RESUMO
The identification of the older people who are functionally dependant is essential for planning interventions with emphasis on secondary and tertiary prevention. Therefore, a simplified tool, able to identify these individuals for a more comprehensive evaluation, is required. However, the use of a measuring tool in a different socio-cultural context requires prior adaptation. This article aims to verify the psychometric properties of the PRISMA-7 in Brazilian context. This instrument was previously shown as able to identify older persons living in the community who have risk of functional loss in a Canadian study. In a sample of 1748 older persons, the internal consistency assessed by Cronbach's alpha showed a borderline value credited to the reduced number of questionnaire items. Factor analysis identified two well correlated factors, except for items 2 and 6. For criterion validity the SMAF scale (French acronym, Functional Autonomy Measurement System) was used as the gold standard. The analysis of the ROC curve indicated a sensitivity of 74.4% and specificity of 87.4% for the cut-off point of 4, while the Canadian version had a cut-off point of 3 for disability detection. Inter and intra-observer reliability, investigated by the Kappa Cohen were high and statistically significant. In conclusion, the results suggest that the validation process was adequate, and recommend the Brazilian version of PRISMA-7, to track older people with functional loss in the community.
Assuntos
Avaliação da Deficiência , Psicometria , Atividades Cotidianas , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Canadá , Análise Fatorial , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Screening with a simplified instrument is effective for identifying elderly at risk of functional decline, for more comprehensive subsequent evaluation. However, use of a measurement tool in a different sociocultural context from the original requires prior adaptation. The current article aims to describe the initial stages of a cross-cultural adaptation of PRISMA-7, a questionnaire developed to identify community-dwelling elderly at risk of functional decline. Evaluation of conceptual and item equivalences showed pertinence to the Brazilian context. Semantic equivalence covered the correspondence in referential (denotative) and connotative meaning. The pretest showed that the instrument's synthesis version has good acceptability. The results suggest the use of PRISMA-7 in the Brazilian context as a screening tool for identifying risk of functional decline in the elderly.
Assuntos
Avaliação da Deficiência , Avaliação Geriátrica , Inquéritos e Questionários , Traduções , Idoso , Brasil , Comparação Transcultural , Pessoas com Deficiência , Humanos , SemânticaRESUMO
Resumo: O rastreamento é uma maneira eficaz de captar idosos em risco de declínio funcional. Para tanto, é necessário um instrumento simplificado, capaz de identificar esses indivíduos para uma avaliação posterior mais abrangente. Entretanto, a utilização de um instrumento de medida em um contexto sociocultural diferente daquele para o qual foi desenvolvido, requer adaptação prévia. Este artigo tem por objetivo descrever as primeiras etapas do processo de adaptação transcultural do PRISMA-7, questionário desenvolvido para identificar idosos que vivem na comunidade e se encontram em risco de perda funcional. As avaliações das equivalências, conceitual e de itens mostraram pertinência no contexto brasileiro. A equivalência semântica contemplou a correspondência do significado referencial (denotativo) e do significado conotativo. O pré-teste demonstrou que a versão-síntese do instrumento tem boa aceitabilidade. Os resultados apoiam a utilização, no contexto brasileiro, do questionário PRISMA-7 como um instrumento de triagem para identificar risco de declínio funcional no idoso.
Abstract: Screening with a simplified instrument is effective for identifying elderly at risk of functional decline, for more comprehensive subsequent evaluation. However, use of a measurement tool in a different sociocultural context from the original requires prior adaptation. The current article aims to describe the initial stages of a cross-cultural adaptation of PRISMA-7, a questionnaire developed to identify community-dwelling elderly at risk of functional decline. Evaluation of conceptual and item equivalences showed pertinence to the Brazilian context. Semantic equivalence covered the correspondence in referential (denotative) and connotative meaning. The pretest showed that the instrument's synthesis version has good acceptability. The results suggest the use of PRISMA-7 in the Brazilian context as a screening tool for identifying risk of functional decline in the elderly.
Resumen: El rastreo es una manera eficaz de localizar ancianos en riesgo de declive funcional. Con este fin, es necesario un instrumento simplificado, capaz de identificar a estos individuos para una evaluación posterior más amplia. No obstante, la utilización de un instrumento de medida en un contexto sociocultural diferente de aquel para el que fue desarrollado, requiere una adaptación previa. Este artículo tiene por objetivo describir las primeras etapas del proceso de adaptación transcultural del PRISMA-7, cuestionario desarrollado para identificar ancianos que viven en la comunidad y se encuentran en riesgo de pérdida funcional. Las evaluaciones de las equivalencias, conceptuales y de ítems mostraron pertinencia en el contexto brasileño. La equivalencia semántica contempló la correspondencia del significado referencial (denotativo) y del significado connotativo. El pre-test demostró que la versión-síntesis del instrumento tiene una buena aceptabilidad. Los resultados apoyan la utilización, en el contexto brasileño, del cuestionario PRISMA-7 con un instrumento de cribado para identificar riesgo de declive funcional en el anciano.