RESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Mitral valvuloplasty including ring/band support is widely performed despite potential drawbacks of rings. Unsupported valvuloplasty is performed in only a few centers. This study aimed to report long-term outcomes of patients undergoing unsupported valvuloplasty for degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) and to identify predictive factors for outcomes. METHODS: This is a retrospective cohort including patients undergoing mitral valve repair for degenerative MR from 2000 to 2018. The main techniques were Wooler annuloplasty and quadrangular resection. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression models were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: One hundred fifty-eight patients were included (median age: 64.0 years). In-hospital mortality was 2.5%. Maximum followup was 19.6 years, with a median of 4.7 years (992 patient-years). Overall survival at 5, 10, and 15 years was 91.0% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 85.7-96.3), 87.6% (95% CI: 80.7-94.5), and 78.1% (95% CI: 65.9-90.3), respectively. The European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) II was an independent predictor of late death (hazard ratio [HR] 1.42; P=0.016). Freedom from mitral reoperation at 5, 10, and 15 years was 88.1% (95% CI: 82.0-94.2), 82.4% (95% CI: 74.6-90.2), and 75.7% (95% CI: 64.1-87.3), respectively. Left atrial diameter > 56 mm was associated with late reintervention in univariate analysis (HR 1.06; P=0.049). CONCLUSION: Degenerative MR can be successfully treated with repair techniques without annular support, thus avoiding the technical and logistical drawbacks of ring/band implantation while maintaining good long-term results. EuroSCORE II was a risk factor for late death, and larger left atrium was associated with late reoperation.
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Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca , Anuloplastia da Valva Mitral , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Insuficiência da Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Reoperação , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Isolated congenital atrioventricular block (ICAVB) is a rare, and pacemaker implantation is the only effective treatment. We sought to identify the predictive factors of adverse events related to pacemaker implantation in ICAVB. This is a cohort study of patients diagnosed with ICAVB who underwent pacemaker implantation from 1980 to 2014 in a single center. During the studied period, a total of 647 patients underwent implantation of their first permanent cardiac pacemaker before 30 years of age. Of these, only 62 (9.5 %) were diagnosed with ICAVB. This condition was diagnosed in utero in 15 (24.2 %) cases, 5 (8.1 %) in the neonatal period, 32 (51.6 %) during childhood, and 10 (16.1 %) during adolescence and young adulthood. The presence of autoantibodies (anti-Ro/SSA) was observed in 41 % of mothers who underwent serological evaluation. Age at the time of the initial pacemaker implant was 9.8 ± 9 years. During a mean follow-up time of 15 years, 1 (1.7 %) death occurred due to infectious endocarditis. Complications related to pacemaker implant were reported in 24 patients (38.7 %). The number of complications was significantly higher in the group with an epimyocardial implantation site (HR 6; CI 2.45-14.95). Ventricular dysfunction occurred in 6 (11.7 %) patients; however, we were not able to identify any predictors of it. Our results showed a low mortality rate after permanent therapy. However, these patients exhibited high morbidity related to the pacemaker system, and the epimyocardial implant site was an independent predictor of complications. Predictors of left ventricular dysfunction were not found in the present study.
Assuntos
Marca-Passo Artificial , Bloqueio Atrioventricular , Estudos de Coortes , Humanos , Implantação de Prótese , Resultado do Tratamento , Disfunção Ventricular EsquerdaRESUMO
Introdução As lesões do joelho são muito comuns na prática esportiva, dentre as quais se destaca a lesão do ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) pela frequência e gravidade. Objetivo Analisar a força muscular concêntrica de abdução e adução do quadril em atletas pós-reconstrução do LCA que completaram seu protocolo de reabilitação e foram liberados para o retorno à prática esportiva. O objetivo secundário foi comparar a força muscular isocinética de atletas profissionais e não profissionais após a reabilitação da reconstrução do LCA. Métodos Foram avaliados 54 atletas, com média de idade 23,2 ± 4,3 anos, divididos em dois grupos: Grupo LCA (n=27) operados de lesão do LCA e Grupo Controle (n=27) não operados. Foi realizada a dinamometria isocinética dos abdutores e adutores do quadril em duas velocidades, 30 e 60°/seg. Resultados Na avaliação de força e potência muscular dos abdutores do quadril houve maior atividade muscular do lado operado na velocidade de 60º/seg e menor na velocidade de 30º/seg na comparação com o lado não operado. Conclusão A força dos músculos abdutores do quadril de atletas pós-reconstrução de LCA que finalizaram seu protocolo de reabilitação e que retornaram à prática esportiva apresentou valores de torque maiores do lado operado na velocidade de 60º/seg. Na velocidade de 30º/seg houve uma tendência do lado não operado apresentar maior força. Não foi identificada deficiência na força muscular isocinética dos músculos adutores do quadril. Além disso, não foi identificada diferença entre os membros operado e não operado dos subgrupos "atletas profissionais" e "atletas não profissionais".
Introduction Knee injuries are very common in sports, among which stands out the anterior cruciate ligament injury (ACL) by the frequency and severity. Objective To analyze the concentric muscle strength of hip abduction and adduction in athletes after ACL reconstruction who finished their rehabilitation protocol and were allowed to return practicing sports. The secondary objective was to compare the isokinetic muscle strength of professional and non-professional athletes after rehabilitation of ACL reconstruction. Methods Fifty-four athletes, with mean age 23.2 ± 4.3 years were evaluated, divided into two groups: ACL Group (n=27) operated from ACL injury and Control Group (n=27) not operated. Isokinetic dynamometry was carried out of hip abductors and adductors at two different speeds, 30 and 60°/second. Results In the evaluation of muscle strength and power of hip abductors, the muscular activity in the operated side was higher at the speed of 60º/second and lower at the speed of 30°/second in comparison to the non-operated side. Conclusion The strength of hip abductor muscles of athletes after ACL reconstruction who completed their rehabilitation protocol and who returned to sports showed higher torque values in the operated side at the speed of 60º/second. At the speed of 30°/second, there was a tendency of non-operated side showing greater strength. Deficiency in the isokinetic muscle strength was not identified in hip adductors muscles. Moreover, no difference has been identified between operated and non-operated members in subgroups "professional athletes" and "non-professional athletes".
Introducción Las lesiones de rodillas son muy comunes en los deportes, entre ellas se destaca la lesión del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA) por la frecuencia y gravedad. Objetivo Analizar la fuerza muscular concéntrica de abducción y aducción de la cadera en atletas después de la reconstrucción de LCA, que completaron su protocolo de rehabilitación y fueron liberados para volver a practicar deportes. El objetivo secundario fue comparar la fuerza muscular isocinética de los deportistas profesionales y no profesionales en rehabilitación después de la reconstrucción del LCA. Métodos Cincuenta y cuatro atletas, con edad promedio de 23,2 ± 4,3 años, fueran evaluados, divididos en dos grupos: Grupo LCA (n=27), operados de lesiones LCA y Grupo Control (n=27) no operados. Se realizó una dinamometría isocinética de los abductores y aductores de la cadera a dos velocidades, 30 y 60°/segundo. Resultados En la evaluación de la fuerza y potencia muscular de los abductores de la cadera se mostró una mayor actividad muscular en el lado operado a la velocidad de 60°/segundo y menor a la velocidad de 30°/segundo en comparación con el lado no operado. Conclusión La fuerza de los músculos abductores de la cadera en atletas después de la reconstrucción de LCA que completaron su protocolo de rehabilitación y que regresaron a los deportes tuve valores de torque superiores del lado operado a la velocidad de 60º/segundo. En la velocidad de 30°/segundo, hubo una tendencia del lado no operado a tener una mayor fuerza. No se identificó la deficiencia en la fuerza muscular isocinética de los músculos aductores de la cadera. Además, no se identificó diferencias entre los miembros operados y no operado entre los subgrupos "atletas profesionales" y "atletas no profesionales.".
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Management of patients treated with oral anticoagulation (OAC) requiring a cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) surgery is a challenge that requires balancing the risk of bleeding complications with the risk of thromboembolic events. Recently the approach of performing these procedures while the patient remains with a therapeutic international normalized ratio has gained interest due to several publications showing its relative safety. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of continuous use of OAC compared with heparin bridging in the perioperative setting of CIED surgery using a meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic review of PubMed/MEDLINE, Ovid, and Elsevier databases was performed. Eligible randomized controlled trials and cohort studies were included. The outcomes studied were risk of clinically significant bleeding and of thromboembolic events. Our analysis was restricted to OAC with vitamin K antagonists. RESULTS: Of 560 manuscripts initially considered relevant, seven were included in the meta-analysis, totaling 2,191 patients. Data are reported as odds ratios (ORs) with confidence interval (CI) of 95%. Maintenance of OAC was associated with a significantly lower risk of postoperative bleeding compared with heparin bridge (OR = 0.25, 95% CI 0.17-0.36, P < 0.00001). There was no difference noted in the risk of thromboembolic events between the two strategies (OR = 1.86, 95% CI 0.29-12.17, P = 0.57). CONCLUSIONS: Uninterrupted use of OAC in the perioperative of CIED surgery was associated with a reduced risk of bleeding. This strategy should be considered the preferred one in patients at moderate-to-high risk of thromboembolic events.
Assuntos
Anticoagulantes/administração & dosagem , Hemorragia/epidemiologia , Heparina/administração & dosagem , Implantação de Prótese/estatística & dados numéricos , Tromboembolia/epidemiologia , Tromboembolia/prevenção & controle , Administração Oral , Idoso , Comorbidade , Desfibriladores Implantáveis/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Hemorragia/prevenção & controle , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Marca-Passo Artificial/estatística & dados numéricos , Pré-Medicação/estatística & dados numéricos , Medição de Risco , Resultado do Tratamento , Vitamina K/antagonistas & inibidoresRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We tested the hypothesis that direct intramyocardial injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy can improve left ventricular function and physical capacity. METHODS: Thirty non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <35% were randomized at a 1:2 ratio into two groups, control and treated. The bone marrow mononuclear cells group received 1.06±108 bone marrow mononuclear cells through mini-thoracotomy. There was no intervention in the control group. Assessment was carried out through clinical evaluations as well as a 6-min walk test, nuclear magnectic resonance imaging and echocardiogram. RESULTS: The bone marrow mononuclear cells group showed a trend toward left ventricular ejection fraction improvement, with magnectic resonance imaging - at 3 months, showing an increase from 27.80±6.86% to 30.13±9.06% (P=0.08) and returning to baseline at 9 months (28.78%, P=0.77). Magnectic resonance imaging showed no changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during follow-up of the control group (28.00±4.32%, 27.42±7.41%, and 29.57±4.50%). Echocardiogram showed left ventricular ejection fraction improved in the bone marrow mononuclear cells group at 3 months, 25.09±3.98 to 30.94±9.16 (P=0.01), and one year, 30.07±7.25% (P=0.001). The control group showed no change (26.1±4.4 vs 26.5±4.7 and 30.2±7.39%, P=0.25 and 0.10, respectively). Bone marrow mononuclear cells group showed improvement in New York Heart Association functional class, from 3.40±0.50 to 2.41±0.79 (P=0.002); patients in the control group showed no change (3.37±0.51 to 2.71±0.95; P=0.17). Six-minute walk test improved in the bone marrow mononuclear cells group (348.00±93.51m at baseline to 370.41±91.56m at 12 months, P=0.66) and there was a non-significant decline in the control group (361.25±90.78m to 330.00±123.42m after 12 months, P=0.66). Group comparisons were non-significant. CONCLUSION: The trend of intragroup functional and subjective improvement was not confirmed when compared to the control group. Direct intramyocardial application of bone marrow mononuclear cells in non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy was not associated with significant changes in left ventricular function. Differences observed within the bone marrow mononuclear cells group could be due to placebo effect or low statistical power.
Assuntos
Células da Medula Óssea , Transplante de Medula Óssea/métodos , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/fisiopatologia , Ecocardiografia , Teste de Esforço , Feminino , Humanos , Injeções Intramusculares , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Qualidade de Vida , Volume Sistólico/fisiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Objective: We tested the hypothesis that direct intramyocardial injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells in patients with non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy can improve left ventricular function and physical capacity. Methods: Thirty non-ischemic dilated cardiomyopathy patients with left ventricular ejection fraction <35% were randomized at a 1:2 ratio into two groups, control and treated. The bone marrow mononuclear cells group received 1.06±108 bone marrow mononuclear cells through mini-thoracotomy. There was no intervention in the control group. Assessment was carried out through clinical evaluations as well as a 6-min walk test, nuclear magnectic resonance imaging and echocardiogram. Results: The bone marrow mononuclear cells group showed a trend toward left ventricular ejection fraction improvement, with magnectic resonance imaging - at 3 months, showing an increase from 27.80±6.86% to 30.13±9.06% (P=0.08) and returning to baseline at 9 months (28.78%, P=0.77). Magnectic resonance imaging showed no changes in left ventricular ejection fraction during follow-up of the control group (28.00±4.32%, 27.42±7.41%, and 29.57±4.50%). Echocardiogram showed left ventricular ejection fraction improved in the bone marrow mononuclear cells group at 3 months, 25.09±3.98 to 30.94±9.16 (P=0.01), and one year, 30.07±7.25% (P=0.001). The control group showed no change (26.1±4.4 vs 26.5±4.7 and 30.2±7.39%, P=0.25 and 0.10, respectively). Bone marrow mononuclear cells group showed improvement in New York Heart Association functional class, from 3.40±0.50 to 2.41±0.79 (P=0.002); patients in the control group showed no change (3.37±0.51 to 2.71±0.95; P=0.17). Six-minute walk test improved in the bone marrow mononuclear cells group (348.00±93.51m at baseline to 370.41±91.56m at 12 months, P=0.66) and there was a non-significant decline in the control group ...
Objetivo: Testamos a hipótese de que a injeção intramiocárdica direta de células mononucleares de medula óssea em pacientes portadores de cardiomiopatia dilatada não-isquêmica pode melhorar a função ventricular e a capacidade física. Métodos: Trinta pacientes com cardiomiopatia dilatada não isquêmica e fração de ejeção 35% foram randomizados na razão 1:2 em grupos controle e tratado. Grupo células mononucleares de medula óssea recebeu 1,06 ± 108 células mononucleares de medula óssea por mini-toracotomia. Grupo controle não recebeu intervenção. Avaliação foi feita clinicamente e por teste de caminhada 6 minutos (T6m), ressonância magnética e ecocardiogramas. Resultados: Grupo células mononucleares de medula óssea mostrou tendência de melhora da Fração de ejeção - ressonância magnética aos 3 meses, 27,80±6,86% para 30,13±9,06% (P=0,08), retornando ao basal aos 9 meses (28,78%, P=0,77). Grupo controle não apresentou variação (28,00±4,32%; 27,42±7,41% e 29,57±4,50%). Ecocardiogramas - fração de ejeção melhorou no grupo células mononucleares de medula óssea aos 3 meses: 25,09±3,98 para 30,94±9,16 (P=0,01) e aos 12 meses (30,07±7,25%, P=0,001), enquanto o controle não variou: 26,1±4,4 vs. 26,5±4,7 e 30,2±7,39%, P=0,25 e 0,10, respectivamente). Células mononucleares de medula óssea melhorou classe funcional New York Heart Association: 3,40±0.50 para 2,41±0,79 (P=0,002); controles não mudaram (3,37±0,51 para 2,71±0,95; P=0,17). T6m melhorou no grupo células mononucleares de medula óssea (348,00±93,51 m inicial para 370,41±91,56 m aos 12 m, P=0,66) e declinou sem significância no ...
Assuntos
Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Células da Medula Óssea , Transplante de Medula Óssea/métodos , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/cirurgia , Cardiomiopatia Dilatada/fisiopatologia , Ecocardiografia , Teste de Esforço , Injeções Intramusculares , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Qualidade de Vida , Volume Sistólico/fisiologia , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the correlation between age and occurrence of atrial fibrillation after aortic stenosis surgery in the elderly as well as evaluate the influence of atrial fibrillation on the incidence of strokes, hospital length of stay, and hospital mortality. METHODS: Cross-sectional retrospective study of > 70 year-old patients who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement. RESULTS: 348 patients were included in the study (mean age 76.8±4.6 years). Overall, post-operative atrial fibrillation was 32.8% (n=114), but it was higher in patients aged 80 years and older (42.9% versus 28.8% in patients aged 70-79 years, P=0.017). There was borderline significance for linear correlation between age and atrial fibrillation (P=0.055). Intensive Care Unit and hospital lengths of stay were significantly increased in atrial fibrillation (P<0.001), but there was no increase in mortality or stroke associated with atrial fibrillation. CONCLUSION: Post-operative atrial fibrillation incidence in aortic valve replacement is high and correlates with age in patients aged 70 years and older and significantly more pronounced in patients aged 80 years. There was increased length of stay at Intensive Care Unit and hospital, but there was no increase in mortality or stroke. These data are important for planning prophylaxis and early treatment for this subgroup.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Fibrilação Atrial/etiologia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Distribuição por Idade , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Fibrilação Atrial/mortalidade , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Humanos , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
Objetivo: Descrever, em idosos, a correlação entre faixa etária e ocorrência de fibrilação atrial após cirurgia por estenose aórtica, além de avaliar a influência da ocorrência de fibrilação atrial na incidência de acidente vascular cerebral, tempo de internação e mortalidade hospitalar. Métodos: Estudo transversal retrospectivo incluindo pacientes com idade > 70 anos submetidos à cirurgia de troca valvar aórtica isolada. Resultados: Foram estudados 348 pacientes com idade média de 76,8±4,6 anos. A incidência de fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório foi 32,8% (n=114), sendo superior nos pacientes > 80 anos (42,9 vs. 28,8% 70-79 anos, P=0,017) e havendo significância estatística limítrofe (P=0,055) para tendência linear na correlação idade e incidência de fibrilação atrial. Verificou-se significativo maior tempo de internação na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva e hospitalar total, porém, não se observou maior taxa de acidente vascular cerebral ou de mortalidade hospitalar decorrente da fibrilação atrial. Conclusão: A incidência de fibrilação atrial no pós-operatório de cirurgia para estenose valvar aórtica em pacientes idosos com > 70 anos foi elevada e linearmente correlacionada ao avanço da idade, especialmente após 80 anos, causando aumento dos tempos de internação total e em Unidade de Terapia Intensiva, sem aumento significativo da morbimortalidade. O conhecimento desses dados é importante para evidenciar a necessidade de medidas profiláticas e de tratamento precoce dessa arritmia nesse subgrupo. .
Objective: This study aims to describe the correlation between age and occurrence of atrial fibrillation after aortic stenosis surgery in the elderly as well as evaluate the influence of atrial fibrillation on the incidence of strokes, hospital length of stay, and hospital mortality. Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective study of > 70 year-old patients who underwent isolated aortic valve replacement. Results: 348 patients were included in the study (mean age 76.8±4.6 years). Overall, post-operative atrial fibrillation was 32.8% (n=114), but it was higher in patients aged 80 years and older (42.9% versus 28.8% in patients aged 70-79 years, P=0.017). There was borderline significance for linear correlation between age and atrial fibrillation (P=0.055). Intensive Care Unit and hospital lengths of stay were significantly increased in atrial fibrillation (P<0.001), but there was no increase in mortality or stroke associated with atrial fibrillation. Conclusion: Post-operative atrial fibrillation incidence in aortic valve replacement is high and correlates with age in patients aged 70 years and older and significantly more pronounced in patients aged 80 years. There was increased length of stay at Intensive Care Unit and hospital, but there was no increase in mortality or stroke. These data are important for planning prophylaxis and early treatment for this subgroup. .
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Fibrilação Atrial/etiologia , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/efeitos adversos , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/etiologia , Doença Aguda , Distribuição por Idade , Fatores Etários , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Fibrilação Atrial/mortalidade , Estudos Transversais , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Tempo de Internação , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/mortalidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/etiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/mortalidade , Fatores de TempoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Since Wilcox's description of the simplified single-patch technique for atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) repair in 1997, several studies have compared that technique with the two-patch technique. OBJECTIVE: To report the mid- and long-term results of the simplified single-patch technique for complete AVSD repair. METHODS: Retrospective study of 16 consecutive cases between January 2001 and December 2011. The patients' mean age was 18.31 ± 34.19 months (2 months - 11 years), and their mean weight, 7.80 ± 6.12 kg (3.77 - 25.0 kg). Six patients were males and 14 had Down syndrome. Mean follow-up duration was 54.97 ± 47.79 months. RESULTS: Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 74.63 ± 18.48 min (49 - 112 min), and mean aortic cross-clamp time, 46.44 ± 11.89 min (34 - 67 min). Two patients died during hospitalization (12.5%), both of cardiovascular causes. Three patients underwent reoperation due to left atrioventricular (AV) valve regurgitation, and two had third-degree VA block, requiring permanent pacemaker implantation. No patient had left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The 14 surviving patients remain asymptomatic, ten of whom with mild left VA valve regurgitation (71.42%). CONCLUSION: The simplified single-patch technique for complete AVSD repair proved to be feasible, providing adequate correction of the defects and favorable clinical and echocardiographic outcome in the mean 57.97-month follow-up.
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Comunicação Interatrial/cirurgia , Comunicação Interventricular/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura/efeitos adversos , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Seguimentos , Comunicação Interatrial/diagnóstico por imagem , Comunicação Interventricular/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Estudos Retrospectivos , Técnicas de Sutura/mortalidade , Resultado do Tratamento , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
FUNDAMENTO: Desde que Wilcox, em 1997, descreveu uma forma simplificada de correção do Defeito Septal Atrioventricular (DSAV) com enxerto único, diversos estudos têm sido realizados comparando-a à técnica com duplo enxerto. OBJETIVO: Relatar os resultados em médio e longo prazos da correção de DSAV completo pela técnica simplificada de enxerto único. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 16 casos consecutivos arrolados entre janeiro de 2001 e dezembro de 2011. A idade média foi 18,31 ± 34,19 meses (2 meses - 11 anos) e o peso 7,80 ± 6,12 Kg (3,77 - 25,0 Kg); 6 pacientes eram do sexo masculino e 14 eram portadores de Síndrome de Down. O tempo de seguimento médio foi de 54,97 ± 47,79 meses. RESULTADOS: O tempo médio de circulação extracorpórea foi 74,63 ± 18,48 min (49 - 112 min) e o de pinçamento aórtico, de 46,44 ± 11,89 min (34 - 67 min). Foram observados dois óbitos hospitalares (12,5%), ambos por causa cardiovascular. Três pacientes foram reoperados por regurgitação da valva atrioventricular (VA) esquerda e dois apresentaram bloqueio atrioventricular (BAV) completo com necessidade de implante de marca-passo definitivo. Não houve nenhum caso de obstrução da via de saída do ventrículo esquerdo. Os 14 pacientes sobreviventes permanecem assintomáticos, 10 deles com insuficiência da valva VA esquerda leve (71,42%). CONCLUSÃO: A técnica simplificada com enxerto único para correção de DSAV completo mostrou-se factível, associada à correção adequada dos defeitos e à favorável evolução clínica e ecocardiográfica nos 57,97 meses de seguimento médio avaliados.
BACKGROUND: Since Wilcox's description of the simplified single-patch technique for atrioventricular septal defect (AVSD) repair in 1997, several studies have compared that technique with the two-patch technique. OBJECTIVE: To report the mid- and long-term results of the simplified single-patch technique for complete AVSD repair. METHODS: Retrospective study of 16 consecutive cases between January 2001 and December 2011. The patients' mean age was 18.31 ± 34.19 months (2 months - 11 years), and their mean weight, 7.80 ± 6.12 kg (3.77 - 25.0 kg). Six patients were males and 14 had Down syndrome. Mean follow-up duration was 54.97 ± 47.79 months. RESULTS: Mean cardiopulmonary bypass time was 74.63 ± 18.48 min (49 - 112 min), and mean aortic cross-clamp time, 46.44 ± 11.89 min (34 - 67 min). Two patients died during hospitalization (12.5%), both of cardiovascular causes. Three patients underwent reoperation due to left atrioventricular (AV) valve regurgitation, and two had third-degree VA block, requiring permanent pacemaker implantation. No patient had left ventricular outflow tract obstruction. The 14 surviving patients remain asymptomatic, ten of whom with mild left VA valve regurgitation (71.42%). CONCLUSION: The simplified single-patch technique for complete AVSD repair proved to be feasible, providing adequate correction of the defects and favorable clinical and echocardiographic outcome in the mean 57.97-month follow-up.
Assuntos
Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Comunicação Interatrial/cirurgia , Comunicação Interventricular/cirurgia , Técnicas de Sutura/efeitos adversos , Seguimentos , Comunicação Interatrial , Comunicação Interventricular , Estudos Retrospectivos , Reoperação/estatística & dados numéricos , Técnicas de Sutura/mortalidade , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Identificar fatores de risco hospitalar em pacientes submetidos ao implante de bioprótese porcina no Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo, com informações de prontuário, de 808 pacientes submetidos ao implante de pelo menos uma bioprótese porcina St. Jude Medical Biocor, no período entre 1994 e 2009. Foi analisada a relação entre mortalidade hospitalar e características clínicas e demográficas definidas em estudos reconhecidos, visando identificar fatores de risco. Foram utilizados testes qui-quadrado, t de Student e regressão logística uni e multivariável (P<0,05). RESULTADOS: Ocorreram 80 (9,9%) óbitos hospitalares. Fatores de risco identificados na regressão logística univariável foram: plastia tricúspide (odds ratio 6,11); lesão mitral (OR 3,98); fração de ejeção de ventrículo esquerdo < 30% (OR 3,82); diabete melito (OR 2,55); fibrilação atrial (OR 2,32); hipertensão pulmonar (OR 2,30); creatinina > 1,4 mg/dL (OR 2,28); cirurgia cardíaca prévia (OR 2,17); hipertensão arterial sistêmica (OR 1,93); classe funcional III e IV (OR 1,92); revascularização miocárdica (OR 1,81); idade > 70 anos (OR 1,80); insuficiência cardíaca congestiva (OR 1,73); e sexo feminino (OR 1,68). Pela regressão logística multivariável, para fatores independentes, identificados: lesão mitral (OR 5,29); plastia tricúspide (OR 3,07); diabete melito (OR 2,72); idade > 70 anos (OR 2,62); revascularização miocárdica (OR 2,43); cirurgia cardíaca prévia (OR 1,82); e hipertensão arterial sistêmica (OR 1,79). CONCLUSÕES: A mortalidade observada nesta casuística é compatível com literatura. Fatores de risco preponderantes são reconhecidos e devem motivar programas específicos de neutralização.
OBJECTIVE: Study designed to identify characteristics of patients related to increased hospital mortality after valve replacement, assumed as risk factors. METHODS: Retrospective study including 808 patients submitted to the implant of St. Jude Biocor porcine bioprosthesis between 1994 and 2009 at Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Primary outcome was hospital death and hospital mortality was related to demographic and surgical characteristics. Statistics include t-test, qui-square test and logistical regression analysis. RESULTS: There were 80 (9.9%) hospital deaths. Risk factors identified with univariable logistical analysis (and respective odds-ratio) were: tricuspid surgery (OR 6.11); mitral valve replacement (OR 3.98); left ventricular ejection fraction < 30% (OR 3.82); diabetes mellitus (OR 2.55); atrial fibrillation (OR 2.32); pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR 2.30); serum creatinine > 1,4 mg/dL (OR 2.28); previous cardiac surgery (OR 2.17); systemic arterial hypertension (OR 1.93); functional class III e IV (OR 1.92); coronary bypass (OR 1.81); age > 70 years-old (OR 1.80); congestive heart failure (OR 1.73); e female gender (OR 1.68). Multivariable logistic regression for independent factors identified preponderant risk factors mitral valve replacement (OR 5,29); tricuspid surgery (OR 3.07); diabetes mellitus (OR 2.72); age > 70 years-old (OR 2.62); coronary bypass (OR 2.43); previous cardiac surgery (OR 1.82); e systemic arterial hypertension (OR 1.79). CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rate is within values found in literature. Identification of risk factors could contribute to changes in surgical indication and medical management in order to reduce hospital mortality.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Bioprótese/efeitos adversos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas/efeitos adversos , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Fatores de Risco , Suínos , UniversidadesRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a well known risk factor for early and late adverse outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG); however, few studies have investigated the impact of this risk factor in the group of older patients, especially octogenarians. OBJECTIVES: To compare in-hospital mortality and morbidity of diabetic and nondiabetic patients aged > 80 years submitted to CABG. METHODS: A total of 140 consecutive cases were studied, of whom 37 (26.4%) were diabetics, in a retrospective cross-sectional study, that included all patients aged > 80 years submitted to isolated/associated CABG. The patients' mean age was 82.5 ± 2.2 years and 55.7% were males. RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate did not significantly differ in multivariate analysis: 16.2% diabetic x 13.6% nondiabetic (P = 0.554), as well as morbidity: 43.2% x 37.9%, respectively (P = 0.533). Regarding to operative morbidity, the occurrence of stroke was significantly higher in diabetic patients in the univariate analysis (10.8% x 1.9%, P = 0.042). In multivariate analysis, however, the incidence of stroke was not associated with the presence of diabetes (P = 0.085), but it was associated with atrial fibrillation (P = 0.044). There was no significant difference related to other complications. CONCLUSION: In this small consecutive retrospectively analyzed series, there was no significant increase in hospital mortality and morbidity related to diabetes for CABG in octogenarian patients. The impact of the results of this study is limited by the sample size and might be confirmed by future randomized clinical trials.
INTRODUÇÃO: O diabetes é um fator de risco conhecido para eventos adversos precoces e tardios em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica (CRM); entretanto, poucos estudos investigaram sua influência no grupo de pacientes mais idosos, especialmente nos octogenários. OBJETIVOS: Comparar a mortalidade e a morbidade hospitalar de pacientes com idade > 80 anos diabéticos e não-diabéticos submetidos à CRM. MÉTODOS: Foram estudados 140 casos consecutivos, sendo 37 (26,4%) diabéticos, em um estudo transversal retrospectivo incluindo todos os pacientes com idade > 80 anos submetidos à CRM isolada/associada. A idade média dos pacientes foi de 82,5 ± 2,2 anos e 55,7% eram do sexo masculino. RESULTADOS: A taxa de mortalidade hospitalar não diferiu de maneira significativa na análise multivariada entre os grupos, 16,2% diabéticos x 13,6% não-diabéticos (P=0,554), assim como a morbidade pós-operatória, 43,2 x 37,9%, respectivamente (P=0,533). Em relação à morbidade, a ocorrência de acidente vascular cerebral foi significativamente maior em pacientes diabéticos na análise univariada (10,8% x 1,9%; P = 0,042). Na análise multivariada, no entanto, a incidência dessa complicação não foi associada com a presença de diabetes (P=0,085), mas com a presença de fibrilação atrial (P=0,044). Não se observou nenhuma diferença significativa em relação às outras complicações. CONCLUSÃO: Nessa pequena série de casos retrospectiva, não houve um aumento significativo da morbimortalidade hospitalar no grupo de pacientes octogenários diabéticos. O impacto dos resultados desta série é limitado pelo tamanho amostral e poderá ser confirmado por futuros ensaios clínicos randomizados.
Assuntos
Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Complicações do Diabetes/mortalidade , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidade , Diabetes Mellitus/cirurgia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: The increased longevity elevated the frequency of elderly requiring surgery, among them the correction of aortic stenosis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate medium-term mortality, need for reoperation for valve replacement and valve complications [systemic thromboembolism (STE) and prosthetic endocarditis (PE)] in patients over 75 years old who had undergone surgery for aortic stenosis. METHODS: Retrospective study of 230 patients from 2002 to 2007. Mean age was 83.4 years and 53% were male. The prevalence of hypertension was 73.2%, atrial fibrillation 17.9% and previous cardiac surgery 14.4%. Another cardiac procedure was associated in 39.1%. RESULTS: In a mean follow-up of 4.51 years the overall survival of the population studied was 57.4%. Death in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 13.9% (9.4% in the isolated aortic stenosis surgery group vs. 20.9% when another procedure was associated). Deaths in the medium term occurred in 28.7% of the patients (25.0% vs. 34.4%), with 34 of these because of cardiovascular causes. There were 6 cases of PE, 8 cases of STE and 6 reoperations. The predictors of mortality were ischemia time >90 min (OR 1.99 95% CI 1.06-3.74), ejection fraction <60% (OR 1.76 95% CI 1.10-2.81) and prior stroke (OR 2.43 95% CI 1.18-5.30). CONCLUSION: Although the immediate surgical risk of the elderly is high, survival rates for surgical treatment of patients over 75 years old are acceptable and allow this intervention. The prognosis is worse especially because of the association with coronary artery disease.
Assuntos
Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/mortalidade , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Reoperação , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO: O aumento da expectativa de vida da população tem levado à maior necessidade de intervenções cirúrgicas sobre a valva aórtica. OBJETIVOS: Avaliar a mortalidade precoce e a médio prazo, a necessidade de reoperação para troca valvar e complicações valvares [tromboembolismo sistêmico (TES) e endocardite infecciosa em prótese (EI)] em pacientes acima de 75 anos submetidos a cirurgia de estenose aórtica. MÉTODOS: Estudo retrospectivo de 230 casos, operados no período de 2002 a 2007. A idade média foi de 83,4 anos, sendo 53% do sexo masculino, 73,2% hipertensos, 17,9% portadores de fibrilação atrial e 14,4% com cirurgia cardíaca prévia. Outro procedimento cardíaco esteve associado em 39,1% dos casos. RESULTADOS: Em 4,51 anos de seguimento médio, a sobrevida geral foi de 57,4%. Ocorreram 13,9% óbitos intra-hospitalares (9,4% no grupo cirurgia de estenose aórtica isolada vs. 20,9% quando outro procedimento cirúrgico foi associado) e 28,7% óbitos após a alta hospitalar (25,0% vs. 34,4%), com 34 destes por causas cardiovasculares. Ocorreram seis casos de EI, oito casos de TES e seis reoperações para troca valvar. Os preditores de mortalidade geral foram: tempo de isquemia >90 min (RC 1,99 IC 95% 1,06-3,74), fração de ejeção <60% (RC 1,76 IC 95% 1,10-2,81) e acidente vascular encefálico prévio (RC 2,43 IC 95% 1,18-5,30). CONCLUSÃO: Ainda que o risco cirúrgico imediato de idosos seja elevado, as taxas de sobrevida referentes ao tratamento cirúrgico em pacientes acima de 75 anos são aceitáveis e permitem essa intervenção. O prognóstico é agravado, sobretudo, pela associação com doença arterial coronariana.
BACKGROUND: The increased longevity elevated the frequency of elderly requiring surgery, among them the correction of aortic stenosis. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate medium-term mortality, need for reoperation for valve replacement and valve complications [systemic thromboembolism (STE) and prosthetic endocarditis (PE)] in patients over 75 years old who had undergone surgery for aortic stenosis. METHODS: Retrospective study of 230 patients from 2002 to 2007. Mean age was 83.4 years and 53% were male. The prevalence of hypertension was 73.2%, atrial fibrillation 17.9% and previous cardiac surgery 14.4%. Another cardiac procedure was associated in 39.1%. RESULTS: In a mean follow-up of 4.51 years the overall survival of the population studied was 57.4%. Death in the immediate postoperative period occurred in 13.9% (9.4% in the isolated aortic stenosis surgery group vs. 20.9% when another procedure was associated). Deaths in the medium term occurred in 28.7% of the patients (25.0% vs. 34.4%), with 34 of these because of cardiovascular causes. There were 6 cases of PE, 8 cases of STE and 6 reoperations. The predictors of mortality were ischemia time >90 min (OR 1.99 95% CI 1.06-3.74), ejection fraction <60% (OR 1.76 95% CI 1.10-2.81) and prior stroke (OR 2.43 95% CI 1.18-5.30). CONCLUSION: Although the immediate surgical risk of the elderly is high, survival rates for surgical treatment of patients over 75 years old are acceptable and allow this intervention. The prognosis is worse especially because of the association with coronary artery disease.
Assuntos
Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/mortalidade , Estenose da Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Procedimentos Cirúrgicos Cardíacos/efeitos adversos , Complicações Intraoperatórias/mortalidade , Fatores Etários , Brasil , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Reoperação , Fatores de Risco , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Study designed to identify characteristics of patients related to increased hospital mortality after valve replacement, assumed as risk factors. METHODS: Retrospective study including 808 patients submitted to the implant of St. Jude Biocor porcine bioprosthesis between 1994 and 2009 at Instituto de Cardiologia do Rio Grande do Sul. Primary outcome was hospital death and hospital mortality was related to demographic and surgical characteristics. Statistics include t-test, qui-square test and logistical regression analysis. RESULTS: There were 80 (9.9%) hospital deaths. Risk factors identified with univariable logistical analysis (and respective odds-ratio) were: tricuspid surgery (OR 6.11); mitral valve replacement (OR 3.98); left ventricular ejection fraction < 30% (OR 3.82); diabetes mellitus (OR 2.55); atrial fibrillation (OR 2.32); pulmonary arterial hypertension (OR 2.30); serum creatinine > 1,4 mg/dL (OR 2.28); previous cardiac surgery (OR 2.17); systemic arterial hypertension (OR 1.93); functional class III e IV (OR 1.92); coronary bypass (OR 1.81); age > 70 years-old (OR 1.80); congestive heart failure (OR 1.73); e female gender (OR 1.68). Multivariable logistic regression for independent factors identified preponderant risk factors mitral valve replacement (OR 5,29); tricuspid surgery (OR 3.07); diabetes mellitus (OR 2.72); age > 70 years-old (OR 2.62); coronary bypass (OR 2.43); previous cardiac surgery (OR 1.82); e systemic arterial hypertension (OR 1.79). CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rate is within values found in literature. Identification of risk factors could contribute to changes in surgical indication and medical management in order to reduce hospital mortality.
Assuntos
Valva Aórtica/cirurgia , Bioprótese/efeitos adversos , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/mortalidade , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas/efeitos adversos , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Animais , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Implante de Prótese de Valva Cardíaca/métodos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Suínos , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes is a well known risk factor for early and late adverse outcomes in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG); however, few studies have investigated the impact of this risk factor in the group of older patients, especially octogenarians. OBJECTIVES: To compare in-hospital mortality and morbidity of diabetic and nondiabetic patients aged > 80 years submitted to CABG. METHODS: A total of 140 consecutive cases were studied, of whom 37 (26.4%) were diabetics, in a retrospective cross-sectional study, that included all patients aged > 80 years submitted to isolated/associated CABG. The patients' mean age was 82.5 ± 2.2 years and 55.7% were males. RESULTS: The hospital mortality rate did not significantly differ in multivariate analysis: 16.2% diabetic x 13.6% nondiabetic (P = 0.554), as well as morbidity: 43.2% x 37.9%, respectively (P = 0.533). Regarding to operative morbidity, the occurrence of stroke was significantly higher in diabetic patients in the univariate analysis (10.8% x 1.9%, P = 0.042). In multivariate analysis, however, the incidence of stroke was not associated with the presence of diabetes (P = 0.085), but it was associated with atrial fibrillation (P = 0.044). There was no significant difference related to other complications. CONCLUSION: In this small consecutive retrospectively analyzed series, there was no significant increase in hospital mortality and morbidity related to diabetes for CABG in octogenarian patients. The impact of the results of this study is limited by the sample size and might be confirmed by future randomized clinical trials.
Assuntos
Fibrilação Atrial/epidemiologia , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Complicações do Diabetes/mortalidade , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Diabetes Mellitus/mortalidade , Diabetes Mellitus/cirurgia , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Preoperative chronic renal dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality in cardiac surgery. As normal range serum creatinine is not representative of normal renal function, we compared mortality rates, total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay for patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass surgery with serum creatinine < 1.5mg/dL as to their estimated creatinine clearance, normal or impaired. METHODS: In 4,765 patients submitted to coronary artery bypass surgery between January/1996 and June/2004, the creatinine clearance was estimated by the Cockroft-Gault equation. Impaired renal function was considered as a creatinine clearance <60 mL/min/1.73 m² (chronic renal disease stage 3 - National Kidney Foundation-USA). In hospital mortality, total hospital stay, and post-surgical hospital stay were compared. RESULTS: 4,688 patients had the required data, and 4,403 presented serum creatinine < 1.5 mg/dL - 3,177 with creatinine clearance > 60 mL/min (Group A), and 1,226 with <60 mL/min (Group B). Group B patients had significantly higher total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay than those in Group A (respectively 2.85 and 1.79 more days--P < 0.0001). Relative risk of in-hospital death was 2.09 to Group B (95%CI:1.54-2.84) when compared to Group A. CONCLUSIONS: More than one quarter of the patients with serum creatinine <1.5 mg/dL had creatinine clearance <60 mL/min. This expressive number of patients, that would not have their renal dysfunction detected by the serum creatinine parameter alone, had double the risk of death, longer total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay than the other patients with serum creatinine < 1.5mg/dL.
Assuntos
Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Creatinina/sangue , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Biomarcadores/sangue , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Período Pós-Operatório , Valores de Referência , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicaçõesRESUMO
INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Insuficiência renal crônica pré operatória é fator preditivo independente para mortalidade em cirurgia cardíaca. Como creatinina sérica normal não representa obrigatoriamente função renal normal, comparamos as taxas de mortalidade, de permanência hospitalar total e de permanência hospitalar pós-operatória em pacientes submetidos à cirurgia de revascularização miocárdica isolada com creatinina < 1,5 mg/dL, de acordo com a depuração estimada, normal ou alterada. MÉTODOS: Em 4.765 pacientes submetidos à revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio entre janeiro/1996 e junho/2004, a depuração da creatinina foi estimada através da equação de Cockcroft-Gault. Considerou-se função renal alterada uma depuração da creatinina <60 mL/min/1,73m² (doença renal crônica estágio 3 -National Kidney Foundation-EUA). Mortalidade hospitalar, permanência hospitalar total e permanência hospitalar pós-operatória foram comparadas. RESULTADOS: 4.688 pacientes tinham disponíveis os dados necessários para a análise e 4.403 apresentavam creatinina plasmática < 1,5 mg/dL - 3.177 com depuração da creatinina > 60 mL/min (Grupo A) e 1.226 com <60 ml/min (Grupo B). Pacientes no Grupo B apresentaram permanência hospitalar total e permanência hospitalar pós-operatória significativamente maiores do que no Grupo A (respectivamente 2,85 e 1,79 dias a mais -P<0,0001). Risco relativo de morte intra-hospitalar foi de 2,09 no Grupo B (IC 95%:1,54-2,84) comparado ao Grupo A. CONCLUSÕES: Mais de 1/4 dos pacientes com creatinina < 1,5 mg/dL apresentavam depuração inferior a 60mL/min. Esse expressivo número de pacientes, os quais não teriam sua disfunção renal detectada pela creatinina sérica isoladamente, apresentaram o dobro do risco de mortalidade, e permanência hospitalar total e pós-operatória maiores do que os demais pacientes com creatinina < 1,5mg/dL.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Preoperative chronic renal dysfunction is an independent predictor of mortality in cardiac surgery. As normal range serum creatinine is not representative of normal renal function, we compared mortality rates, total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay for patients who underwent isolated coronary artery bypass surgery with serum creatinine < 1.5mg/dL as to their estimated creatinine clearance, normal or impaired. METHODS: In 4,765 patients submitted to coronary artery bypass surgery between January/1996 and June/2004, the creatinine clearance was estimated by the Cockroft-Gault equation. Impaired renal function was considered as a creatinine clearance <60 mL/min/1.73m² (chronic renal disease stage 3 - National Kidney Foundation-USA). In hospital mortality, total hospital stay, and post-surgical hospital stay were compared. RESULTS: 4,688 patients had the required data, and 4,403 presented serum creatinine < 1.5mg/dL - 3,177 with creatinine clearance > 60mL/min (Group A), and 1,226 with <60mL/min (Group B). Group B patients had significantly higher total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay than those in Group A (respectively 2.85 and 1.79 more days - P<0.0001). Relative risk of in-hospital death was 2.09 to Group B (95%CI:1.54-2.84) when compared to Group A. CONCLUSIONS: More than one quarter of the patients with serum creatinine <1.5mg/dL had creatinine clearance <60 mL/min. This expressive number of patients, that would not have their renal dysfunction detected by the serum creatinine parameter alone, had double the risk of death, longer total hospital stay and post-surgical hospital stay than the other patients with serum creatinine < 1.5mg/dL.
Assuntos
Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Ponte de Artéria Coronária/mortalidade , Creatinina/sangue , Mortalidade Hospitalar , Tempo de Internação/estatística & dados numéricos , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/mortalidade , Biomarcadores/sangue , Métodos Epidemiológicos , Período Pós-Operatório , Valores de Referência , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/sangue , Insuficiência Renal Crônica/complicaçõesRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Safety, feasibility and early myocardial angiogenic effects evaluation of transthoracic intramyocardial phVEGF165 administration for refractory angina in no option patients. METHODS: Cohort study, in which 13 patients with refractory angina under optimized clinical treatment where included, after cineangiograms had been evaluated and found unfeasible by surgeon and interventional cardiologist. Intramyocardial injections of 5 mL solution containing plasmidial VEGF165 where done over the ischemic area of myocardium identified by previous SPECT/Sestamibi scan. Evaluations included a SPECT scan, stress test, Minnesota QOL questionnaire and NYHA functional class and CCS angina class determinations. RESULTS: There were no deaths or new interventions during the study period. There were no significant variations in SPECT scans, QOL scores and stress tests results during medical treatment in the included patients. After the 3rd post operative month, there was improvement in SPECT segmental scores, SSS (18.38 ± 7.51 vs. 15.31 ± 7.29, P = 0.003) and SRS (11.92 ± 7.49 vs. 8.53 ± 6.68, P = 0.002). The ischemic area extension, however, had non-significant variation (23.38 ± 13.12% vs. 20.08 ± 13.88%, P = 0.1). Stress tests METs varied from 7.66 ± 4.47 pre to 10.29 ± 4.36 METs post-op (P = 0.08). QOL score improved from 48.23 ± 18.35 pre to 30.15 ± 20.13 post-op points (P = 0.02). NYHA class was 3.15 ± 0.38 pre vs. 1.77 ± 0.83 post-op (P = 0.001) and angina CCS class, 3.08 ± 0.64 vs. 1.77 ± 0.83 (P = 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Intramyocardial VEGF165 therapy for refractory angina, in this small trial of no option patients, resulted feasible and safe. Early clinical and scintilographic data showed improvements in symptoms and myocardial perfusion, with regression of ischemia severity in treated areas.
Assuntos
Angina Pectoris/terapia , Indutores da Angiogênese/administração & dosagem , Terapia Genética/métodos , Isquemia Miocárdica/terapia , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/administração & dosagem , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/genética , Indutores da Angiogênese/efeitos adversos , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Plasmídeos/administração & dosagem , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Resultado do Tratamento , Fator A de Crescimento do Endotélio Vascular/efeitos adversosRESUMO
OBJETIVO: Avaliar a segurança, viabilidade e efeitos iniciais, clínicos e sobre a perfusão miocárdica, da administração intramiocárdica, transtorácica, de VEGF 165 plasmidial em pacientes com doença arterial coronariana avançada e angina refratária, não passíveis de revascularização percutânea e cirúrgica. MÉTODOS: Ensaio clínico fase I/II. Treze pacientes cardiopatas isquêmicos com angina refratária apesar de tratamento medicamentoso máximo por no mínimo seis meses, não passíveis de revascularização cirúrgica ou por cateter foram submetidos a injeções intramiocárdicas de 2000µg VEGF 165 plasmidial. Os pacientes foram avaliados por cintilografia miocárdica, teste ergométrico, questionário de qualidade de vida (Minnesota) e determinação das classes de insuficiência cardíaca (NYHA) e angina (CCS). RESULTADOS: Não houve óbitos ou reintervenções. Durante o período de tratamento medicamentoso máximo, não se observou diferenças em cintilografias miocárdicas, testes ergométricos e questionários de qualidade de vida, ainda, houve tendência a piora das classes NYHA (P=0,05) e CCS (P=0,05). Três meses após intervenção, observou-se melhora dos escores cintilográficos SSS (18,38±7,51 vs. 15,31±7,29, P=0,003) e SRS (11,92±7,49 vs. 8,53±6,68, P=0,002), porém não na proporção da extensão da área de miocárdio isquêmico (23,38±13,12 por cento vs. 20,08±13,88 por cento, P=0,1). Houve tendência a melhora dos METs nas ergometrias (7,66±4,47 vs. 10,29±4,36, P=0,08), melhora do escore de qualidade de vida (48,23±18,35 vs. 30,15±20,13; P=0,02) e das classes NYHA (3,15±0,38 vs. 1,77±0,83, P=0,001) e CCS (3,08±0,64 vs. 1,77±0,83, P=0,001), no mesmo período. CONCLUSÕES: A terapia demonstrou-se segura e viável nesta série de pacientes. Os resultados iniciais tendem a demonstrar melhora na gravidade da angina e redução da intensidade da isquemia miocárdica.
OBJECTIVE: Safety, feasibility and early myocardial angiogenic effects evaluation of transthoracic intramyocardial phVEGF165 administration for refractory angina in no option patients. METHODS: Cohort study, in which 13 patients with refractory angina under optimized clinical treatment where included, after cineangiograms had been evaluated and found unfeasible by surgeon and interventional cardiologist. Intramyocardial injections of 5mL solution containing plasmidial VEGF165 where done over the ischemic area of myocardium identified by previous SPECT/Sestamibi scan. Evaluations included a SPECT scan, stress test, Minnesotta QOL questionnaire and NYHA functional class and CCS angina class determinations. RESULTS: There were no deaths or new interventions during the study period. There were no significant variations in SPECT scans, QOL scores and stress tests results during medical treatment in the included patients. After the 3rd post operative month, there was improvement in SPECT segmental scores, SSS (18.38±7.51 vs. 15.31±7.29, P=0.003) and SRS (11.92±7.49 vs. 8.53±6.68, P=0.002). The ischemic area extension, however, had non-significant variation (23.38±13.12 percent vs. 20.08±13.88 percent, P=0.1). Stress tests METs varied from 7.66±4.47 pre to 10.29±4.36 METs post-op (P=0.08). QOL score improved from 48.23±18.35 pre to 30.15±20.13 post-op points (P=0.02). NYHA class was 3.15±0.38 pre vs. 1.77±0.83 post-op (P=0.001) and angina CCS class, 3.08±0.64 vs. 1.77±0.83 (P=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Intramyocardial VEGF165 therapy for refractory angina, in this small trial of no option patients, resulted feasible and safe. Early clinical and scintilographic data showed improvements in symptoms and myocardial perfusion, with regression of ischemia severity in treated areas.