RESUMO

The male genitalia of Surazomus algodoal Ruiz & Valente, 2017 are described. Since this is the first attempt to describe male genitalia in the schizomids, we propose new terminology to describe the sclerites of the male genital chamber in the order. We believe that the male genitalia may provide a large set of characters for taxonomic research in schizomids, as the female genitalia have proven to do. The setae and other cuticular structures were investigated using light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The female of S. algodoal is described for the first time, including the genitalia, and we highlight the sexual dimorphism present in the species. We also present descriptions of: 1) microtrichia, with respect to their presence/length/distribution, 2) cuticular sensilla, glandular openings and other cuticular structures, proposing new terminology, 3) setae of the pedipalpal trochanter and tarsus. Some changes on the terminology of setae of pedipalpal tibia are also given. These advances may be useful for description in other schizomids. The pygidial glands, mostly ignored in modern papers, were assessed and commented upon.

Assuntos

Aracnídeos , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Genitália Masculina , Genitália , Sensilas/ultraestrutura , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura

RESUMO

Huriini Simon, 1901 currently consists of six genera and 17 species, distributed exclusively in South America. In this work, the huriine genus Guriurius Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, gen. nov. is proposed with two new species herein described: Guriurius minuano Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, sp. nov. (type species) and Guriurius nancyae Marta, Bustamante, Ruiz & Rodrigues, sp. nov. The female of Atelurius segmentatus Simon, 1901 is described and illustrated for the first time. Scoturius dipterioides Perger & Rubio, 2018 is transferred to Atelurius Simon, 1901 due to the morphological similarity of copulatory ducts of epigyne, and Hurius pisac Galiano, 1985 is transferred to Simonurius Galiano, 1988 due to the similarities in body shape and female genitalia. Simonurius campestratus (Simon, 1901) is synonymized with Simonurius quadratarius (Simon, 1901). The interpretation of genitalic characters in Huriini is discussed. In addition, we provide new distributional records for Admesturius bitaeniatus (Simon, 1901), Ad. mariaeugeniae Bustamante & Scioscia, 2014, Ad. schajovskoyi Galiano, 1988, At. segmentatus Simon, 1901, Scoturius tigris Simon, 1901, Hurius aeneus (Mello-Leitão, 1941), and Simonurius gladifer (Simon, 1901). Except for Urupuyu Ruiz & Maddison, 2015, all huriine genera are rediagnosed in the new context of tribe and genus composition.

RESUMO

Gypogyna Simon, 1900 is revised. Three species are recognized and diagnosed. The type species, Gypogyna forceps Simon, 1900, is redescribed and recorded from several localities in South America. Gypogyna amazonica Ruiz sp. nov. is described based on a male from Manaus, Brazil. Gypogyna mexicana Ruiz Bustamante sp. nov. is described based on specimens of both sexes from the state of Jalisco, Mexico. In addition, some comments on cheliceral dentiton and genital morphology are discussed.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão

RESUMO

Five new species of thiodinines are described: Atomosphyrus wandae sp. nov. (♂, from state of Piauí, Brazil); Cyllodania marietae sp. nov. (♂♀, from Ecuador); Tartamura turbo sp. nov. (♂♀, from state of Pará, Brazil); Thiodina camilae sp. nov. (♂♀, from the Dominican Republic); and Thiodina tyrioni sp. nov. (♂♀, from Arizona, U.S.A.). New records of Thiodina firme Bustamante Ruiz, 2017, Tartamura adfectuosa (Galiano, 1977), T. agatelin Bustamante Ruiz, 2017 and T. huao Bustamante Ruiz, 2017 are provided.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Animais

RESUMO

The Neotropical genus Marma Simon, 1902 is revised. With exception of the holotype of M. femella (Caporiacco, 1955), which was redescribed in previous work, all the other species of the genus were revised based on their types. The type species, M. baeri Simon, 1902, and M. nigritarsis (Simon, 1900) are redescribed based on newly collected specimens. The third and last species presently listed in the World Spider Catalog, M. femella, is confirmed as valid. Two species presently considered synonyms of M. nigritarsis are revalidated: M. rosea (Mello-Leitão, 1941) and M. argentina (Mello-Leitão, 1941). Two species are synonymized: Thysema dorae Mello-Leitão, 1944, syn. nov. with Ocnotelus argentinus Mello-Leitão, 1941 and Paralophostica centralis Soares Camargo, 1948, syn. nov. with Agelista rosea Mello-Leitão, 1941. Pseudoamphidraus variegatus Caporiacco, 1947 and M. trifidocarinata Caporiacco, 1947 are confirmed as synonyms of M. nigritarsis. Six new species from northern/northeastern Brazil are described: M. abaira sp. nov. (♀), M. linae sp. nov. (♂♀), M. pipa sp. nov. (♂♀), M. sinuosa sp. nov. (♂♀), M. spelunca sp. nov. (♂♀) and M. wesolowskae sp. nov. (♂♀). Also, the male of M. argentina is described for the first time. We give new diagnostic illustrations and updated distribution records for all the species of the genus.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Masculino

RESUMO

In this paper we redescribe the type species of Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, M. intentus O. Pickard-Cambridge, and describe Mago brimodes Ruiz Maddison sp. nov. from Ecuador. Based on both morphological features and the 16SND1 gene region, we concluded that the larger spiders traditionally identified as Mago, such as Mago acutidens Simon and related species, are not closely related to the small dark M. intentus (type species) and M. brimodes. Matinta Ruiz Maddison gen. nov. is therefore proposed to hold most species previously included in Mago. The following species are transferred from Mago to the new genus: Matinta acutidens (Simon, 1900) comb. nov. (type species), Matinta apophysis (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta balbina (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta chickeringi (Caporiacco, 1954) comb. nov., Matinta delicata (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta fasciata (Mello-Leitão, 1940) comb. nov., Matinta fonsecai (Soares Camargo, 1948) comb. nov., Matinta furcata (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta jurutiensis (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta longidens (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta mimica (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta opiparis (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta pardo (Costa Ruiz, 2017) comb. nov., Matinta procax (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta saperda (Simon, 1900) comb. nov., Matinta silvae (Crane, 1943) comb. nov., Matinta similis (Patello Ruiz, 2014) comb. nov., Matinta steindachneri (Taczanowski, 1878) comb. nov. and Matinta vicana (Simon, 1900) comb. nov. Mago dentichelis Crane, 1949 is transferred to Noegus Simon.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Equador , Tamanho do Órgão

RESUMO

Seven new species of Amphidraus Simon, 1900 are described from Brazil: A. araripe sp. nov. (♂♀), A. boomerang sp. nov. (♂), A. cornipalpis sp. nov. (♂♀), A. draconitupan sp. nov. (♂♀), A. manauara sp. nov. (♂♀), A. sacrificatus sp. nov. (♂) and A. shenlong sp. nov. (♂). Morphological variation in the male palp of A. draconicaudatus Salgado Ruiz, 2017 and A. caxiuanan Salgado Ruiz, 2017 is discovered and evaluated.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Animais , Brasil , Masculino

RESUMO

Surazomus saturninoae sp. nov. is described from eastern Amazon. The male has a pentagonal flagellum, similar to those of three other species in the genus. These four species are herein gathered as the arboreus-group of Surazomus. We present a brief synopsis of chaetotaxy description in hubbardiines and several homology proposals for the flagellum of the species in the arboreus-group: the posterior lobes may be homologous to the lateral lobes of hubbardiine species with trilobed flagella; the setal brush with 4-5 setae on the posterior lobe may be composed of one Dl2 seta and enlarged lobular microsetae; the single, median posterior coupling pocket may be homologous to the pair of posterior pockets seen in other hubbardiines; the single, median anterior coupling pocket may be homologous to the pair of pockets on the anterior border of the flagellum seen in other hubbardiines. Based on the morphology of these pockets and the chelicerae within Surazomus, we discuss the anchoring mechanism during the mating march.

Assuntos

Aracnídeos/classificação , Aracnídeos/fisiologia , Flagelos/fisiologia , Reprodução , Sensilas/fisiologia , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Estruturas Animais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Aracnídeos/anatomia & histologia , Feminino , Masculino , Sensilas/anatomia & histologia

RESUMO

Two new species of Neonella Gertsch, 1936 from Brazil are described: N. gyrinus sp. nov. (♂) from Caseara, state of Tocantins, and N. choanocytica sp. nov. (♂♀) from Piracuruca, state of Piauí. Since N. choanocytica is one of the smallest species of jumping spiders, detailed description of its tarsal tuft and spinnerets is given for future comparison. New records of N. salafraria Ruiz and Brescovit, 2004 are provided.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Animais , Brasil , Besouros

RESUMO

Four new species of Mago O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1882 are described. Mago furcatus sp. nov. and Mago mimicus sp. nov. are described from Ecuador (Orellana and Napo provinces, respectively), both based only on the male holotypes. Both sexes of Mago pardo sp. nov. and the male of Mago apophysis sp. nov. are also described from the state of Pará, Brazil. A map with records of these species is given.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Animais , Brasil , Equador , Feminino , Masculino

RESUMO

The jumping spider tribe Thiodinini is revised at generic level: diagnoses are proposed for all valid genera, based on the type species of each genus, and in some cases, on new species herein described. The tribe contains seven genera: Thiodina Simon, 1900; Cyllodania Simon, 1902; Hyetussa Simon, 1902; Atomosphyrus Simon, 1902; Arachnomura Mello-Leitão, 1917, Titanattus Peckham & Peckham, 1885 and the new genus Tartamura gen. nov. The following genera are synonymized: Micalula Strand, 1932 and Bredana Gertsch, 1936 with Hyetussa Simon, 1902; Agelista Simon, 1900 with Titanattus Peckham & Peckham, 1885. With this, the following new combinations are established: Hyetussa longithorax (Petrunkevitch, 1925) comb. nov. (this species with a neotype designation), from Micalula, and Hyetussa complicata (Gertsch, 1936) comb. nov. and Hyetussa alternata (Gertsch, 1936) comb. nov., both from Bredana. A transfer is proposed: Thiodina minuta comb. nov. (from Cyllodania). Twelve new species are described: Arachnomura querandi sp. nov.; Cyllodania trinidad sp. nov.; Cyllodania zoobotanica sp. nov.; Hyetussa sergipe sp. nov.; Hyetussa tremembe sp. nov.; Tartamura agatelin sp. nov.; Tartamura huao sp. nov.; Tartamura metzneri sp. nov.; Thiodina firme sp. nov.; Thiodina perian sp. nov.; Titanattus acanjuba sp. nov. and Titanattus euryphaessa sp. nov. Morphological traits and aspects of the phylogeny are discussed.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Tamanho do Órgão , Trinidad e Tobago

RESUMO

Twenty-seven new species of the genus Neoxyphinus are described, all from Brazil, raising the total number of species of the genus to 48. The new species with the respective geographic distribution and known sexes are: N. capiranga sp. nov. (♂♀) from Amazonas, Pará, Mato Grosso and Rondônia; N. caprichoso sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. garantido sp. nov. (♂♀) from Amazonas and Pará; N. crasto sp. nov. (♂♀) from Bahia and Sergipe; N. murici sp. nov. (♂♀) from Alagoas and Sergipe; N. meurei sp. nov. (♀) from Bahia and Mato Grosso; N. belterra sp. nov. (♂♀) from Pará and Mato Grosso; N. ornithogoblin sp. nov. (♂♀), N. sax sp. nov. (♂♀), N. coari sp. nov. (♂♀), N. tucuma sp. nov. (♂♀), N. ducke sp. nov. (♂) and N. carigoblin sp. nov. (♀) from Amazonas; N. almerim sp. nov. (♂), N. mutum sp. nov. (♂♀), N. caxiuana sp. nov. (♂♀), N. cachimbo sp. nov. (♂) and N. jacareacanga sp. nov. (♀) from Pará; N. paraty sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. rio sp. nov. (♂♀) from Rio de Janeiro; N. novalima sp. nov. (♂♀) and N. celluliticus sp. nov. (♂) from Minas Gerais; N. paraiba sp. nov. (♂) and N. simsinho sp. nov. (♂♀) from Paraíba; N. cantareira sp. nov. (♂) from São Paulo; N. cavus sp. nov. (♂) from Espírito Santo and N. stigmatus sp. nov. (♂) from Bahia. A key for identification of all 48 known species of Neoxyphinus is provided and possible monophyletic lineages within the genus are discussed.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Animais , Brasil

RESUMO

The new genus Amazoonops is proposed for a group of species from the Brazilian Amazon that belong to the Varioonops group, which is presently composed by Varioonops Bolzern & Platnick, Ponsoonops Bolzern and Bipoonops Bolzern. In these genera, female lacks the dorsal abdominal scutum, have a reduced abdominal post-epigastric scutum, and the male palp has unfused cymbium and tegulum. The incomplete abdominal epigastric scutum of females and the sternal surface covered with deep pits in both sexes are considered as putative synapomorphies of the new genus. Five new species are described, four from the state of Pará (Amazoonops almeirim sp. nov., A. cachimbo sp. nov., A. caxiuana sp. nov. and A. juruti sp. nov.) and one from the state of Amazonas (A. ducke sp. nov.). Females of A. almeirim sp. nov. and A. ducke sp. nov. are unknown.

Assuntos

Aranhas , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino

RESUMO

Four syntopic species of Soesilarishius Makhan, 2007 are recorded from the Floresta Estadual do Trombetas, Oriximiná, Pará, Brazil. The first is the type species of the genus, S. amrishi Makhan, 2007, of which we redescribe the male and describe the female for the first time. The other three species are new and described herein based on both sexes: S. laticlavus sp. nov., S. trombetas sp. nov. and S. elongatulus sp. nov.

Assuntos

Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Aranhas/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Especificidade da Espécie

RESUMO

Edwardsya gen. nov. is proposed to include the type species Attus simoni Taczanowski, 1871 from lower Amazon River, and E. igapo sp. nov. from upper Amazon River, both known only from Brazil. The male of Edwardsya simoni comb. nov. is redescribed and the correct female is described for the first time. Both sexes of the second species are described and illustrated. A modified endite apophysis is described, and a stimulatory role in copulation is proposed for it.

Assuntos

Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Aranhas/classificação , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Especificidade da Espécie

RESUMO

Three new species of Kalcerrytus Galiano, 2000 from the state of Pará in the Brazilian Amazon are described: K. amplexus sp. nov. from Parque Nacional da Serra do Pardo, São Félix do Xingu, K. filipi sp. nov. from Reserva Ecológica do Jari, Almeirim, and K. leonardi sp. nov. from Juruti. These increase up to 18 the described species within the genus.

Assuntos

Aranhas/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Estruturas Animais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Brasil , Feminino , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Aranhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento

RESUMO

The spiders of the genus Neoxyphinus Birabén differ from those of other oonopid genera by the male endites with an api-cal, retrolateral excavation bearing a subapical tooth-like apophysis and, in females, by the ellipsoid genital atrium, with angular lateral margins. In this paper, eleven new species of the genus are described, mainly from northern South America: N. amazonicus Moss & Feitosa, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Colombia and Brazil; N. macuna Moss & Ruiz, sp. nov. (♂♀), N. tuparro Moss & Ruiz, sp. nov. (♂) and N. pure Moss & Bonaldo, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Colombia; N. yekuana Moss & Feitosa, sp. nov. (♂♀), N. trujillo Moss & Bonaldo, sp. nov. (♂♀), N. yacambu Moss & Feitosa, sp. nov. (♂) and N. saarineni Moss & Bonaldo, sp. nov. (♂) from Venezuela; N. inca Moss & Ruiz, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Peru; N. beni Moss & Feitosa, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Bolivia; and N. coca Moss & Feitosa, sp. nov. (♂♀) from Ecuador.

Assuntos

Aranhas/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Estruturas Animais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Feminino , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , América do Sul , Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Aranhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento

RESUMO

The genus Scopocira Simon, 1900 is revised and six valid species are redescribed and illustrated: S. carinata Crane, 1945, S. dentichelis Simon, 1900, S. fuscimana (Mello-Leitão, 1941), S. histrio Simon, 1900, S. melanops (Taczanowski, 1871) and S. tenella Simon, 1900. The following synonymies are established: S. vivida (Peckham & Peckham, 1901) = S. histrio Simon, 1900 syn. nov.; S. panamena Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 = S. dentichelis Simon, 1900 syn. nov. The males of S. fuscimana (Mello-Leitão, 1941) and S. melanops (Taczanowski, 1871) are described and illustrated for the first time. Both sexes of S. abaporu sp. nov., S. bicornia sp. nov., S. cepa sp. nov., S. cyrili sp. nov. and S. kunai sp. nov., and males of S. crotalica sp. nov., S. pterodactyla sp. nov. and S. sciosciae sp. nov., all eight from South America, are described and illustrated, increasing the present member list up to 14 species. Record maps are given. Scopocira atypica Mello-Leitão, 1922 is considered species inquirenda.

Assuntos

Aranhas/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Estruturas Animais/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Animais , Tamanho Corporal , Feminino , Masculino , Tamanho do Órgão , América do Sul , Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Aranhas/crescimento & desenvolvimento

RESUMO

Of all the amycines, the acutidens group of species of Mago is one of the most commonly collected groups throughout the Amazon. Redescriptions of M. acutidens Simon and M. longidens Simon by Galiano initially helped separating the two species, but then it became clear that we were dealing with a group of several similar species demanding revision. In order to make identification possible, we present here a revision of this newly proposed group of species, providing illustrations of the male palp and epigyne for all the recognized species. The female of M. longidens Simon is described for the first time. Besides the new records for both M. acutidens and M. longidens, we present M. jurutiensis sp. nov. and M. similis sp. nov. from Juruti, Pará, Brazil, M. delicatus sp. nov. from several localities in the Brazilian states of Amazonas and Pará, and M. balbina sp. nov. from Presidente Figueiredo, Amazonas. Maps with collecting records for all species of the group are presented.

Assuntos

Aranhas/classificação , Distribuição Animal , Estruturas Animais/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Brasil , Ecossistema , Feminino , Masculino , Aranhas/anatomia & histologia

RESUMO

Lapsamita maddisoni gen. et sp. nov. is described from Bahia, Brazil. The presence of palpal claws in females, long ventral spines on front tibiae and metatarsi and long retrolateral tibial apophyses in male palps suggested that the species was closely related to or even nested within Soesiladeepakius Makhan, 2007. To evaluate its phylogenetic position, a cladistic analysis was carried out using a data matrix comprising 24 morphological characters, scored for 13 taxa. The analysis showed L. maddisoni as the sister group of Soesiladeepakius, supporting the proposal of the new genus. Character evolution is discussed and compared to a previous study on the group.

Assuntos

Aranhas/anatomia & histologia , Animais , Feminino , Masculino , Aranhas/classificação