RESUMO
PURPOSE: The state of Puebla has the social marginalization and ecological conditions for the transmission of infectious agents to be effective. Until a few years ago, the state of Puebla was considered non-endemic to the presence of Trypanosoma cruzi as there are no official reports of chronic cases. The objective of this work was to carry out a preliminary study on the prevalence of anti-T. cruzi antibodies in rural areas of the Huatlatlauca municipality in the Mixtec sierra of the state of Puebla. METHODS: A total of 196 serum samples from 12 rural localities were tested by using four tests: two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, an xenodiagnoses and PCR assay. RESULTS: Overall, 28 (14.2%) of 196 samples were positive for T. cruzi by ≥ 2 tests (95% CI 6.6-20.8%). Our results suggested that the municipality of Huatlatlauca in the Mixteca Sierra of the state of Puebla is an area with endemic potential for the disease with a high prevalence rate in the adult population and with cases in newborns, these high transmission rates are probably associated with problems of congenital and vector transmission. CONCLUSION: Additional studies should be conducted to generate adequate campaigns for the control of Chagas disease in this area.
Assuntos
Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , População Rural/estatística & dados numéricos , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Estudos Transversais , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Geografia , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Dados Preliminares , Prevalência , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Adulto JovemRESUMO
We analyzed the geographic distribution using ecological niche modeling of three species of triatomines distributed in the Mexican state of Puebla. Punctual records were gathered for a period of 5 yr of fieldwork sampling. We used the genetic algorithm for rule-set production (GARP) to achieve the potential distribution of the ecological niche of triatomines. The models showed that Triatoma barberi and Meccus pallidipennis are sympatric and widely distributed in the central-southern part of the state, whereas T. dimidata is restricted to the northern mountains of the state with no overlapping among other species, M. bassolsae was not modeled because of the scarce number of locality records. We highlighted the warm and dry conditions in southern Puebla as important potential areas for triatomine presence. Finally, we correlated the species potential presence with the human population at risk of acquiring Chagas disease by vector-borne transmission; it is showed that M. pallidipennis presents the highest values of both ecological and poverty risk scenarios representing the main potential vector in the state.