RESUMO
In this work we evaluated the efficacy and safety of a bread formulation containing chitosan in dyslipidemic type 2 diabetic subjects. For this purpose a total of 18 patients were allowed to incorporate to their habitual diets 120 g/day of bread containing 2% (wt/wt) chitosan (chitosan group, n= 9) or standard bread (control group, n= 9). Before the study and after 12 weeks on the modified diet, the following parameters were evaluated: body weight, plasma cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol, triglyceride, and hemoglobin A(1c) (HbA(1c)). Compared with the control group, the patients receiving chitosan-containing bread decreased their mean levels of LDL-cholesterol and significantly increased their mean levels of HDL-cholesterol at the end of the study. There were no significant differences in the body weight, serum triglyceride, and HbA(1c). These results suggest that chitosan incorporated into bread formulations could improve the lipoprotein balance similar to typical biliary salts trappers, increasing the HDL- and lowering the LDL-cholesterol, without changing the triglyceride levels. These results warrant further studies over a longer period of time to evaluate if a persistent improvement in levels of lipoproteins can be attained with this strategy.
Assuntos
Pão , Quitina/análogos & derivados , Quitina/administração & dosagem , HDL-Colesterol/sangue , LDL-Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/dietoterapia , Hiperlipidemias/dietoterapia , Glicemia/metabolismo , Peso Corporal/efeitos dos fármacos , Quitina/efeitos adversos , Quitosana , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicações , Aditivos Alimentares/farmacologia , Aditivos Alimentares/uso terapêutico , Hemoglobinas Glicadas/análise , Humanos , Hiperlipidemias/sangue , Hiperlipidemias/complicações , Resultado do Tratamento , Triglicerídeos/sangueRESUMO
Glare disability and contrast sensitivity loss can be present in cataract patients with minimally reduced visual acuity. Objective and subjective visual function was analyzed in 72 patients (mean visual acuity = 20/40) before and after cataract surgery. Following surgery, most subjects regained normal function in all tests. Improvement in contrast sensitivity and reduction of glare disability were independent of preoperative visual acuity. Subjective improvement in visual function was predicted by acuity and contrast sensitivity tests.