnosis of presence, or absence, of osteoporosis through bone densitometry examination. (N = 62). Measurements taken through panoramic X-ray based on geometric morphometrics. All x-rays were taken twice by the same researcher. Procrustes superimposition was assessed through Cartesian coordinates generated from anatomic landmark and semilandmarks. Regression Analysis, Multivariate Analysis of Variance (MANOVA), discriminant function and cross validation analysis, and Thin plate spliness in MorphoJ software were carried out. Subsequently, Fluctuating Asymmetry Analysis (FA) was conducted and ANOVA was performed to assess differences in centroid size. Results: Significant values were recorded for mandible shape (p<0.01) through MANOVA. Significant values (P<0.01) were also found through discriminant function analysis between groups of women with, and without, osteoporosis. Fluctuating asymmetry analysis showed significant differences in mandible shape and size between sides (p<0.01). Conclusions: Geometric morphometrics proved to be effective in screening and identifying elderly leukoderma women with, or without, osteoporosis based on panoramic x-rays. This is a promising technique to diagnose or identify patients with some health condition.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Resumo Objetivo: identificar a prevalência e determinar a previsibilidade de impactação de caninos superiores permanentes com base em uma amostra de radiografias panorâmicas na região Sudoeste da Bahia, Brasil. Métodos: realizou-se um estudo epidemiológico transversal retrospectivo, em que foram analisadas 5.611 radiografias panorâmicas. No primeiro estudo, houve análise de 4.987 radiografias de pacientes com idades entre 15 a 54 anos, em fase de dentadura permanente, para identificar a prevalência de caninos impactados. O segundo estudo contou com 624 indivíduos em fase de dentadura mista, entre 8 e 14 anos, em que método empregado foi a localização de caninos impactados a partir da determinação da previsibilidade. Foram realizados cálculo amostral e análise estatística descritiva, através do teste qui-quadrado. Resultados: foram encontrados 53 casos de caninos impactados com rizogênese completa dentro do estudo de prevalência, assim como uma média de idade de 27,4 anos entre o sexo feminino (60,3%) e o masculino (39,7%). Foram encontrados 46 casos de uma possível impactação em indivíduos com idade média de 11,7 anos, sendo 54,3% do sexo masculino e 45,7% do feminino. Após o teste qui-quadrado pôde-se perceber relevância estatística entre a faixa de idade de 11 e 12 anos com a previsibilidade da anomalia, em contrapartida, não se percebeu a mesma relação com o aumento da idade do indivíduo. Conclusão: com base nos resultados, foi possível determinar a prevalência de caninos impactados em 1,06% e a taxa de previsibilidade foi de 6,05%. (AU)

Abstract Objective: to identify the prevalence and to determine the predictability of permanent superior canine impaction based on a panoramic radiographic sample in the Southwestern region of Bahia, Brazil. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional epidemiological study which analyzed 5,611 panoramic radiographs was performed. In the first study, 4,987 radiographs of patients whose ages were between 15 to 54 years old in permanent dentition phase were analyzed to identify the prevalence of impacted canines. The second study included 624 individuals in the mixed dentition phase, between 8 and 14 years old, in which the method used was impacted canines localization based on predictability determination. The sample calculation and descriptive statistical analysis have been performed using the chi-square test. Results: we have found 53 cases of canines impacted with complete rhizogenesis within the prevalence study, as well as a mean age of 27.4 years between female (60.3%) and male (39.7%). We have found 46 cases of a possible impaction in individuals with a mean age of 11.7 years, 54.3% of males and 45.7% of females. After the chi-square test, it was possible to perceive statistical significance between the age group between 11 and 12 years with predictability of the anomaly, in contrast, the same relationship with the increase of the individuals age has not been perceived. Conclusion: based on the results, it was possible to determine the prevalence of impacted canines in 1.06% and the rate of predictability was 6.05%.(AU)

Assuntos

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine the knowledge level of undergraduate dentistry students of UESB on hematological disorders and their implications in the treatment of the patient. Methods: This is a descriptive, quantitative and cross-sectional study in which a questionnaire with 16 questions was used as a data collection instrument. The study subjects were 192 students enrolled at UESB Dentistry Course. For data analysis, SPSS statistical software (version 16.0) was used. Results: The response rate was 87.5%. Only 54.2% of respondents reported having information about blood disorders and 78% considered themselves not enough informed, fact observed through the low percentage of right answers in a knowledge test. Conclusion: The level of knowledge of UESB Dentistry academics on hematological disorders is insufficient and there isn't a gradual increment of this knowledge throughout the semesters, polarized mainly in the 6th and 10th semester.

RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar o nível de conhecimento de graduandos do curso de Odontologia da UESB sobre os distúrbios hematológicos e suas implicações para o tratamento do paciente em âmbito odontológico. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo descritivo, quantitativo e de corte transversal, onde adotou-se como instrumento de coleta de dados um questionário, composto por 16 perguntas. Os sujeitos da pesquisa foram os 192 estudantes regularmente matriculados no curso de Odontologia da UESB. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado o software estatístico SPSS (versão 16.0). Resultados: A taxa de resposta foi de 87,5%. Apenas 54,2% dos entrevistados relataram ter informações acerca dos distúrbios hematológicos e 78% consideraram-se insuficientemente informados, fato corroborado pelas baixas porcentagens de acertos nos testes de conhecimento. Conclusão: O nível de conhecimento dos acadêmicos de Odontologia da UESB sobre os distúrbios hematológicos mostrou-se insuficiente e não houve um crescimento gradual deste conhecimento ao longo dos semestres, estando o mesmo polarizado principalmente nos 6º e 10º semestres.

RESUMO

The aim of this study was to evaluate the variation in facial soft tissue thickness in young north eastern Brazilian individuals according to gender and skeletal class. Measurements were obtained from digitized teleradiographs of 300 children, aged from 8 to 12 years, using the Sidexis Xg program. Data of mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum soft tissue thickness values of the faces of Angle's Class I, II and III individuals, were evaluated. The results demonstrated that there was no difference in soft tissue thickness among the skeletal classes for most of anthropological points. For the Class I, statistical differences were found (P < 0.05) between the genders in the rhinion point, subnasal and upper lip. It was concluded that there was no difference in soft tissue thickness among the skeletal classes, except between Class II and III for the points: Stomion, Bottom lip and Pogonion, allowing definition of parameters of this population for the purpose of facial reconstruction.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Urban forests offer important environmental services for surrounding and respective population. This paper aims at characterizing three forest patches in the city of Rio de Janeiro. To accomplish the task, a phytosociologic survey was carried out using sampling method and units of 10 x 10 meters, where all the individuals with CBH (circumference breast height) equal or larger than 15 centimeters and the same or superior to three meters high were identified and measured. Results have shown significant differences in floristic composition and structure where the families Leguminosae and Moraceae were predominant in the two fragments of larger diversity and Compositae at the one with smaller diversity. Most of the species belong to pioneer succeeding groups, and zoocory was the most important seed-dispersal strategy

As florestas situadas em áreas urbanas são de reconhecida importância no oferecimento de serviços ambientais à população de seu entorno. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de três fragmentos florestais localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para a realização do estudo, foi conduzido um levantamento fitossociológico utilizando o método de parcelas, com unidades de 10 x 10 metros, nas quais foram identificados e medidos todos os indivíduos com PAP (perímetro à altura do peito) igual ou maior que 15 centímetros e altura igual ou superior a três metros. Os resultados encontrados mostraram significativas diferenças de composição florística e estrutura dos fragmentos encontrados, com predomínio das famílias Leguminosae e Moraceae nos dois remanescentes de maior diversidade e de Compositae no de menor diversidade. A maior parte das espécies encontradas pertence a grupos iniciais de sucessão, e a zoocoria foi a principal estratégia de dispersão de sementes encontrada

RESUMO

Urban forests offer important environmental services for surrounding and respective population. This paper aims at characterizing three forest patches in the city of Rio de Janeiro. To accomplish the task, a phytosociologic survey was carried out using sampling method and units of 10 x 10 meters, where all the individuals with CBH (circumference breast height) equal or larger than 15 centimeters and the same or superior to three meters high were identified and measured. Results have shown significant differences in floristic composition and structure where the families Leguminosae and Moraceae were predominant in the two fragments of larger diversity and Compositae at the one with smaller diversity. Most of the species belong to pioneer succeeding groups, and zoocory was the most important seed-dispersal strategy

As florestas situadas em áreas urbanas são de reconhecida importância no oferecimento de serviços ambientais à população de seu entorno. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de três fragmentos florestais localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para a realização do estudo, foi conduzido um levantamento fitossociológico utilizando o método de parcelas, com unidades de 10 x 10 metros, nas quais foram identificados e medidos todos os indivíduos com PAP (perímetro à altura do peito) igual ou maior que 15 centímetros e altura igual ou superior a três metros. Os resultados encontrados mostraram significativas diferenças de composição florística e estrutura dos fragmentos encontrados, com predomínio das famílias Leguminosae e Moraceae nos dois remanescentes de maior diversidade e de Compositae no de menor diversidade. A maior parte das espécies encontradas pertence a grupos iniciais de sucessão, e a zoocoria foi a principal estratégia de dispersão de sementes encontrada

RESUMO

Urban forests offer important environmental services for surrounding and respective population. This paper aims at characterizing three forest patches in the city of Rio de Janeiro. To accomplish the task, a phytosociologic survey was carried out using sampling method and units of 10 x 10 meters, where all the individuals with CBH (circumference breast height) equal or larger than 15 centimeters and the same or superior to three meters high were identified and measured. Results have shown significant differences in floristic composition and structure where the families Leguminosae and Moraceae were predominant in the two fragments of larger diversity and Compositae at the one with smaller diversity. Most of the species belong to pioneer succeeding groups, and zoocory was the most important seed-dispersal strategy

As florestas situadas em áreas urbanas são de reconhecida importância no oferecimento de serviços ambientais à população de seu entorno. O presente trabalho teve como objetivo a caracterização de três fragmentos florestais localizados na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Para a realização do estudo, foi conduzido um levantamento fitossociológico utilizando o método de parcelas, com unidades de 10 x 10 metros, nas quais foram identificados e medidos todos os indivíduos com PAP (perímetro à altura do peito) igual ou maior que 15 centímetros e altura igual ou superior a três metros. Os resultados encontrados mostraram significativas diferenças de composição florística e estrutura dos fragmentos encontrados, com predomínio das famílias Leguminosae e Moraceae nos dois remanescentes de maior diversidade e de Compositae no de menor diversidade. A maior parte das espécies encontradas pertence a grupos iniciais de sucessão, e a zoocoria foi a principal estratégia de dispersão de sementes encontrada