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Objetivo: Analisar os fatores que se associam ao sucesso na amamentação, de acordo com a literatura. Método: Revisão sistemática de literatura, cadastrado na base de registro de protocolos. As bases usadas foram Centro Latino-Americano e do Caribe de Informação em Ciências da Saúde, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Helth Literature, Embase e PubMed. Os critérios de elegibilidade foram: estudos de ensaio clínico randomizado e que avaliaram fatores relacionados ao sucesso da amamentação. Resultados: Foram identificados 92 artigos. Após retirada de duplicatas, análise de títulos e critérios de inclusão/exclusão pelos pares, obteve-se nove estudos. As principais características associadas ao sucesso na amamentação foram: confiança no leite humano, percepção de produção insuficiente de leite e/ou ralo. Em relação ao apoio do conjugue, influencia diretamente na duração da amamentação exclusiva. Sobre o apoio profissional, o encorajamento durante o prénatal e a educação após o parto ofertado pelos profissionais teve impacto significativo sobre a amamentação. Em relação ao bem-estar materno, a depressão perinatal pode estar associada à interrupção precoce da amamentação exclusiva. Conclusão: Ao fim, a revisão trouxe elementos importantes para o sucesso na amamentação. As mulheres, profissionais de saúde e rede de apoio têm importância nesse processo

Objective: To analyze the factors that are associated with success in breastfeeding, according to the literature. Method: Systematic literature review, registered in the protocols registry base (PROSPERO). The databases used were the Latin American and Caribbean Center for Health Sciences Information (BIREME), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase and PubMed. Eligibility criteria were: randomized clinical trial studies that evaluated factors related to successful breastfeeding. Results: 92 articles were identified. After removal of duplicates, analysis of titles and inclusion/exclusion criteria by peers, nine studies were obtained. The main characteristics associated with successful breastfeeding were: confidence in human milk, perception of insufficient and/or thin milk production. Regarding the support of the spouse, it directly influences the duration of exclusive breastfeeding. Regarding professional support, encouragement during prenatal care and postpartum education offered by professionals had a significant impact on breastfeeding. Regarding maternal well-being, perinatal depression may be associated with early cessation of exclusive breastfeeding. Conclusion: In the end, the review brought important elements for successful breastfeeding. Women, health professionals and the support network are important in this process

Objetivo: Analizar los factores que se asocian al éxito en la lactancia materna, según la literatura. Método: Revisión sistemática de la literatura, registrada en la base de registro de protocolos (PROSPERO). Las bases de datos utilizadas fueron el Centro Latinoamericano y del Caribe de Información en Ciencias de la Salud (BIREME), Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Embase y PubMed. Los criterios de elegibilidad fueron: estudios de ensayos clínicos aleatorizados que evaluaron factores relacionados con una lactancia materna exitosa. Resultados: se identificaron 92 artículos. Después de la eliminación de duplicados, análisis de títulos y criterios de inclusión/exclusión por pares, se obtuvieron nueve estudios. Las principales características asociadas a la lactancia materna exitosa fueron: confianza en la leche humana, percepción de producción de leche insuficiente y/o escasa. En cuanto al apoyo del cónyuge, influye directamente en la duración de la lactancia materna exclusiva. En cuanto al apoyo profesional, el estímulo durante la atención prenatal y la educación posparto ofrecida por los profesionales tuvo un impacto significativo en la lactancia materna. En cuanto al bienestar materno, la depresión perinatal puede estar asociada con el cese temprano de la lactancia materna exclusiva. Conclusión: Al final, la revisión trajo elementos importantes para una lactancia exitosa. Las mujeres, los profesionales de la salud y la red de apoyo son importantes en este proceso

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OBJECTIVES: to assess the effectiveness of guidelines on fall prevention in a group of older adults in Primary Health Care. METHODS: a cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults selected by a simple random sample (274; N=1,234). Data covered sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, marital status, health conditions, factors associated with falls and participation in the prevention group. Student's t test was used, and dichotomous variables were used by the chi-square test. The project met ethical requirements. RESULTS: sample with female profile (61.7%), married, with low education, mean age of 71.69 years. The factors associated with falls identified were female sex, medicalization and participation in the prevention group. There was no protective association between participation in a fall prevention group in older adults and a decrease in the number of falls. CONCLUSIONS: based on evidence, a personalized intervention during the nursing visit is suggested as a strategy to prevent falls.

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OBJECTIVE: To identify the practice of stealthing among university students and the associations between the profile of these young people and this practice. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out at a university campus in a city in the countryside of Sao Paulo. Data collection was carried out online by RedCap between May and September 2018, through questionnaires with identification data, sociodemographic characteristics and sexual and reproductive health. Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS, version 17.0. RESULTS: A total of 380 students participated in the study, aged between 18 and 24 years old, most of them unpaid students, coming from private education, not having a religion and being single. Most of them were biologically female and identified as cisgender and heterosexual women. As for stealthing, 1.33% of the participants had performed it and 11.44% had already undergone this practice. There was a significant association between having been stealthed and the variables female biological sex (p = 0.000) and identifying as a woman (p = 0.000). CONCLUSION: The occurrence of stealthing is higher among those who have been stealthed than among those who have done it and having been stealthed is associated with being female and identifying as a woman.

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The mosquito Aedes aegypti is the primary vector of diseases such as dengue, Zika, chikungunya, and yellow fever. Improving control techniques requires a better understanding of the mosquito's life cycle, including spatial population dynamics in endemic regions. One of the most promising techniques consists of introducing genetically modified male mosquitoes. Several models proposed to describe this technique present mathematical issues or rely on numerous parameters, making their application challenging to real-world situations. We propose a model describing the spatial population dynamics of the Aedes aegypti in the presence of genetically modified males. This model presents some mathematical improvements compared to the literature allowing deeper mathematical analysis. Moreover, this model relies on few parameters, which we show how to obtain or estimate from the literature. Through numerical simulations, we investigate the impacts of environmental heterogeneity, the periodicity of genetically modified male releases, and released genetically modified males quantity on the population dynamics of Aedes aegypti. The main results point to that the successful application of this vector control technique relies on releasing more than a critical amount of modified males with a frequency exceeding a specific critical value.

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Small-scale fishers in the developing world have been particularly affected by the COVID-19 pandemic given that they belong to one of the most socioeconomically vulnerable groups. In Brazil, one of the countries most affected by the pandemic, it was expected early on that the economy and wellbeing of fishers would be negatively impacted, yet fishers were expected to show some adaptive and coping mechanisms. To assess whether this was the case, 40 fishers, who are also leaders of fishing associations representing over 80 thousand fishers throughout the country, were interviewed. Results revealed that female leaders appraised the economic and health / wellbeing impacts to be harsher on fishers than men did. Moreover, fishers on the coast were found to be better able to adapt than those inland, although both had low levels of adaptive capacity. The nature of coping and adaptive mechanisms was also found to be different between locations. Whereas leaders from coastal associations stated that most of the adaptive responses occurred in the post-harvest sector (e.g., changes to the types of sales and changes to supply chain actors), leaders from inland communities stated that the changes that occurred related specifically to fishing (e.g., decrease in effort and changes in fishing grounds). These findings suggest that: 1) women may be better prepared to respond to COVID-19 because their appraisal may be more realistic than men, 2) the historic vulnerability of fishing communities may limit their adaptative capacity, and 3) coastal fishers have likely found ways to maintain part of their trade, contrary to inland fishers. Thus, to better help small-scale fisheries to cope with this particular pandemic or other large disruptive impacts, it would be recommended to invest in women in leadership roles while also guaranteeing that fishers have the minimal conditions to cope with and adapt to impacts. The latter can be done by assuring emergency cash transfers for the duration of the impact, as with the still ongoing pandemic, and investing in building fisher resilience for future shocks.

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RESUMO Objetivo Identificar folhetos educativos do Ministério da Saúde sobre saúde da mulher disponibilizados na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde; classificar a representação da mulher nesses folhetos de acordo com a etnia/raça/cor; analisar a representatividade da mulher negra nesses folhetos. Método Estudo documental, descritivo, exploratório. Resultados No período de 2007 a 2019, identificaram-se 19 folhetos educativos relacionados à saúde da mulher, sendo que 10 traziam imagens de mulheres. As mulheres brancas foram observadas nos 10 folhetos (100%) que continham imagens e ilustrações, enquanto mulheres negras foram identificadas em três (30%) dos 10 folhetos. Da análise dos dados, emergiram duas categorias analíticas: "a mulher negra sub-representada" e "desconstruindo estereótipos: o papel de destaque da mulher negra". Conclusão O estudo evidencia uma baixa representação da mulher negra nos folhetos educativos. Entretanto, quando representada, a imagem da mulher negra surge de modo positivo e igualitário em relação às mulheres de outros grupos étnico-raciais.

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar los folletos educativos del Ministerio de Salud brasileño sobre la salud de la mujer disponibles en la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud; clasificar la representación de las mujeres en estos folletos según etnia / raza / color; Analizar la representatividad de las mujeres negras en estos folletos. Método Estudio documental, descriptivo, exploratorio. Resultados En el período de 2007 a 2019, se identificaron 19 folletos educativos relacionados con la salud de la mujer, 10 de los cuales tenían imágenes de mujeres. Se observaron mujeres blancas en los 10 folletos (100%) que contenían imágenes e ilustraciones, mientras que se identificaron mujeres negras en tres (30%) de los 10 folletos. Del análisis de datos surgieron dos categorías analíticas: "la mujer negra subrepresentada" y "la deconstrucción de los estereotipos: el papel destacado de la mujer negra". Conclusión El estudio muestra una baja representación de las mujeres negras en folletos educativos. Sin embargo, cuando se representa, la imagen de las mujeres negras emerge de manera positiva e igual en relación con las mujeres de otros grupos étnico-raciales.

ABSTRACT Objective To identify the educational leaflets of the Brazilian Ministry of Health on women's health available in the Virtual Health Library; to classify the representation of women in these leaflets according to ethnicity / race / color; to analyze the representation of black women in these leaflets. Method Documentary, descriptive, exploratory study. Results From 2007 to 2019, 19 educational brochures related to women's health were identified, ten of which had images of women. White women were observed in the ten leaflets (100%) that contained images and illustrations, whereas black women were identified in three (30%) of the 10 leaflets. Two analytical categories emerged from the data analysis: "the underrepresented black woman" and "deconstructing stereotypes: the prominent role of black women". Conclusion This study shows a low representation of black women in educational leaflets. However, when represented, black women are portrayed positively and equally in relation to women of other racial and ethnic groups.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the practice of stealthing among university students and the associations between the profile of these young people and this practice. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out at a university campus in a city in the countryside of Sao Paulo. Data collection was carried out online by RedCap between May and September 2018, through questionnaires with identification data, sociodemographic characteristics and sexual and reproductive health. Data were analyzed by IBM-SPSS, version 17.0. Results: A total of 380 students participated in the study, aged between 18 and 24 years old, most of them unpaid students, coming from private education, not having a religion and being single. Most of them were biologically female and identified as cisgender and heterosexual women. As for stealthing, 1.33% of the participants had performed it and 11.44% had already undergone this practice. There was a significant association between having been stealthed and the variables female biological sex (p = 0.000) and identifying as a woman (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The occurrence of stealthing is higher among those who have been stealthed than among those who have done it and having been stealthed is associated with being female and identifying as a woman.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Identificar el stealthing entre jóvenes universitarios y la asociación entre el perfil de esos jóvenes y su práctica. Método: Se trata de un estudio transversal realizado en un campus universitario de un municipio del interior de São Paulo. Los datos se recopilaron en línea, en el RedCap, entre mayo y septiembre de 2018 mediante cuestionarios con datos de identificación, características sociodemográficas, salud sexual y reproductiva, y se analizaron con el IBM-SPSS, versión 17.0. Resultados: Participaron del estudio 380 estudiantes, con edades comprendidas entre 18 y 24 años, gran parte sin trabajo remunerado, provenientes de la enseñanza particular, sin religión y solteras(os). En su mayoría eran del sexo femenino biológico y se identificaban como mujeres cisgénero y heterosexuales. En cuanto al stealthing, el 1,33% de los participantes lo había realizado y el 11,44% ya había sufrido esta práctica. Hubo una asociación significativa entre haber sufrido stealthing y las variables sexo biológico femenino (p = 0,000) y el identificarse como mujer (p = 0,000). Conclusión: La incidencia del stealthing es mayor entre los que han sufrido esta práctica que entre los que la han practicado. Haber sufrido el furtivismo se asocia a ser mujer y a identificarse como tal.

RESUMO Objetivo: Identificar a prática de stealthing entre jovens universitários e as associações entre o perfil desses jovens e a prática do stealthing. Método: Estudo transversal realizado em um campus universitário de um município no interior paulista. A coleta de dados foi online pelo RedCap, entre maio e setembro de 2018, por meio de questionários com dados de identificação, características sociodemográficas e de saúde sexual e reprodutiva. Os dados foram analisados pelo IBM-SPSS, versão 17.0. Resultados: Participaram do estudo 380 estudantes, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, a maioria sem exercer função remunerada, advindos(as) de ensino particular, sem religião e solteiras(os). Em sua maioria, eram do sexo biológico feminino e se identificavam como mulheres cisgênero e heterossexuais. Quanto ao stealthing, 1,33% dos participantes tinham realizado e 11,44% já tinham sofrido essa prática. Houve associação significativa entre ter sofrido stealthing e as variáveis sexo biológico feminino (p = 0,000) e se identificar como mulher (p = 0,000). Conclusão: A ocorrência do stealthing é maior entre os que sofreram essa prática do que entre aqueles que a praticaram. Ter sofrido stealthing está associado a ser do sexo feminino e se identificar como mulher.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: to assess the effectiveness of guidelines on fall prevention in a group of older adults in Primary Health Care. Methods: a cross-sectional study, carried out with older adults selected by a simple random sample (274; N=1,234). Data covered sociodemographic and socioeconomic variables, marital status, health conditions, factors associated with falls and participation in the prevention group. Student's t test was used, and dichotomous variables were used by the chi-square test. The project met ethical requirements. Results: sample with female profile (61.7%), married, with low education, mean age of 71.69 years. The factors associated with falls identified were female sex, medicalization and participation in the prevention group. There was no protective association between participation in a fall prevention group in older adults and a decrease in the number of falls. Conclusions: based on evidence, a personalized intervention during the nursing visit is suggested as a strategy to prevent falls.

RESUMEN Objetivos: evaluar la efectividad de las guías de prevención de caídas en un grupo de ancianos en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Métodos: estudio transversal, realizado con ancianos seleccionados por muestra aleatoria simple (274; N=1.234). Los datos abarcaron variables sociodemográficas y socioeconómicas, estado civil, condiciones de salud, factores asociados a caídas y participación en el grupo de prevención. Se utilizó la técnica estadística descriptiva de la Prueba t de Student, y las variables dicotómicas se utilizaron mediante la Prueba Chi-Cuadrado. El proyecto cumplió con los requisitos éticos. Resultados: una muestra con perfil femenino (61,7%), casada, con baja escolaridad, edad media de 71,69 años. Los factores asociados a las caídas identificados fueron sexo femenino, medicalización y participación en el grupo de prevención. No hubo asociación protectora entre la participación en un grupo de prevención de caídas en ancianos y una disminución en el número de caídas. Conclusiones: con base en la evidencia, se sugiere una intervención personalizada durante la visita de enfermería como estrategia para la prevención de caídas.

RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a efetividade das orientações sobre prevenção de quedas em um grupo de idosos na Atenção Básica à Saúde. Métodos: estudo transversal, realizado com idosos selecionados por amostra aleatória simples (274; N=1.234). Os dados abrangeram variáveis sociodemográficas, socioeconômicas, estado civil, condições de saúde, fatores associados a quedas e participação no grupo de prevenção. Utilizou-se a técnica estatística descritiva teste t de Student, e as variáveis dicotômicas, pelo Teste do Qui-Quadrado. O projeto atendeu às exigências éticas. Resultados: amostragem com perfil feminino (61,7%), casados, apresentando baixa escolaridade, idade média de 71,69 anos. Os fatores associados a quedas identificados foram sexo feminino, medicalização e participação no grupo de prevenção. Não houve associação protetora entre realização de grupo de prevenção de quedas em idosos e diminuição do número de quedas. Conclusões: baseado nas evidencias, sugere-se uma intervenção personalizada durante a visita de enfermagem como estratégia para prevenção das quedas.

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O COVID-19 foi uma doença que parou o mundo em meados de março de 2020 e segue com dados alarmantes até o momento, tornando necessárias propostas de medidas preventivas, dentre elas o isolamento social. O artigo tem por objetivo analisar as possibilidades de promoção do envelhecer saudável no contexto da pandemia de COVID- 19. A pesquisa refere-se a uma revisão integrativa que engloba a identificação e análise de publicações científicas acerca da promoção do envelhecer saudável diante dos desafios da pandemia de COVID-19. Foram selecionados oito (08) artigos dentre os pesquisados, que culminaram na abordagem de três categorias: relações ISOLAMENTO SOCIAL X VULNERABILIDADE DO IDOSO, SAÚDE MENTAL X COVID-19 e AÇÕES DE ENFERMAGEM PARA O ENVELHECER SAUDÁVEL, onde pôde-se entender a importância da promoção do envelhecer saudável principalmente no contexto da pandemia do COVID-19, onde o isolamento social cria barreiras na comunicação, nas atividades de vida diária e no cuidar em enfermagem.

COVID-19 was a disease that stopped the world in mid-March 2020 and continues with alarming data so far, making it necessary to propose preventive measures, including social isolation. The article aims to analyze the possibilities of promoting healthy aging in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The research refers to an integrative review, including the identification and analysis of scientific publications about the promotion of healthy aging in the face of the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Eight (08) articles were selected from those surveyed, which culminated in the approach of three categories: SOCIAL ISOLATION X VULNERABILITY OF THE ELDERLY, MENTAL HEALTH X COVID-19, and NURSING ACTIONS FOR HEALTHY AGING, where it was possible to understand the importance of promoting healthy aging mainly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, where social isolation creates barriers in communication, activities of daily living, and nursing care.

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Resumo A busca por práticas meditativas orientais como tecnologia promotora de saúde e qualidade de vida tem aumentado significativamente nos últimos anos. Contudo percebe-se que a falta de compreensão dos conceitos e princípios dos quais emergem tais técnicas produzem propostas que podem ser tanto uma saída revolucionária quanto distópica. Propomos neste texto uma breve discussão sobre o movimento de mindfulness a partir de uma perspectiva gestáltica de influência goodmaniana. Assim, (a) apresentamos de maneira resumida a transmissão destas práticas desde tradições budistas até a ciência ocidental contemporânea; (b) destacamos alguns aspectos teóricos que aproximam e distanciam a Gestalt-terapia de pressupostos budistas; e (c) discutimos a apropriação dessas tradições, seus valores e suas tecnologias por um paradigma neoliberal utilitarista.

Abstract While the search for Eastern meditative practices as health and quality of life technology has increased significantly in recent years, the lack of understanding regarding core concepts and values from which such techniques emerge produces proposals that can be either revolutionary or dystopic. This text proposes a brief discussion concerning the mindfulness movement based on Goodman's gestalt. Thus, we (a) briefly present the transmission of these practices from Buddhist traditions to contemporary Western science; (b) highlight some theoretical aspects that bring gestalt-therapy closer to and distance it from Buddhist premises; and (c) discuss the appropriation of such traditions, their values and technologies by a utilitarian neoliberal paradigm.

Resumen La búsqueda de prácticas meditativas orientales como herramienta de salud y calidad de vida ha aumentado significativamente en los últimos años. Sin embargo, la falta de comprensión de los conceptos y valores centrales de los cuales surgen tales técnicas produce propuestas que pueden ser revolucionarias o distópicas. En este texto proponemos hacer una breve discusión sobre el movimiento de la atención plena desde una perspectiva gestáltica goodmaniana. Así, (a) presentamos brevemente la transmisión de estas prácticas desde las tradiciones budistas hasta la ciencia occidental contemporánea; (b) destacamos algunos aspectos teóricos que acercan y alejan la terapia gestalt de las referencias budistas; y (c) discutimos la apropiación de estas tradiciones, sus valores y tecnologías por un paradigma neoliberal utilitario.

Résumé Alors que la recherche de pratiques méditatives orientales comme technologie de santé et de la qualité de vie s'est considérablement accrue ces dernières années, le manque de compréhension des concepts et valeurs fondamentales dont émergent ces techniques produit des propositions qui peuvent être soit révolutionnaires, soit dystopiques. Ce texte propose une brève discussion sur le mouvement de pleine conscience basée sur la gestalt-thérapie de Goodman. Ainsi, nous (a) présentons brièvement la transmission de ces pratiques des traditions bouddhistes à la science occidentale contemporaine ; (b) soulignons certains aspects théoriques qui rapprochent et éloignent la gestalt-thérapie des prémisses bouddhistes ; et (c) discutons de l'appropriation de ces traditions, de leurs valeurs et de leurs technologies par un paradigme néolibéral utilitaire.

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BACKGROUND: The Aedes aegypti mosquito is the primary vector for several diseases. Its control requires a better understanding of the mosquitoes' live cycle, including the spatial dynamics. Several models address this issue. However, they rely on many hard to measure parameters. This work presents a model describing the spatial population dynamics of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes using partial differential equations (PDEs) relying on a few parameters. METHODS: We show how to estimate model parameter values from the experimental data found in the literature using concepts from dynamical systems, genetic algorithm optimization and partial differential equations. We show that our model reproduces some analytical formulas relating the carrying capacity coefficient to experimentally measurable quantities as the maximum number of mobile female mosquitoes, the maximum number of eggs, or the maximum number of larvae. As an application of the presented methodology, we replicate one field experiment numerically and investigate the effect of different frequencies in the insecticide application in the urban environment. RESULTS: The numerical results suggest that the insecticide application has a limited impact on the mosquitoes population and that the optimal application frequency is close to one week. CONCLUSIONS: Models based on partial differential equations provide an efficient tool for simulating mosquitoes' spatial population dynamics. The reduced model can reproduce such dynamics on a sufficiently large scale.

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OBJECTIVE: to evaluate and compare the self-esteem of young female university students aged between 18 and 24 years old according to race/skin color criteria. METHOD: a cross-sectional and quantitative study, developed with 240 undergraduate female students from a public Brazilian university. Data collection took place online through a structured questionnaire that included the participants' sociodemographic and lifestyle habits, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, association test, and comparison of means were used. RESULTS: most of the young women had a mean level of self-esteem. No statistically significant association was found among the "self-esteem level" and "self-reported skin color or race" variables. CONCLUSION: although no significant association was identified between self-reported skin color or race and level of self-esteem, young black women have lower mean self-esteem scores than young non-black women. Strategies that strengthen the self-esteem of young female university students are necessary to prevent harms to their physical and mental health, and, consequently, to their academic performance.

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Introdução: O câncer de mama é a neoplasia que mais causa mortes na população feminina mundial e brasileira. Objetivo: Analisar o perfil epidemiológico, a tendência e a distribuição espacial da mortalidade por câncer de mama feminino em Alagoas no período de 2001 a 2016. Método: Trata-se de um estudo ecológico misto, incluindo os óbitos femininos por câncer de mama registrados em Alagoas durante esse período. Foram utilizadas as variáveis sociodemográficas (faixa etária, cor/raça, estado civil, escolaridade e local de ocorrência) e a taxa de mortalidade por faixa etária e por município do Estado. Os dados foram obtidos do Sistema de Informações sobre Mortalidade e os dados populacionais, do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). A análise de tendência utilizou o modelo de regressão por pontos de inflexão (joinpoint regression model) e a espacial, a estatística de Moran. Resultados: Houve 1.816 óbitos no período, 25,3% entre 50-59 anos, 46,3% de cor parda, 36,1% casadas, 35,5% com menos de oito anos de estudos e 67,2% de óbitos no ambiente hospitalar. As faixas etárias de 40 anos ou mais apresentaram tendências de crescimento, destacando-se 80 anos ou mais (percentual médio de variação anual: 9,2; p<0,001) com o maior crescimento. A distribuição espacial foi aleatória. Conclusão: A taxa de mortalidade por câncer de mama feminino cresceu no período de 2001 a 2016 nas faixas etárias de 40 anos ou mais no Estado e sem padrão espacial definido.

Introduction: Breast cancer is the neoplasm that causes more deaths in the female population worldwide and in Brazil. Objective: To analyze the epidemiological profile, trend and spatial distribution of female breast cancer mortality in Alagoas from 2001 to 2016. Method: Mixed ecological study, including female deaths from breast cancer recorded in Alagoas in the period. Sociodemographic variables (age, color/race, marital status, education and place of occurrence) and the specific mortality rate by age group and municipality were used. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System and population data from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE). The trend analysis used the Joinpoint regression model and Moran statistics for the spatial distribution. Results: 1,816 deaths in the period, 25.3% between 50-59 years, 46.3%, brown race, 36.1%, married, 35.5%, with less than 8 years of education and 67.2% of deaths within the hospital environment. The age groups of 40 years or older showed a growing trend and the highest growth, for 80 years old or more (average annual percent variation: 9.2; p<0.001). The spatial distribution was random. Conclusion: The mortality rate for female breast cancer increased in the period from 2001 to 2016 in the age group of 40 years and older in the state and without defined spatial pattern.

Introducción: El cáncer de mama es el cáncer que causa más muertes en la población femenina en todo el mundo y en Brasil. Objetivo: Analizar el perfil epidemiológico, la tendencia y la distribución espacial de la mortalidad por cáncer de mama femenino en Alagoas durante el período 2001 a 2016. Método: Este es un estudio ecológico mixto, que incluye muertes femeninas por cáncer de seno registradas en Alagoas durante el período. Se utilizaron variables sociodemográficas (grupo de edad, color/raza, estado civil, educación y lugar de ocurrencia) y tasa de mortalidad por grupo de edad y municipio del estado. Los datos se obtuvieron del Sistema de Información de Mortalidad y los datos de población del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística (IBGE). El análisis de tendencias utilizó el modelo de regresión de punto de unión y el espacial con las estadísticas de Moran. Resultados: Hubo 1.816 muertes en el período, 25,3% entre 50-59 años, 46,3% marrón, 36,1% casados, 35,5% con menos de 8 años de educación y 67,2% de muertes en el período. Ambiente hospitalario. Los grupos de edad de 40 años y mayores mostraron una tendencia creciente, con un punto culminante de 80 años y mayores (cambio porcentual anual promedio: 9,2; p<0,001) con el mayor crecimiento. La distribución espacial fue aleatoria. Conclusión: La tasa de mortalidad por cáncer de mama femenino aumentó en el período 2001 a 2016 en el grupo de edad de 40 años y más en el estado y sin un patrón espacial definido.

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Objective: to evaluate and compare the self-esteem of young female university students aged between 18 and 24 years old according to race/skin color criteria. Method: a cross-sectional and quantitative study, developed with 240 undergraduate female students from a public Brazilian university. Data collection took place online through a structured questionnaire that included the participants' sociodemographic and lifestyle habits, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale. For data analysis, descriptive statistics, association test, and comparison of means were used. Results: most of the young women had a mean level of self-esteem. No statistically significant association was found among the "self-esteem level" and "self-reported skin color or race" variables. Conclusion: although no significant association was identified between self-reported skin color or race and level of self-esteem, young black women have lower mean self-esteem scores than young non-black women. Strategies that strengthen the self-esteem of young female university students are necessary to prevent harms to their physical and mental health, and, consequently, to their academic performance.

Objetivo: avaliar e comparar a autoestima de jovens universitárias com idade entre 18 e 24 anos segundo critério raça/cor. Método: estudo transversal, quantitativo, desenvolvido com 240 graduandas de uma universidade pública brasileira. A coleta de dados ocorreu de modo online através de um questionário estruturado que contemplava as características sociodemográficas e de hábitos de vida das participantes, e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Para análise dos dados utilizou-se estatística descritiva, teste de associação e comparação de médias. Resultados: a maioria das jovens apresentou nível médio de autoestima. Não foi encontrada associação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis "nível de autoestima" e "cor ou raça autorreferida". Conclusão: embora não tenha sido identificada associação significativa entre cor ou raça autorreferida e nível de autoestima, jovens negras apresentam escores médios de autoestima inferiores ao de jovens não negras. Estratégias que fortaleçam a autoestima das jovens universitárias são necessárias para prevenir prejuízos à sua saúde física, mental, e, consequentemente, ao seu desempenho acadêmico.

Objetivo: evaluar y comparar la autoestima de jóvenes universitarias de entre 18 y 24 años en función de los criterios de raza/etnia. Método: estudio transversal, cuantitativo, desarrollado con 240 estudiantes universitarias de una universidad pública brasileña. La recopilación de datos se realizó online a través de un cuestionario estructurado que incluía los hábitos sociodemográficos y de estilo de vida de las participantes, y la Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg. Para el análisis de datos, se utilizó estadística descriptiva, prueba de asociación y comparación de medias. Resultados: la mayoría de las mujeres jóvenes presentaban un nivel de autoestima promedio. No se encontró asociación estadísticamente significativa entre las variables "nivel de autoestima" y "etnia o raza autodeclarada". Conclusión: aunque no se identificó una asociación significativa entre la etnia o raza autodeclarada y el nivel de autoestima, las jóvenes negras presentan puntajes promedio de autoestima más bajos que las jóvenes no negras. Es necesario implementar estrategias que fortalezcan la autoestima de las jóvenes universitarias para evitar daños a su salud física, mental y, en consecuencia, a su rendimiento académico

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The objective of this work is to evaluate the influence of accelerated aging test at 41ºC on the germination and seed vigor of Piptadenia moniliformisBenth. Two experiments were conducted. Experiment 1: seeds were submitted to dormancy overcoming treatments. They were immersed into sulfuric acid for 0 (intact seeds), 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 minutes. Experiment 2: two methods were evaluated for the accelerated aging test at 41ºC, that is, the traditional method and the saturated NaCl solution method with exposure periods of 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. After each treatment, the seeds were subjected to electrical conductivity and germination tests. Seeds overcame their dormancy when immersed into concentrated sulfuric acid for 5, 10, 15, 20 or 25 minutes, but thegermination was faster when immersed for 20 minutes. The different methods for the accelerated aging test, decreased the germination potential and seed vigor of P. moniliformisafter 24 hours of exposure. Regarding the method used, the saturated solution provided, in general, the best results since the seed water content was lower, thus reducing the proliferation of fungi. The electrical conductivity test showed that, by increasing the aging period regardless of the method, there is an increase in seed deterioration, corroborating with germination results, which showed that the correlation was moderate and negative and indicated that the higher the conductivity, the lower the percentage and the germination speed index. The immersion of seeds of P. moniliformisinto concentrated sulfuric acid for 20 minutes provides a fast and increased germination. The methods for accelerated agingat 41ºC, traditional and saturated solution, can be used as vigor tests to evaluate the physiological quality of seeds.

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Haloperidol is a first-generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychoses, especially schizophrenia. This drug acts by blocking dopamine D2 receptors, reducing psychotic symptoms. Notwithstanding its benefits, haloperidol also produces undesirable impacts, in particular extrapyramidal effects such as tardive dyskinesia (TD), which limit the use of this and related drugs. TD is characterized by repetitive involuntary movements occurring after chronic exposure therapy with haloperidol. Symptoms most commonly manifest in the orofacial area and include involuntary movements, tongue protrusion, pouting lips, chewing in the absence of any object to chew, and facial grimacing. The most serious aspect of TD is that it may persist for months or years after drug withdrawal and is irreversible in some patients. This unit, aimed at facilitating the study of TD, describes methods to induce TD in rats using haloperidol, as well as procedures for evaluating the animals's TD-related symptoms. © 2019 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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As desigualdades étnico-raciais, o gênero e a autoestima são alguns dos fatores que podem interferir na saúde sexual e reprodutiva da população jovem. Ainda, o ingresso na universidade vem sendo relacionado ao envolvimento de jovens em condutas que podem comprometer sua saúde. Apesar destas evidências, a relação entre estas variáveis ainda é pouco explorada na literatura científica. Por isso, tem-se como objetivo deste estudo analisar a influência da autoestima na saúde sexual e reprodutiva de mulheres universitárias, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, segundo o critério raça/cor. Trata-se de um estudo observacional, transversal, descritivo e analítico, desenvolvido no campus de uma universidade pública estadual, localizado em uma cidade de grande porte do interior do estado de São Paulo. A população do estudo foi composta por todas as mulheres estudantes do primeiro e do último ano, de todos os cursos presenciais de graduação do campus estudado, com idade entre 18 e 24 anos, e que já haviam iniciado a vida sexual. Para a coleta de dados foi utilizado um questionário estruturado sobre as características sociodemográficas e de saúde sexual e reprodutiva das participantes, e a Escala de Autoestima de Rosenberg (Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale - RSES). Ambos os instrumentos foram transpostos para a ferramenta de captura eletrônica de dados Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). A coleta de dados ocorreu de modo online entre os meses de maio e setembro de 2018. As estudantes foram convidadas a participar da pesquisa por meio de correio eletrônico. Todos os dados foram analisados com a utilização do programa estatístico Statistical Analysis System SAS® 9.4. A caracterização das participantes foi realizada com base na estatística descritiva. Para verificação de associação entre as variáveis qualitativas utilizou-se o Teste Exato de Fisher. Para medir a força da relação ou associação entre variáveis quantitativas utilizou-se o Coeficiente de Correlação de Pearson, e para comparação entre médias foram utilizados o Teste T-Student e a metodologia ANOVA. Para todas as análises estatísticas foi considerado um nível de significância de 5% (α=0,05). A maioria das participantes (53,75%) apresentou nível médio de autoestima. A média de pontuação foi de 27,79 pontos. Não houve associação estatisticamente significativa entre as variáveis "nível de autoestima" e "cor ou raça autorreferida" (p = 0,1136) e "nível de autoestima" e "ano de curso" (p= 0,1937). No tocante as variáveis que apresentaram associação estatisticamente significativa, observou-se relação entre "uso de método contraceptivo" e as variáveis "cor ou raça autorreferida" e "ano de curso" (p = 0,0186 e p = 0,0199 respectivamente), "procura por serviços de saúde por causas relacionadas à saúde sexual e reprodutiva" e as variáveis "cor ou raça autorreferida" (p = 0,0315), "nível de autoestima" (p = 0,0106) e "ano de curso" (p = 0,0416). Também houve associação significativa entre "ano de curso" e as variáveis "uso de camisinha" e "sexo sob efeito de álcool ou outras drogas" (p = 0,0085 e p = 0,0176 respectivamente). Conclui-se que, embora não tenha sido identificada associação significativa entre cor ou raça autorreferida e nível de autoestima, jovens negras apresentam desvantagens no que se refere a algumas características positivas de saúde sexual e reprodutiva quando comparadas a jovens não negras. Assim, ressalta-se a necessidade de estratégias que diminuam as disparidades raciais que culminam em prejuízos a saúde de jovens negras, através de políticas equitativas, destacando o ambiente universitário como um espaço promissor para naturalização das discussões raciais, promoção da autoestima e da saúde de mulheres jovens

Ethnic racial inequalities, gender and self-esteem are some of the factors that may interfere with the sexual and reproductive health of the young population. Also, university entrance has been related to the involvement of young people in conducts that can compromise their health. Despite these evidences, the relationship between these variables is still little explored in the scientific literature. Therefore, the objective of this study is to analyze the influence of self-esteem on sexual and reproductive health of female college undergraduates, aged 18-24, according to race / color criteria. It is an observational, transversal, descriptive and analytical study developed on the campus of a state public university located in a large city in the interior of the state of São Paulo. The study population consisted of all female freshmen and seniors from all undergraduate courses at the campuses studied, aged 18-24, who are sexually initiated. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on the sociodemographic and sexual and reproductive health characteristics of the participants, and the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Both instruments were transposed to the electronic data capture tool Research Electronic Data Capture (REDCap). Data collection took place online between May and September 2018. Students were invited to participate in the survey by electronic mail. All data was analyzed using the Statistical Analysis System SAS® 9.4 program. The characterization of the participants was performed based on descriptive statistics. Fisher's Exact Test was used to verify the association between the qualitative variables. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to measure the strength of the relation or association between quantitative variables, and the Student's T-test and the ANOVA methodology were used to compare the means. For all statistical analyzes a significance level of 5% (α = 0.05) was considered. Most participants (53.75%) had an average level of self-esteem. The average score was 27.79 points. There was no statistically significant association between the variables "self-esteem level" and "self-reported color or race" (p = 0.1136) and "self-esteem level" and "year of course" (p = 0.1937). The variables that presented a statistically significant association, there was a relationship between "contraceptive method use" and "self-reported color or race" and "year of course" variables (p = 0.0186 and p = 0.0199 respectively) (P = 0.0315), "self-esteem level" (p = 0.0106), and "year of course" (p = 0.0416). There was also a significant association between "year of course" and the variables "condom use" and "sex under the influence of alcohol or other drugs" (p = 0.0085 and p = 0.0176, respectively). It is concluded that, although no significant association between color or self-reported race and level of self-esteem has been identified, young black women have disadvantages regarding some positive sexual and reproductive health characteristics when compared to young non-black women. Thus, it is necessary to emphasize the need for strategies that reduce racial disparities and lead to the lessen young blacks health through policies that emphasize equality, highlighting the university environment as a promising space for naturalizing racial discussions, promotion of self-esteem and young women health

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OBJECTIVE: To describe and analyze the forms of representation of black women in posters used by the Brazilian Ministry of Health for advertising campaigns on women's sexual and reproductive health. METHOD: Descriptive, exploratory and documentary study with advertising posters addressing the promotion of women's sexual and reproductive health, available at the Virtual Health Library - Brazil. For the analysis of data, the thematic content analysis was used. RESULTS: Out of the 498 identified posters, 161 addressed women's sexual and reproductive health. After applying the exclusion criteria, 41 posters remained, of which 31 (75.6%) represented a white woman, nine (21.9%) a black woman, and one an indigenous woman (2.4%). Data analysis converged to two analytical categories: the pseudo representation of black women; and women's sexual and reproductive health limited to pregnancy and postpartum. CONCLUSION: The representation of the black woman in the advertising posters of the Brazilian Ministry of Health is low, and the themes addressed in the posters do not contemplate all the phenomena that make up the sexual and reproductive health of women during their life cycle.

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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the forms of coping used to relieve tensions by elderly caregivers of elderly relatives and to know the type of support they receive from the Primary Health Care service at home. METHOD: A qualitative study with a theoretical-methodological contribution of Grounded Theory, carried out with 10 elderly caregivers interviewed between August 2014 and January 2015. RESULTS: Participants use primarily religious coping to deal with adverse situations that arise in their lives; they attribute to the sacred the strength to continue to age and care for another elderly person at home. Religiousness was the main coping strategy used by the participants, but little recognized by the health service. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: It is recommended that the Primary Health Care service provide greater support to these caregivers and be attentive to the spiritual dimension as an auxiliary element in the process of comprehensive and inclusive health care of these elderly caregivers.

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ABSTRACT Objective: To investigate the forms of coping used to relieve tensions by elderly caregivers of elderly relatives and to know the type of support they receive from the Primary Health Care service at home. Method: A qualitative study with a theoretical-methodological contribution of Grounded Theory, carried out with 10 elderly caregivers interviewed between August 2014 and January 2015. Results: Participants use primarily religious coping to deal with adverse situations that arise in their lives; they attribute to the sacred the strength to continue to age and care for another elderly person at home. Religiousness was the main coping strategy used by the participants, but little recognized by the health service. Final considerations: It is recommended that the Primary Health Care service provide greater support to these caregivers and be attentive to the spiritual dimension as an auxiliary element in the process of comprehensive and inclusive health care of these elderly caregivers.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Investigar las formas de enfrentamiento utilizadas para alivio de tensiones por cuidadores ancianos de familiares ancianos y conocer el tipo de apoyo que reciben del servicio de Atención Primaria a la Salud en el domicilio. Método: Estudio cualitativo, con aporte teórico-metodológico de la Grounded Theory, realizado con 10 cuidadores ancianos entrevistados, entre agosto de 2014 y enero de 2015. Resultados: Los participantes se utilizan prioritariamente del coping religioso para enfrentar situaciones adversas que surgen en sus vidas; atribuyen al sagrado la fuerza para continuar envejeciendo y cuidar de otro anciano en el domicilio. La religiosidad fue la principal estrategia de enfrentamiento utilizada por los participantes, pero poco reconocida por el servicio de salud. Consideraciones finales: Se recomienda que el servicio de Atención Primaria a la Salud proporcione mayor apoyo a esos cuidadores y que esté atento a la dimensión espiritual como elemento auxiliar en el proceso de asistencia integral e inclusiva a la salud de esos cuidadores ancianos.

RESUMO Objetivo: Investigar as formas de enfrentamento utilizadas para alívio de tensões por cuidadores idosos de familiares idosos e conhecer o tipo de apoio que recebem do serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde no domicílio. Método: Estudo qualitativo, com aporte teórico-metodológico da Grounded Theory, realizado com 10 cuidadores idosos entrevistados, entre agosto de 2014 e janeiro de 2015. Resultados: Os participantes utilizam-se prioritariamente do coping religioso para enfrentar situações adversas que surjam em suas vidas; atribuem ao sagrado a força para continuar a envelhecer e cuidar de outro idoso no domicílio. A religiosidade foi a principal estratégia de enfrentamento utilizada pelos participantes, porém, pouco reconhecida pelo serviço de saúde. Considerações finais: Recomenda-se que o serviço de Atenção Primária à Saúde proporcione maior apoio a esses cuidadores e que esteja atento à dimensão espiritual como elemento auxiliar no processo de assistência integral e inclusiva à saúde desses cuidadores idosos.

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