RESUMO
To call attention to complications of chronic otitis media, the case of a patient who simultaneously developed lateral sinus thrombosis and Bezold's abscess is reported. A 7 year old boy presented with fever, drowsiness, cervical mass and otorrhea not responding to medical management. Work-up revealed lateral sinus thrombosis and cervical abscess secondary to right ear cholesteatoma. After treatment with surgery and antibiotics, he had a favorable outcome. We review the literature regarding the diagnosis and management of these complications and concluded that although less frequent they remain a clinical challenge.
Assuntos
Abscesso/etiologia , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/complicações , Otite Média com Derrame/complicações , Trombose dos Seios Intracranianos/complicações , Abscesso/diagnóstico por imagem , Abscesso/terapia , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , Otorreia de Líquido Cefalorraquidiano/etiologia , Criança , Colesteatoma da Orelha Média/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Otite Média com Derrame/tratamento farmacológico , Faringe/diagnóstico por imagem , Faringe/cirurgia , Trombose dos Seios Intracranianos/cirurgia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios XRESUMO
The present report investigates the effects of early undernutrition on the latent learning ability of rehabilitated adult male rats in a simple maze task. Rats were undernourished during suckling by feeding their dams an 8% casein diet. Well-nourished dams received a 25% casein diet during the same period. Rats were weaned at 21 days of age and nutritionally rehabilitated until they became adults, when behavioral task was conducted. Under a nonappetitive condition, rats were exposed either to an open field or to a maze apparatus. They were thereafter deprived of water and tested in the maze apparatus. Both well-nourished and undernourished rats that had been previously exposed to the maze performed better than those exposed to the open field. Nutritional treatment had no effect on performance of either the latent learning or of the open-field groups. These results suggest that rehabilitated adult rats are able to learn about the environment when no immediate reinforcement is involved. The discrepancy between our findings and results reported by others may be due to differences in task complexity and/or perhaps to the fact that nutritional rehabilitation also plays a role in reversing some of the deleterious effects of early undernutrition on learning ability of rats.
Assuntos
Comportamento Animal/fisiologia , Aprendizagem/fisiologia , Distúrbios Nutricionais/fisiopatologia , Animais , Animais Lactentes , Encéfalo/patologia , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos EndogâmicosRESUMO
1. Young rats were undernourished by feeding their dams an 8% protein diet (w/w) from birth until weaning (21 days); the dams of control rats were fed a 20% protein diet (w/w) until weaning. All offspring were fed a 20% protein diet from 21 to 120-150 days of age, when they were tested. 2. The involvement of endogenous opioids in the exploratory activity (rearing response and crossing frequency in a 2-compartment open-field test) was evaluated by examining the effects of a single injection of naltrexone (0.75 mg/kg, ip) 6 min prior to testing. 3. Naltrexone decreased exploratory activity (rearing) by approximately 50% in normal rats but had no effect on undernourished rats. 4. These data provide additional evidence for an alteration in the opioid system of undernourished rats.