RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Background: Leptospirosis and brucellosis are zoonosis worldwide distributed that have great economic importance, especially in goats. This study aimed to carry out a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence of anti-Leptospira spp. and anti-Brucella abortus antibodies and to determine epidemiological variables associated to infection by these ethiological agents in goats.Materials, Methods & Results: Serum samples were collected from 1055 goats of 95 properties distributed in 18 regional centers of Paraná State from April to August of 2010. Collected samples were submitted to microscopic agglutination test (MAT) for the detection of anti-Leptospira spp. antibodies with 22 reference serovars: Australis, Bratislava, Autumnalis, Butembo, Castellonis, Bataviae, Canicola, Fortbragg, Whitcombi, Cynopteri, Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Copenhageni, Icterohaemorrhagiae, Panama, Pomona, Pyrogenes, Hardjo, Wolffi, Shermani, Tarassovi and Londrina 1 (L1). The samples were also submitted to buffered acidified plate antigen test (BAPA) and 2-mercaptoethanol test (2-ME) to detect anti-Brucella abortus antibodies. The results obtained from epidemiological and serological study were analysed by Epi Info 3.5.3. We observed 9.9% (104/1055) of goats reagents in at least one serovar of Leptospira spp. and no reagent animal to Brucella abortus. The variables that were statistically signif
RESUMO
Pteridium aquilinum (bracken fern) is one of the most concerning toxic vegetables in many countries in the world. Therefore, science aims to find ways for the epidemiological control of bovine intoxication with the purpose of making early diagnoses of Bovine Enzootic Hematuriae. Researches have shown a high correlation between the excessive production of mucoprotein by animals with Bovine Enzootic Hematuriae and sialic acid, proving that this acid acts as an inflammatory biochemical marker associated to bladder tumor development. Based on this information, serum sialic acid levels of clinically healthy Nellore heifers (control group) were statistically compared to Nellore heifers raised in bracken fern endemic properties (experimental group). The average level of serum sialic acid of the control groups was not different from the sialic acid level of the affected group (0.611± 0.225 g/L and 0.615 ± 0.258 g/L, respectively). Results obtained in the present study demonstrate no differences of the sialic acid average levels between the groups. Therefore, measurement of sialic acid serum levels was not effective as a neoplasic biochemical marker in Nellore heifers continuously fed with bracken fern.KEYWORDS: biochemical marker; bovine; Pteridium aquilinum; sialic acid.
A Pteridium aquilinum (samambaia) é um dos vegetais tóxicos mais preocupantes em vários países do mundo, frequentemente verificada como causadora de quadros de toxidez em bovinos. Por essa razão, a ciência busca, através das instituições de pesquisa, encontrar meios para o controle epidemiológico dessa intoxicação, visando diagnosticar precocemente a forma clínica da hematúria enzoótica dos bovinos. Estudos realizados demonstraram a alta correlação entre a produção excessiva de mucoproteína por células neoplásicas no interior da bexiga de bovinos com hematúria enzoótica e o ácido siálico, comprovando que esse ácido atua como biomarcador tumoral. Com base nessas comprovações, confrontou-se o nível de ácido siálico sérico de novilhas da raça Nelore criadas em propriedade isenta de samambaia (grupo controle) com os níveis séricos obtidos em novilhas criadas em propriedades com alta infestação da planta (grupo experimental). A média dessa substância no soro sanguíneo do grupo controle apresentou-se muito próxima à média do grupo experimental (0,611±0,225 e 0,615±0,258 g/L, respectivamente). O resultado obtido na presente pesquisa demonstrou que as diferenças entre as médias dos grupos não foram significativas. Portanto, o ácido siálico não se mostrou efetivo como biomarcador tumoral em novilhas com intoxicação pela ingestão contínua de samambaia.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ácido siálico; bioma
RESUMO
Pteridium aquilinum (bracken fern) is one of the most concerning toxic vegetables in many countries in the world. Therefore, science aims to find ways for the epidemiological control of bovine intoxication with the purpose of making early diagnoses of Bovine Enzootic Hematuriae. Researches have shown a high correlation between the excessive production of mucoprotein by animals with Bovine Enzootic Hematuriae and sialic acid, proving that this acid acts as an inflammatory biochemical marker associated to bladder tumor development. Based on this information, serum sialic acid levels of clinically healthy Nellore heifers (control group) were statistically compared to Nellore heifers raised in bracken fern endemic properties (experimental group). The average level of serum sialic acid of the control groups was not different from the sialic acid level of the affected group (0.611± 0.225 g/L and 0.615 ± 0.258 g/L, respectively). Results obtained in the present study demonstrate no differences of the sialic acid average levels between the groups. Therefore, measurement of sialic acid serum levels was not effective as a neoplasic biochemical marker in Nellore heifers continuously fed with bracken fern.KEYWORDS: biochemical marker; bovine; Pteridium aquilinum; sialic acid.
A Pteridium aquilinum (samambaia) é um dos vegetais tóxicos mais preocupantes em vários países do mundo, frequentemente verificada como causadora de quadros de toxidez em bovinos. Por essa razão, a ciência busca, através das instituições de pesquisa, encontrar meios para o controle epidemiológico dessa intoxicação, visando diagnosticar precocemente a forma clínica da hematúria enzoótica dos bovinos. Estudos realizados demonstraram a alta correlação entre a produção excessiva de mucoproteína por células neoplásicas no interior da bexiga de bovinos com hematúria enzoótica e o ácido siálico, comprovando que esse ácido atua como biomarcador tumoral. Com base nessas comprovações, confrontou-se o nível de ácido siálico sérico de novilhas da raça Nelore criadas em propriedade isenta de samambaia (grupo controle) com os níveis séricos obtidos em novilhas criadas em propriedades com alta infestação da planta (grupo experimental). A média dessa substância no soro sanguíneo do grupo controle apresentou-se muito próxima à média do grupo experimental (0,611±0,225 e 0,615±0,258 g/L, respectivamente). O resultado obtido na presente pesquisa demonstrou que as diferenças entre as médias dos grupos não foram significativas. Portanto, o ácido siálico não se mostrou efetivo como biomarcador tumoral em novilhas com intoxicação pela ingestão contínua de samambaia.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: ácido siálico; bioma
RESUMO
We measured lead and cadmium concentrations in samples of mineral mixtures commercialized in Londrina city. Lead and cadmium content were determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry. Considering maximum concentrations recommended by National Research Council (1996) and Association of American Feed Control Officials Incorporated (2001), of the 10 analyzed samples, 06 had values greater than 30 ppm of lead and all of them had values greater than 0.5 ppm of cadmium. These findings show the necessity for careful industrial monitoring because some mineral mixtures contain sufficient lead and cadmium to cause bovine toxicity.
Para se proceder a uma investigação em misturas minerais, foi realizada uma pesquisa quantificando os elementos chumbo e cádmio em diferentes formulações, comercializadas na cidade de Londrina. Os metais pesados foram determinados pela técnica de espectrofotometria de absorção atômica por plasma de indução acoplada. Considerando como parâmetro de comparação às referências do National Research Council (1996) e a Association of American Feed Control Officials Incorporated (2001), em 10 diferentes marcas analisadas, seis apresentaram níveis de chumbo inorgânico superiores ao limite máximo aceitável que é de 30 ppm. Contudo, em todas as amostras o nível de cádmio encontrado superou o limite de 0,5 ppm, que é o valor máximo aceitável. Os resultados demonstram a urgente necessidade de monitoramento junto aos fabricantes e/ou revendedores, pois algumas misturas minerais podem ser eminentemente perigosas, possibilitando efeitos cumulativos tóxicos de chumbo e cádmio inorgânico aos bovinos.