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1.
Heliyon ; 7(8): e07817, 2021 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34466702

RESUMO

Recent studies have indicated that starch from legumes can potentially be used as an alternative to commercial flour with applications in food and biomaterials; however, some modifications may be required first to improve their functionality, as they show relatively lower solubility and functional properties compared to commonly marketed flours (e.g. good water retention capacity). This work used multiple enzymes in flour extracts of pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan), a legume, to optimize the enzyme hydrolysis process of such extracts by the Response Surface Method (RSM), to increase the digestibility and obtain desirable functional attributes at the nutritional level. The pH, temperature, time and enzyme/substrate (E/S) ratio were evaluated, and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was calculated as well as the reducing sugar content (%RS), used as response variable. According to the experimental design, the best pH, temperature, time and E/S ratio were 6.8, 43 °C, 1.84% m/m and 270 min, respectively. The %RS for the samples under optimal conditions was 3.49 ± 0.02%, and the in vitro digestibility yielded values of 39.2 ± 0.4, 58.6 ± 0.3 and 2.2 ± 0.2 for slowly digestible starch (SDS), rapidly digestible starch (RDS) and resistant starch (RS), respectively. Total digestibility (TD) was 97.8 ± 0.5. The statistical analysis revealed a strong positive relationship for E/S ratio followed by pH: (E/S) ratio, temperature and pH. Enzymatic hydrolysis carried out on pigeon pea showed an increase in TD. Viscosity, water retention capacity (WRC) and solubility were evaluated showing good response for future applications at the industrial level.

2.
Rev. Fac. Med. (Bogotá) ; 57(2): 111-123, abr.-jun. 2009.
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-575309

RESUMO

Antecedentes. Las micosis en la población geriátrica son frecuentes, condiciones higiénicas, ambientales y el deterioro del tejido tegumentario facilita su proliferación. Objetivo. Determinar la frecuencia de micosis superficiales y cutáneas que padece la población geriátrica de Tunja, los agentes etiológicos y los factores ambientales, sociales o fisiológicos que posiblemente conllevan a su desarrollo. Material y métodos. Estudio transversal. Entre abril y agosto del 2007 en la Universidad de Boyacá se procesaron 149 muestras procedentes de piel, cabello y uñas de 53 adultos mayores pertenecientes a los Programas “Grupo Revivir”, “Edad Dorada” Asilo San José y hogar geriátrico de Tunja, se realizó encuesta, examen directo a lesiones y cultivo. Resultados. Se identificó los agentes involucrados en el desarrollo de micosis cutáneas en la población geriátrica de Tunja, Candida albicans (27,78 por cento, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, (12,96 por cento), Candida parapsilosis (11,11 por cento) Trichophyton rubrum (7,41 por cento), Scytalidium hialinum (7,41 por cento) Scytalidium dimidiatum (5,56 por cento) Trichophyton sp (3,70 por cento) Candida Krusei (3,70 por cento) Candida rugosa (3,70 por cento) Candida tropicalis (3.70) Fusarium oxysporum (3,70 por cento) Fusarium sp (3,70 por cento) Candida guillermondi (1,85 por cento) Candida sp (1,85 por cento) Cryptococcus sp (1,85 por cento); las micosis de tipo interdigital son las más frecuentes con el 64 por ciento seguida de las onicomicosis (28 por cento), la dermatitis seborreica (5 por cento) y las micosis en pies (3 por cento). Conclusión. Cifras similares en estudios de Antioquia y Valle, se difiere de estudios internacionales. Este primer reporte hecho en población boyacense sugiere mayor atención dermatológica a la población anciana...


Assuntos
Idoso , Infecções Bacterianas , Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos , Micoses , Fatores de Risco
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