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Objetivo: validar el cuestionario "Conocimientos y comportamientos de autocuidado de la mu-jer embarazada ante los trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo - CoNOCiTHE". Materiales y Métodos: estudio psicométrico de validez y confiabilidad, realizado en el segundo semestre del 2022 en Santander, Colombia, con una muestra de 217 mujeres embarazadas. La consistencia interna se evaluó con el coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, la confiabilidad test-retest a partir del Coeficiente de Correlación Intraclase (CCI). La validez, examinó la validez de criterio conver-gente y de grupos conocidos. Resultados: La escala con 72 ítems originales, luego de un análi-sis de correlación condujo a la eliminación de 14 ítems. El instrumento en su versión definitiva evidenció una consistencia interna de 0,67 y una estabilidad test-retest con un CCI de 0,96. La validez convergente demostró una correlación significativa con los resultados conocimiento: proceso de la enfermedad (rho=0,405; p=0,019) y control del riesgo: hipertensión (rho= 0,503; p=0,003). En la validez de grupos conocidos se encontró diferencias en las puntuaciones de mujeres con más de 20 semanas de gestación y menos de 20 (p=0,009). Conclusiones: Las propiedades psicométricas aceptables del cuestionario lo convierten en una herramienta válida para evaluar el conocimiento y los comportamientos de autocuidado ante los trastornos hi-pertensivos del embarazo en el idioma español y en el contexto Colombiano

Objetive: validate the questionnaire "Knowledge and self-care behaviors of pregnant women in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy - CoNOCiTHE". Materials and meth-ods: psychometric study of validity and reliability, conducted in the second half of 2022 in Santander, Colombia, with a sample of 217 pregnant women. Internal consistency was eval-uated with Cronbach's alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability from the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). To assess validity, convergent criterion and known groups were examined. Results: The scale con72 original items, after a correlation analysis led to the elimination of 14 items. The instrument in its definitive version showed an internal consistency of 0.67 and a test-retest stability with a CCI of 0.96. Convergent validity showed a significant correlation with the outcome's knowledge: disease process (rho=0.405; p=0.019) and risk control: hy-pertension (rho= 0.503; p=0.003). In the validity of known groups differences were found in the scores of women with more than 20 weeks of gestation and less than 20 (p=0.009). Con-clusions: The acceptable psychometric properties of the questionnaire make it a valid tool to evaluate knowledge and self-care behaviors in the face of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy in the Spanish language and in the Colombian context

Objetivo: validar o questionário "Conhecimentos e comportamentos de autocuidado da mulher grávida ante os transtornos hipertensivos da gravidez - CoNOCiTHE". Materias e métodos: estudo psicométrico de validade e confiabilidade, realizado no segundo semestre de 2022 em Santander, Colômbia, com amostra de 217 mulheres grávidas. A consistência interna foi avaliada com o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, a fiabilidade teste-reteste a partir do Coeficiente de Cor-relação Intraclasse (CCI). Para avaliar a validade, a validade de critério convergente e os grupos conhecidos foram examinados. Resultados: a escala com 72 itens originais, após uma análise de correlação, levou à eliminação de 14 itens. O instrumento na sua versão final evidenciou uma consistência interna de 0,67 e uma estabilidade test-retest com um CCI de 0,96. A validade convergente demonstrou um correlação significativa com os resultados conhecimento: processo da doença (rho=0,405; p=0,019) e controlo de risco: hipertensão (rho= 0,503; p=0,003). Na vali-dade de grupos conhecidos foram encontradas diferenças nas pontuações de mulheres com mais de 20 semanas de gestação e com menos de 20 semanas de gestação (p=0,009). Conclusões: as propriedades psicométricas aceitáveis do questionário o tornam uma ferramenta válida para avaliar o conhecimento e os comportamentos de autocuidado diante dos transtornos hiperten-sivos da gravidez na língua espanhola e no contexto Colombiano

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Resumen Antecedentes: el sobrepeso y la obesidad son considerados una epidemia. Es importante indagar sobre estas condiciones en estudiantes de Nutrición y Dietética, pues en su desempeño profesional serán actores relevantes en la prevención e intervención de esta problemática. Objetivo: identificar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad y sus factores asociados en estudiantes de Nutrición y Dietética de una universidad pública de Medellín, Colombia. Materiales y métodos: estudio descriptivo trans versal realizado por muestreo aleatorio estratificado con 201 estudiantes. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado autodiligenciado que incluyó variables para identificar factores de riesgo relacionados con características sociodemográficas, antecedentes familiares y conductas saludables; así como síntomas de ansiedad y depresión. Para estimar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad, se calculó el IMC. Resultados: la prevalencia de exceso de peso fue de 17,9 % (15,9 % sobrepeso y 2,0 % obesidad). Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre exceso de peso, las variables sexo (OR=4,6) y el antecedente familiar de hipertensión (OR=3,2). La conducta no saludable más frecuente fue la no realización de actividad física (53,7 %). De los estudiantes encuestados, el 64,7 % refirió síntomas presuntivos de ansiedad y el 57,2 % de depresión; sin embargo, no se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre estas variables y el exceso de peso. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de exceso de peso en el grupo estudiado es inferior a la de otros estudiantes universitarios. El exceso de peso se asocia, según el modelo predictivo, con ser mujer, tener antecedentes familiares de hipertensión y la conducta de continuar comiendo aun cuando se está satisfecho; además, se encuentra un alto porcentaje de estudiantes con síntomas presuntivos de depresión y ansiedad.

Abstract Background: Overweight and obesity are considered an epidemic. It's important to investigate the factors surrounding these conditions in nutrition and dietetics students; given that in the discourse of their studies and careers these risk factors and conditions will be relevant in the prevention and control of this epidemic. Objective: Identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related factors in nutrition and dietetics students in a public university in Medellin, Colombia. Materials and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study carried out by stratified random sampling in 201 students. A self-report structured questionnaire was applied that included variables to identify risk factors related to sociodemographic characteristics, family history and health behaviors, as well as symptoms of anxiety and depression. To estimate the prevalences of overweight and obesity, BMI was used. Results: The combined prevalence of overweight and obesity was 17.9% (15.9% overweight and 2.0% obesity). A statistically significant association was found between excess weight and gender (OR=4.6) and family history of hypertension (OR=3.2). The most frequent unhealthy behavior identified was not participating in physical activity (53.7%). Of participant students, 64.7% referred to symptoms of anxiety and 57.2% to symptoms of depression; however, it must be noted that no statistical significance was found between these variables and excess weight. Conclusions: The prevalence of excess weight in the group studied is less than in other university students. Excess weight is associated with female gender, family history of hypertension, and the habit of continuing to eat even once one feels full. Additionally, it was found that a high percentage of students identify with symptoms indicative of anxiety and depression.

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Objetivo: Describir la relación entre el personal de enfermería y las gestantes durante el trabajo de parto, desde la perspectiva de la mujer. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo y transversal. Se incluyó el 92,4% del total de las gestantes en trabajo de parto atendidas en una institución de salud de la ciudad de Medellín, entre los meses de junio y julio de 2017. Se aplicó un cuestionario ad hoc, diseñado a la luz de las fases de la relación interpersonal enfermera paciente, descritas por Hildegard Peplau, el cual fue sometido a una prueba piloto y concepto de cinco expertos. Se aplicaron pruebas chi-cuadrado y se construyó un modelo de regresión logística. Resultados: Participaron 540 mujeres con edad promedio de 25,6 años (DE 6,0). El 91,9 % valoran como positiva su relación con la enfermera. Se encontró que, a mayor edad de la gestante, mejor comunicación con el personal de enfermería (X2 = 15,9 p= 0,003) y que las madres con parto previo tuvieron una mejor experiencia frente al cuidado (X2 = 4,28 p= 0,038). La regresión logística mostró (90% de confianza) que una relación positiva con el personal de enfermería en el parto está relacionada con: la edad (OR=0,9, IC = 0,867 ­ 0,989), aclarar las dudas frente al parto (OR=18,0, IC = 6,641 ­ 48,938), evitar el frío (OR=6,1, IC =2,347 ­ 16,3) y la ayuda para tranquilizarse (OR=4,1, IC = 1,45 ­ 11,714). Conclusión: Durante el cuidado de la gestante en trabajo de parto, es importante aclarar las dudas, brindar medidas de confort y generar estrategias para tranquilizarla, así como para establecer una relación interpersonal positiva en la experiencia del trabajo de parto

Objective: Describe the relationship between the nursing personnel and the expecting mothers during labor, from the perspective of women. Methods: Descriptive and crosssectional study. From the total expecting mothers, 92,4% were included during labor and were attended in a healthcare institution in the city of Medellin between the months or June and July, 2017. A type ad hoc questionnaire was applied, designed in light of the phases of the interpersonal relationship between the nurse and patient, described by Hildegard Peplau, which was subject to a pilot experiment and concept of five experts. Chisquared tests were applied and a model or logistic regression was built. Results: 540 women participated with an average age of 25,6 years (SD 6,0). 91,9% rate as positive their relationship with the nurse. It was found that the older the expecting mother is, the better the communication with the nursing personnel (X2 = 15,9 p= 0,003) and also that mothers with previous births had a better experience of care (X2 = 4,28 p= 0,038). The logistic regression showed (90% reliability) that a positive relationship with the nursing personnel during birth is related to: age (OR=0,9, IC = 0,867 ­ 0,989), clarifying questions about giving birth (OR=18,0, IC = 6,641 ­ 48,938), avoid coldness (OR=6,1, IC =2,347 ­ 16,3) and help the mother to be calm (OR=4,1, IC = 1,45 ­ 11,714). Conclusion: During the care for the birth of the expecting mother, it is important to clarify questions, provide comfort measures and generate strategies to calm the mother, as well as to establish a positive interpersonal relationship during the birth experience.

Objetivo: Descrever a relação entre o pessoal de enfermagem e as gestantes durante o trabalho de parto, desde a perspectiva da grávida. Métodos: Estudo descritivo, transversal. Estudaram-se o 92.4% das gestantes em trabalho de parto atendidas numa instituição de saúde da cidade de Medellín, entre os meses de junho e julho de 2017. Aplicou-se o questionário Ad Hoc, desenhado à luz das fases do relacionamento interpessoal enfermeira-paciente, descritas por Hildegard Peplau, submetido a prova piloto e conceito de cinco expertos. Aplicaram-se provas de Chi-quadrado e construiu-se um modelo de regressão logística. Resultados: Participaram 540 mulheres com idade média de 25.6 anos (DE6.0). O 91.9% considerou positivo seu relacionamento com a enfermeira. Encontrou-se que a maior idade a gestante comunicase melhor com o pessoal de enfermagem (X2 = 15,9 p= 0,003) e que as gestantes com gravidez previa tiveram melhor experiência frente ao cuidado (X2 = 4,28 p= 0,038). A regressão logística mostrou (90% de confiança) que o relacionamento positivo com a enfermeira no trabalho de parto esteve relacionado com as variáveis: idade (OR=0,9, IC = 0,867 ­ 0,989), esclarecer dúvidas do parto (OR=18,0, IC = 6,641 ­ 48,938), evitar a friagem (OR=6,1, IC =2,347 ­ 16,3) e a ajuda para tranquilizar-se (OR=4,1, IC = 1,45 ­ 11,714). Conclusão: Durante o cuidado da gestante no trabalho de parto, é importante esclarecer dúvidas, prestar medidas de conforto, gerar estratégias para tranquiliza-la, assim como estabelecer um relacionamento interpessoal positivo na experiência do trabalho de parto.

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The aim of the present study is to validate the Self-Efficacy in Palliative Care Scale (SEPC) in Spanish nursing professionals and students, to describe their levels of self-efficacy, and to determine the influencing factors. A validation study and a cross-sectional descriptive study were carried out, with the data analysed using contrast tests and multiple linear regression; 552 nurses and 440 nursing students participated. The Spanish version consists of 23 items and has a high degree of reliability (α = 0.944). Confirmatory factor analysis revealed one additional factor (i.e., management of psychosocial and spiritual aspects) in comparison to the original scale. Contrast tests revealed that the mean SEPC score was higher in professionals than in students (p < 0.001) and that the professionals who had higher levels of self-efficacy were older (p < 0.001), had more previous training (p < 0.001), and had more experience in end-of-life care (p = 0.001). The linear analysis results confirm a significant association between age and previous training in end-of-life care. The Spanish version of the SEPC is a reliable tool for both nursing professionals and students. The level of self-efficacy of both groups is moderate and is influenced by age, experience, and training in end-of-life care.

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Resumen Introducción: El pensamiento crítico es un componente importante de la formación en Enfermería. Diferentes organizaciones exigen estrategias de pensamiento crítico para acreditar programas universitarios. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia sobre la medición de sus niveles. Objetivo: Comparar el nivel de pensamiento crítico, en estudiantes de primero y último semestre de Enfermería en una universidad de Medellín-Colombia. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo descriptivo, trasversal y comparativo del pensamiento crítico en una muestra a conveniencia de estudiantes de primero y último semestre. Resultados: En ambos grupos, el nivel es medio (primero 44,47; último 53,14 p<0,001). No obstante, se observa un incremento de 19,49% con respecto al primer semestre, con cambios significativos en los dominios: evaluación, argumentación e interpretación. No se encontraron diferencias en los dominios de inferencia y análisis. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos muestran un cambio positivo en el nivel de pensamiento crítico, que son un punto de partida para el análisis del proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en la facultad donde se desarrolló el estudio, con el fin de fortalecer los dominios donde se observaron incrementos significativos y desarrollar estrategias que favorezcan el desarrollo de habilidades en los que no se observaron cambios. Es importante desarrollar investigaciones con mediciones longitudinales e instrumentos confiables.

Abstract Introduction: Critical thinking is an important component of nursing education. Different organizations demand critical thinking strategies in order to accredit university programs. Nevertheless, there is limited evidence in regards to how critical thinking levels can be assessed. Objective: To compare the critical thinking levels of undergraduate nursing students from first and last semesters in a university of Medellin-Colombia. Materials and methods: A quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and comparative study of critical thinking carried out with an appropriate sample of students from first and last semesters. Results: Both groups showed a medium level (44.47 and 53.14 for first and last semester students, respectively). However, there is a 19.49% increase in last semester students compared to ones belonging to first semester, with significant changes in domains like evaluation, argumentation and interpretation. We did not observe significant changes in inference and analysis. Conclusions: Our findings show a positive change in the critical thinking level, a result that can be used as a starting point for the analysis of the teaching-learning processes developed in the Nursing Faculty. Our results are also important for strengthening the domains that showed significant increments and developing strategies to foster the development of skills in the areas where changes were not evident. We consider that it is relevant to carry out studies with longitudinal measurements and reliable instruments.

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OBJECTIVES: This work sought to describe the quality of nursing care from the perceptions of parents of children hospitalized in a neonatal unit. METHODS: Descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in an institution with tier III level of care in the city of Medellín (Colombia). Information was gathered by using the CARE-Q instrument, which was answered by the parents of newborns hospitalized in neonatal unit. The sampling was intentional. RESULTS: The study had the participation of 121 individuals; 67.8% were women; mean age was 28 years and almost one in every two had secondary education or higher. Among the neonates, 66.9% were premature and 33.1% were to term, average weight was 2015 g (minimum 620 and maximum 4420). The general assessment of the parents on the quality of nursing care their children received in the neonatal unit, was on average 88 of 100 possible points. The scores obtained in the dimensions from highest to lowest were: Monitors and follows through (95.2), Accessibility (90.8), Maintains a relationship of trust (88.6), Comforts (87.2), Explains and facilitates (86.3), and Anticipates (86.0). CONCLUSIONS: Parents perceive as positive the nursing care their children receive in the neonatal unit. However, in the analysis by dimensions, it is possible to establish the need to strengthen aspects, like interpersonal relations and communication processes, which are part of the dimensions: Explains and facilitates and Anticipates. The findings permit guiding specific actions to improve quality in neonatal care.

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Objective. This work sought to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity conditions and the associated factors in nursing students in a public university in Medellín, Colombia. Methodology. This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2015. The study selected 171 participants through stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire was applied and weight and height were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). Results. The prevalence of overweight condition was 25.1% and obesity at 7.6%. Statistically significant association exists with family background of overweight or obesity conditions (OR = 6.65) and the perception of unhealthy feeding (OR = 3.01). No association was found with cases suggesting anxiety and depression and physical activity. Conclusion. A high prevalence was found of overweight and obesity conditions in the population studied, which is why it is recommended to develop self-care programs in university populations, principally in Nursing, given that as future professionals they will be co-responsible for health promotion in individuals and collectives. (AU)

Objetivo. Identificar prevalencia de sobrepeso y de obesidad y los factores asociados en estudiantes de Enfermería en una universidad pública de Medellín, Colombia. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado en 2015. Se seleccionaron 171 participantes por muestreo aleatorio estratificado. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado y se tomó peso y talla para calcular Índice de Masa Corporal (IMC). Resultados. La prevalencia de sobrepeso fue de 25.1% y de obesidad 7.6%. Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa con antecedentes familiares de sobrepeso u obesidad (OR=6.65) y la percepción de alimentación no saludable (OR=3.01). No se encontró asociación con casos sugestivos de ansiedad y depresión y actividad física. Conclusión. Se encuentra una alta prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en la población estudiada por lo que se recomienda desarrollar programas de autocuidado en población universitaria, principalmente en Enfermería, pues como futuros profesionales serán corresponsables de la promoción de la salud en individuos y colectivos. (AU)

Objetivo. Identificar prevalência de sobrepeso e de obesidade e os fatores associados em estudantes de Enfermagem numa universidade pública de Medellín, Colômbia. Metodologia. Estudo descritivo transversal realizado em 2015. Se selecionaram 171 participantes por amostragem aleatória estratificado. Se aplicou um questionário estruturado e se tomou peso e tamanho para calcular Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Resultados. A prevalência de sobrepeso foi de 25.1% e de obesidade 7.6%. Existe associação estatisticamente significativa com antecedentes familiares de sobrepeso ou obesidade (OR=6.65) e a percepção de alimentação não saudável (OR=3.01). Não se encontrou associação com casos sugestivos de ansiedade e depressão e atividade física. Conclusão. Se encontra uma alta prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade na população estudada pelo qual se recomenda desenvolver programas de autocuidado na população universitária, principalmente em Enfermagem, pois como futuros profissionais serão correspondentes da promoção da saúde nos indivíduos e coletivos. (AU)

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OBJECTIVES: This work sought to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity conditions and the associated factors in nursing students in a public university in Medellín, Colombia. METHODS: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study conducted in 2015. The study selected 171 participants through stratified random sampling. A structured questionnaire was applied and weight and height were taken to calculate the body mass index (BMI). RESULTS: The prevalence of overweight condition was 25.1% and obesity at 7.6%. Statistically significant association exists with family background of overweight or obesity conditions (OR = 6.65) and the perception of unhealthy feeding (OR = 3.01). No association was found with cases suggesting anxiety and depression and physical activity. CONCLUSIONS: A high prevalence was found of overweight and obesity conditions in the population studied, which is why it is recommended to develop self-care programs in university populations, principally in Nursing, given that as future professionals they will be co-responsible for health promotion in individuals and collectives.

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OBJETIVO: Determinar la asociación entre los trastornos afectivos (ansiedad, depresión), la actividad física y la prevalencia combinada de sobrepeso/obesidad en un grupo de estudiantes universitarios. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo transversal realizado de mayo de 2013 a noviembre de 2014 en una muestra aleatoria de 450 estudiantes de enfermería y nutrición de dos universidades mexicanas. Se aplicó un cuestionario estructurado sobre actividad física y síntomas presuntivos de ansiedad y depresión, se midieron peso, talla y se calculó el índice de masa corporal (IMC). Los datos obtenidos se procesaron y analizaron en el software estadístico SPSS. RESULTADOS: La prevalencia combinada de sobrepeso/obesidad estimada según el IMC fue 32,4% en el total de la población de estudio; mayor en la Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY, 41%) que en la Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP, 27,5%), la diferencia entre universidades es estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) la prevalencia es mayor en hombres (38,5%) que en mujeres (30,5%). Las variables que indagan sobre alteraciones en el apetito según el estado emocional advierten asociación estadísticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre sobrepeso/obesidad y aumento del apetito ante el estrés, ansiedad y tristeza. No existe suficiente evidencia estadística en los datos para establecer asociación entre sobrepeso-obesidad y la realización de actividad física, ni se encontraron diferencias en características de la actividad física entre universidades. CONCLUSIÓN: Se evidencian síntomas de ansiedad y depresión en estudiantes universitarios del área de salud, los cuales, asociados a una ingesta alimentaria excesiva y una actividad física leve predisponen al sobrepeso y la obesidad

OBJECTIVE: To decide the association between affective disorders (anxiety, depression), physical activity and combined prevalence of overweight/obesity in a group of university students. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-sectional descriptive study conducted from May 2013 to November 2014 in a random sample of 450 nursing and nutrition students from two Mexican universities. A structured questionnaire on physical activity and presumptive symptoms of anxiety and depression was applied, weight and height were measured, and body mass index (BMI) was calculated. The data obtained was processed using the SPSS statistical software. RESULTS: The combined prevalence of overweight-obesity estimated by BMI was 32.4% in the total study population; it was higher in the Universidad Autónoma de Yucatán (UADY) (41%) than in the Universidad Autónoma San Luis Potosí (UASLP) (27.5%). The difference between universities is statistically significant (p<0.05), prevalence is higher in men (38.5%) than in women (30.5%). Variables that investigate alterations in appetite according to the emotional state show statistically significant association (p<0.05) between overweight-obesity and increased appetite for stress, anxiety and sadness. There is insufficient statistical evidence in the data to establish an association between overweight-obesity and physical activity and differences in physical activity characteristics between universities were not found. CONCLUSION: Symptoms of anxiety and depression in university students in the health area are evident, which, associated with excessive food intake and mild physical activity, lead to overweight and obesity

OBJECTIVO: Determinar a associação entre transtornos afetivos (ansiedade, depressão), atividade física e prevalência combinada de sobrepeso/obesidade em um grupo de estudantes universitários em duas universidades no México. MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: De maio de 2013 a novembro de 2014, um estudo descritivo transversal foi realizado em uma amostra aleatória de 450 estudantes de enfermagem e nutrição em dois universidades mexicanas. Foi aplicado um questionário estruturado de atividade física e sintomas presuntivos de ansiedade e depressão, foram medidos peso, altura e índice de massa corporal (IMC) foi calculado. Os dados obtidos foram processados no software estatístico SPSS. RESULTADOS: A prevalência combinada de excesso de peso a obesidade é estimada pelo IMC de 32,4% na população total do estudo; maior na Universidade Autônoma de Yucatán (UADY) (41%) do que na Universidade Autônoma de San Luis Potosí (UASLP) (27,5%), a diferença entre universidades é estatisticamente significativa (p<0.05). A prevalência é maior em homens (38,5%) do que mulheres (30,5%). As variáveis que investigam alterações no apetite como o estado emocional alertar associação estatisticamente significativa (p<0,05) entre o excesso de peso à obesidade e aumento do apetite ao estresse, ansiedade e tristeza. Não há evidências estatísticas suficientes nos dados para estabelecer associação entre o excesso de peso à obesidade e atividade física, não há diferenças nas características da atividade física entre universidades. CONCLUSÃO: Se mostram sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em estudantes universitários da área de saúde, que, associada à ingestão excessiva de alimentos e atividade física uma ligeira vantagem ao sobrepeso e à obesidade

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