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Background: Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) refer to a semantic field of negative childhood events that, in conjunction with insufficient personal, family, or contextual coping resources, have the potential of becoming traumatic. Objective: To assess the prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) and their association with sociodemographic variables and physical and mental illnesses in a Mexican sample. Design: A cross-sectional design was used. The sample included 917 Mexican adults who responded to the Adverse Childhood Experiences International Questionnaire (ACE-IQ). Most of the participants were female (79.3%) with an average age of 37 years, a monthly income between 500 and 2,500 USD (59.2%), had completed university education (45.6%) and were married or in a common-law marriage (53.1%). Data was collected through Google Forms, and the link to the form was shared through electronic social networks. Results: A total of 48.3% of the participants presented seven to nine types of ACEs. Among their responses, the most prevalent categories were emotional neglect (95.1%), family violence (83.3%), and emotional abuse (78.6%). A significant association was found between the number of ACEs and the mental illness diagnosis (x2(20) = 15.16; p<001). Women were found to report more experiences of sexual abuse (z = -6.62, p<. 001), whereas men reported more experiences of community violence (z= -4.27, p < .001) and collective violence (z = -3.94, p<.001). Conclusions: The prevalence of ACEs in the Mexican population is high. However, men and women reported differences in certain types of ACEs. It was found that people with a diagnosis and family history of mental illnesses presented a higher number of ACE categories.

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Abstract Objective. To identify associations between sociodemographic variables and stages of change and evaluate differences between health belief model variables and these stages. Methods. This cross-sectional descriptive study included 612 women aged 40 years and older admitted to a public hospital in the Northeast of Mexico. The participants answered the health belief model scale and selected the statement that best reflected their experience with mammography screening. The association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the mammography stages of change was assessed using X2, and the groups of stages of change were compared using one-way ANOVA and Games-Howell post-hoc tests. Results. There was a significant association between age and the stages of action and maintenance. Breast cancer screening methods such as breast self-examination and clinical breast examination were more common among women in the stages of maintenance and relapse. There were differences between pre-contemplation and the more advanced stages in all dimensions except in the perceived seriousness p <.001. Self-efficacy and health motivation were different among women at the stage of contemplation, maintenance, and relapse. Conclusions. Perceived self-efficacy and health motivation may increase adherence to mammography screening.

Resumen El objetivo de la investigación fue identificar la asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas y las etapas de cambio para el uso de la mamografía y evaluar si existen diferencias entre las dimensiones del modelo de creencias en salud y las etapas de cambio. El diseño de este estudio es transversal descriptivo, se realizó de enero de 2017 a enero de 2018, incluyó a 612 mujeres de 40 años en adelante que asistían a un hospital de atención terciaria en el noreste de México. Las participantes firmaron el consentimiento informado y respondieron a la escala del modelo de creencias en salud y seleccionaron la declaración que mejor reflejaba su experiencia con la mamografía. La asociación entre las variables sociodemográficas y clínicas y las etapas de cambio de la mamografía se evaluó mediante X2, y los grupos de etapas de cambio se compararon mediante pruebas post hoc de ANOVA unidireccional y Games-Howell. Se encontró una asociación significativa entre la edad y las etapas de cambio de acción y mantenimiento. Los métodos de detección del cáncer de mama, como la autoexploración de mama y el examen clínico de mama, fueron más comunes entre las mujeres en las etapas de mantenimiento y recaída. Se obtuvieron diferencias significativas entre las etapas de pre-contemplación y las etapas más avanzadas en todas las dimensiones de creencias de salud, excepto en la seriedad percibida p <.001. La autoeficacia y la motivación para la salud fueron diferentes entre las mujeres en la etapa de contemplación, mantenimiento y recaída. La identificación de las etapas de cambio para la adopción de mamografías puede ayudar a desarrollar e implementar estrategias de intervención más efectivas. Además, la autoeficacia percibida y la motivación para la salud pueden aumentar la adherencia a la mamografía como método de detección del cáncer de mama.

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Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST) represent 1% of all gastrointestinal tumors and are included in the list of rare diseases. Objective: 1) To evaluate levels of psychological distress, fatigue, and quality of life. 2) To identify the variables that most influence distress among Mexican patients with GIST. Design: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a consecutive sample of 100 patients with GIST, who completed the following questionnaires online: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) as a measure of distress, Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI), and Quality of Life Questionnaire (QLQ C30). Results: Distress was present in 31% of patients. No association was found between distress and sociodemographic/clinical variables. The patients with distress demonstrated higher scores in all fatigue dimensions and, regarding quality of life, had more symptoms and were lower functioning. Distress was positively associated with all fatigue dimensions and with QLQ C30 symptoms. Negative associations were found between distress and QLQ C30 functioning dimensions. The predictors of psychological distress were general fatigue, reduced motivation, and emotional functioning. Conclusion: The percentage of patients with distress was akin to the levels found in patients with the most common types of cancer. Fatigue in patients with GIST should be evaluated and managed to improve distress levels.