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The potential cause-effect relationship between synoptic meteorological conditions and levels of criteria air pollutants, including CO, NO2, O3, PM10, PM2.5 and SO2, in Bahia Blanca, Argentina, was assessed for the period of 2018-2019. Daily back-trajectories and global meteorological data fields were employed to characterize the primary transport paths of air masses reaching the study site, and to identify the synoptic meteorological patterns responsible for these atmospheric circulations. Time series of surface-level meteorological parameters and midday mixing layer height were collected to examine the impact of the synoptic meteorological patterns on local meteorology. Furthermore, the NAAPS global aerosol model was utilized to identify days when contributions from long-range transport processes, such as dust and/or biomass burning smoke, impacted air quality. By applying this methodology, it was determined that the air masses coming from the N, NW and W regions significantly contributed to increased mean concentrations of coarse particles in this area through long-range transport events involving dust and smoke. Indeed, the high average levels of PM10 recorded in 2018-2019 (annual mean values of 47 and 52 µg/m3, respectively) represent the main air quality concern in Bahía Blanca. Moreover, PM10, PM2.5 and NO2 emissions should be reduced in order to meet recommended air quality guidelines. On the other hand, the results from this study suggest that the sources and meteorological processes leading to the increase in the concentrations of CO and SO2 have a local-regional origin, although these air pollutants did not reach high values probably as a consequence of the strong wind speed registered in this region during any synoptic meteorological pattern.

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The electronic structures of the ground and excited electronic states involved in the oxidative and reductive quenching cycles of 12 relevant ruthenium, iridium, and copper photoredox catalysts (S0, T1, Dox, and Dred) are characterized using the recently developed effective oxidation state (EOS) analysis, allowing the monitoring of metal and ligand oxidation states (OSs) along the catalytic cycles. The formal oxidation state assignments derived from the EOS analysis are in agreement with those commonly assumed for these complexes in both ground and excited states. Rather clean and separate ligand- and metal-centered redox events along the different quenching cycles are observed in most of the studied molecular systems. The reliability index obtained for the OS assignations can be readily interpreted in terms of the ionic/covalent character of metal-ligand interactions and ligand non-innocent character. In addition, EOS analysis reveals the high-degree localization of the ligand-centered redox event to one or two redox-active ligand(s) in heteroleptic complexes. Ligand- and metal-condensed spin populations were also computed and analyzed for all the open-shell species involved in this study, showing promises for rapid oxidation state assignments in certain systems, especially Ru complexes, however, suffering from severe defects in other cases.

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Resumen OBJETIVO: Comparar la eficacia del misoprostol intravaginal con el dispositivo vaginal de liberación prolongada de dinoprostona en la inducción del parto. Además, analizar el perfil de seguridad en relación con los desenlaces maternos y perinatales. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio retrospectivo y comparativo efectuado en pacientes atendidas entre 2018 y 2020 en el Área Sanitaria de Ferrol, La Coruña, España, con partos que se iniciaron con inducción con prostaglandinas. Las pacientes se dividieron en dos cohortes, en función de la prostaglandina sintética administrada (misoprostol por vía vaginal o dinoprostona en dispositivo intravaginal). Para la comparación entre ambos grupos se aplicó la prueba U de Mann-Whitney. Para las variables cualitativas se describió su cantidad total y el porcentaje, que se compararon con prueba de χ2 de Pearson. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 508 pacientes con inducción del parto. En las indicaciones de ésta no se encontraron diferencias entre uno y otro grupo, aunque destacó la indicación del misoprostol en pacientes con embarazo cronológicamente prolongado (63%) y de dinoprostona en rotura prematura de membranas (49%). En relación con los desenlaces perinatales, se registró un Apgar menor de 7 a los 5 minutos en 2 pacientes tratadas con dinoprostona y 1 con misoprostol; así como un pH arterial umbilical menor de 7.10 en 8 pacientes tratadas con dinoprostona y 7 con misoprostol. CONCLUSIONES: Los datos aquí reportados hacen suponer que ambas prostaglandinas consiguen una tasa de inicio del parto similar, aunque la dinoprostona parece reducir el tiempo hasta el inicio del parto en mujeres con indicación de inducción.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of intravaginal misoprostol with the dinoprostone extended-release vaginal device in labor induction. In addition, to analyze the safety profile in relation to maternal and perinatal outcomes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective and comparative study performed in patients attended between 2018 and 2020 in the Health Area of Ferrol, La Coruña, Spain, with deliveries that were initiated with prostaglandin induction. The patients were divided into two cohorts, depending on the synthetic prostaglandin administered (misoprostol vaginally or dinoprostone in intravaginal device). The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare the two groups. For qualitative variables, the total number and percentage were described and compared with Pearson's 2 test. RESULTS: A total of 508 patients undergoing labor induction were analyzed. No differences were found in the indications for induction of labor between one group and the other, although the indication for misoprostol in patients with chronologically prolonged pregnancy (63%) and for dinoprostone in premature rupture of membranes (49%) stood out. In relation to perinatal outcomes, an Apgar of less than 7 at 5 minutes was recorded in 2 patients treated with dinoprostone and 1 with misoprostol; as well as an umbilical arterial pH of less than 7.10 in 8 patients treated with dinoprostone and 7 with misoprostol. CONCLUSIONS: The data reported here suggest that both prostaglandins achieve a similar rate of onset of labor, although dinoprostone appears to reduce the time to onset of labor in women indicated for induction.

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OBJECTIVE: To discuss remote activities in nursing education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic for strengthening nursing from the perspective of the "Nursing Now" campaign. METHOD: Theoretical-reflective study based on literature and critical analysis. DISCUSSION: Reflection about the measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic and suspend in-person classes, the adoption of alternative forms of teaching, especially online ones, and their repercussions on nursing teaching strategies. There were difficulties regarding the quality of education, unequal access, and lack of knowledge from professors. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: The negative impact that emergency distance teaching had on the education of nurses stands out, in contrast to the world movement for the valuing of nurses. The legacy of this crisis must be taken advantage of through the better use of technological resources and their incorporation in teaching, having as a certainty that the distance teaching model does not encompass the totality of nursing education.

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ABSTRACT Objective To discuss remote activities in nursing education in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic for strengthening nursing from the perspective of the "Nursing Now" campaign. Method Theoretical-reflective study based on literature and critical analysis. Discussion Reflection about the measures to control the COVID-19 pandemic and suspend in-person classes, the adoption of alternative forms of teaching, especially online ones, and their repercussions on nursing teaching strategies. There were difficulties regarding the quality of education, unequal access, and lack of knowledge from professors. Final considerations The negative impact that emergency distance teaching had on the education of nurses stands out, in contrast to the world movement for the valuing of nurses. The legacy of this crisis must be taken advantage of through the better use of technological resources and their incorporation in teaching, having as a certainty that the distance teaching model does not encompass the totality of nursing education.

RESUMEN Objetivo Discutir las actividades remotas en la educación de enfermería en el contexto de la pandemia de la COVID-19 y en medio de la búsqueda global para fortalecer la enfermería en la perspectiva de la campaña "Nursing Now". Método Estudio teórico-reflexivo de la literatura científica y análisis crítica. Discusión Reflexión sobre las medidas de control de la pandemia COVID-19 y suspensión de las clases presenciales, la adopción de formas alternativas de enseñanza, especialmente digital online, y las repercusiones en las estrategias de enseñanza de enfermería. Hubo dificultades en la calidad de la educación, desigualdad de acceso y falta de formación docente. Consideraciones finales Se destacan los prejuicios en la formación del enfermero por la educación a distancia de emergencia, en contraste con el movimiento mundial por la valorización de la enfermería. Como herencia de este proceso, se debe aprovechar los recursos tecnológicos e incorporarlos al aprendizaje, teniendo como certeza que el modelo remoto no contempla la educación en enfermería en su totalidad.

RESUMO Objetivo Discutir as atividades não presenciais no ensino de enfermagem, no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19 e em meio à campanha "Nursing Now" pelo fortalecimento da enfermagem. Método Estudo teórico-reflexivo da literatura e análise crítica. Discussão Rreflexão sobre as medidas de controle da pandemia da COVID-19 e suspensão de aulas presenciais, a adoção de formas alternativas de ensino, especialmente digitais online, e as repercussões nas estratégias de ensino de enfermagem. Destacam-se dificuldades na qualidade do ensino, acesso desigual e falta de preparo docente. Considerações finais Destacam-se prejuízos na formação dos enfermeiros no ensino emergencial a distância, em contraste com o movimento mundial pela valorização da enfermagem. Como herança dessa crise, deve-se melhor aproveitar os recursos tecnológicos e incorporá-los ao ensino, tendo como certeza que o modelo de ensino remoto não contempla a enfermagem em sua totalidade.

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Abstract Objectives Differential diagnosis of COVID-19 includes a broad range of conditions. Prioritizing containment efforts, protective personal equipment and testing can be challenging. Our aim was to develop a tool to identify patients with higher probability of COVID-19 diagnosis at admission. Methods This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 100 patients admitted with suspected COVID-19. Predictive models of COVID-19 diagnosis were performed based on radiology, clinical and laboratory findings; bootstrapping was performed in order to account for overfitting. Results A total of 29% of patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Variables associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in multivariate analysis were leukocyte count ≤7.7 × 103 mm-3, LDH >273 U/L, and chest radiographic abnormality. A predictive score was built for COVID-19 diagnosis, with an area under ROC curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.77-0.92), 96% sensitivity and 73.5% specificity. After bootstrapping, the corrected AUC for this model was 0.827 (95% CI 0.75-0.90). Conclusions Considering unavailability of RT-PCR at some centers, as well as its questionable early sensitivity, other tools might be used in order to identify patients who should be prioritized for testing, re-testing and admission to isolated wards. We propose a predictive score that can be easily applied in clinical practice. This score is yet to be validated in larger populations.

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OBJECTIVES: Differential diagnosis of COVID-19 includes a broad range of conditions. Prioritizing containment efforts, protective personal equipment and testing can be challenging. Our aim was to develop a tool to identify patients with higher probability of COVID-19 diagnosis at admission. METHODS: This cross-sectional study analyzed data from 100 patients admitted with suspected COVID-19. Predictive models of COVID-19 diagnosis were performed based on radiology, clinical and laboratory findings; bootstrapping was performed in order to account for overfitting. RESULTS: A total of 29% of patients tested positive for SARS-CoV-2. Variables associated with COVID-19 diagnosis in multivariate analysis were leukocyte count ≤7.7×103mm-3, LDH >273U/L, and chest radiographic abnormality. A predictive score was built for COVID-19 diagnosis, with an area under ROC curve of 0.847 (95% CI 0.77-0.92), 96% sensitivity and 73.5% specificity. After bootstrapping, the corrected AUC for this model was 0.827 (95% CI 0.75-0.90). CONCLUSIONS: Considering unavailability of RT-PCR at some centers, as well as its questionable early sensitivity, other tools might be used in order to identify patients who should be prioritized for testing, re-testing and admission to isolated wards. We propose a predictive score that can be easily applied in clinical practice. This score is yet to be validated in larger populations.

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