RESUMO
Study aims were to examine oppression in education among Mexican immigrant youth with undocumented status and how mentors and other adults helped them resist oppression. Qualitative, narrative one-on-one interviews were conducted with 17 Mexican immigrant young adults with undocumented or DACA status in the U.S. Participants provided retrospective accounts from childhood through older adolescence. Analyses revealed critical junctures in which participants experienced oppression: (1) developmental milestones and school events, (2) college application process, (3) unforeseen life events, and (4) incidents of racial discrimination. Mentors and other adults helped participants to resist oppression through advocacy, social capital efforts, role modeling, and emotional, instrumental, and financial support. This study fills gaps in the literature on mentoring and immigrant youth who are undocumented.
Assuntos
Emigrantes e Imigrantes , Imigrantes Indocumentados , Adolescente , Criança , Humanos , Mentores , Estudos Retrospectivos , Imigrantes Indocumentados/psicologia , Universidades , Adulto JovemRESUMO
The present study used resilience theory to explore relationships among perceived racial discrimination, ethnic identity, gender, and economic value of education (EVE) among urban, low-income, Latina/o youth. It was expected that racial discrimination would predict poorer perceptions of the EVE among Latina/o adolescents. Ethnic identity was hypothesized to buffer the negative effect of racial discrimination on Latina/o students' EVE. The participants in this study were 396 urban, low-income Latina/o high school students from a large, Midwestern city who completed surveys in both 9th- and 10th-grade. Structural equation modeling was used to test the relationships among racial discrimination, ethnic identity, and EVE. Results supported a protective model of resilience. Specifically, ethnic identity served as a protective factor by buffering the negative effect of perceived racial discrimination on EVE for male participants. The present study is the first to examine ethnic identity as a buffer of racial discrimination on EVE among Latina/o high school students. Future directions and implications are discussed.
Assuntos
Logro , Atitude/etnologia , Educação/economia , Americanos Mexicanos , Pobreza , Racismo , Identificação Social , População Urbana , Adolescente , República Dominicana/etnologia , Escolaridade , Etnicidade , Feminino , Guatemala/etnologia , Hispânico ou Latino , Humanos , Estudos Longitudinais , Masculino , Teoria Psicológica , Porto Rico/etnologia , Resiliência Psicológica , Fatores SexuaisRESUMO
This article describes a quasi-experimental evaluation of a community-based, culturally and ecologically tailored HIV prevention intervention for Mexican American female adolescents grounded in the AIDS risk reduction model. A total of 378 Mexican American female adolescents (mean age = 15.2) participated in either the nine-session SHERO's (a female-gendered version of the word hero) intervention or a single session information-only HIV prevention intervention. Assessment data were collected at pretest, posttest, and 2-month follow up. Significant improvements across all time points were revealed on measures of self-esteem, condom attitudes, beliefs regarding a woman's control of her sexuality, beliefs regarding sexual assault, perceived peer norms, and HIV/AIDS and STI knowledge. At posttest SHERO's participants were more likely to carry condoms and to report abstaining from vaginal sex in the previous 2 months; and at 2-month follow up they reported using condoms more often in the preceding 2 months and planned on using them more frequently in the coming 2 months. Findings support the development of community-based adolescent HIV prevention interventions that address culturally specific ecological factors.
Assuntos
Infecções por HIV/prevenção & controle , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Americanos Mexicanos/estatística & dados numéricos , Comportamento Sexual/etnologia , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente/psicologia , Análise de Variância , Serviços de Saúde Comunitária/organização & administração , Feminino , Seguimentos , Infecções por HIV/etnologia , Promoção da Saúde/métodos , Humanos , North Carolina , Pobreza , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de Saúde/métodos , Comportamento de Redução do Risco , População Urbana , Adulto JovemRESUMO
This exploratory study was an in-depth examination of Mexican American adolescents' relationships with nonparental adults. Qualitative interviews with 10 Mexican American adolescents revealed 23 nonparental adults who served a mentoring function in their lives. Six of these nonparental adults were also interviewed. Data analyses were conducted using a grounded theory approach so that the relationships were described in participants' words and experiences. The nonparental adults identified by adolescents included siblings, extended family members, older peers, and institutional figures. The support provided took many different forms, from emotional to informational/experiential support, to modeling behavior, for example. Further, adolescents were supported in eight different areas of their lives. Participants also discussed the perceived benefits of these relationships for adolescents. Future research directions and implications for youth programming are discussed.