RESUMO
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the presence of retinal autofluorescence findings in COVID-19 patients. Observational study conducted in São Paulo in 2020. Demographic, medical history, and concomitant events, as well as medications used, hospitalization details, and laboratory test results, were obtained. Patients underwent eye examination and multimodal imaging, including color, red-free, autofluorescence fundus photography and optical coherence tomography. Eighteen patients had autofluorescence findings (6 females; average age 54 years, range 31 to 86 years; 26 eyes). Hyper-autofluorescence findings were present in 6 patients, Hypo-autofluorescence in 14 patients, and 6 patients had mixed pattern lesions. Retinal autofluorescence abnormalities were present in COVID-19 patients and may be secondary to primary or secondary changes caused by the SARS-CoV-2.
RESUMO
The main purpose of this study was to investigate ocular clinical findings in patients with confirmed COVID-19 infection, of various levels of disease severity, who required mechanical ventilation and admission to intensive care units or specialized wards. Longitudinal, observational study conducted from March 2020 to June 2020. Color fundus and red-free photography were performed in both eyes following pupillary dilation. 104 participants were recruited from 2 different centers: 60 (58%) from the Hospital Municipal de Barueri intensive care unit (ICU) and 44 (42%) from specialized wards for patients with COVID-19 at the Hospital São Paulo. 21.9% presented with eye lesions, in 3% these lesions were vision compromising. Our results have shown similar rate of intraocular lesions in patients in both the ward or intensive care unit, regardless of medication use, including anticoagulant drugs.
Assuntos
COVID-19/diagnóstico , Unidades de Terapia Intensiva , Retina/diagnóstico por imagem , SARS-CoV-2/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Antivirais/análise , Brasil/epidemiologia , COVID-19/epidemiologia , COVID-19/virologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Pandemias , Estudos Retrospectivos , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Lutein and zeaxanthin, two carotenoid pigments of the xanthophyll subclass, are present in high concentrations in the retina, especially in the macula. They work as a filter protecting the macula from blue light and also as a resident antioxidant and free radical scavenger to reduce oxidative stress-induced damage. Many observational and interventional studies have suggested that lutein and zeaxanthin may reduce the risk of various eye diseases, especially late forms of AMD. In vitro and in vivo studies indicate that they could protect various ocular cells against oxidative damage. Recent research has shown that in addition to traditional mechanisms, lutein and zeaxanthin can influence the viability and function of cells through various signal pathways or transcription factors: for instance, they can affect immune responses and inflammation, and have anti-angiogenic and anti-tumor properties. This review covers the basic aspects and results of recent studies regarding the effects of lutein, zeaxanthin and other carotenoids, such as meso-zeaxanthin, on the eye in different clinical and experimental models and the management of various ocular diseases using these molecules.
RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Several lines of evidence suggest that macular pigment may play a protective role against age-related macular degeneration, but the influence of age on macular pigment density levels remains unclear. This study was designed to investigate the relationship between age and the normal distribution of macular pigment optical density (MPOD) values surrounding the fovea. METHODS: Consecutive healthy subjects with no evidence of ocular disease were enrolled in this study. After inclusion, MPOD values were measured at specific eccentricities (0.5, 1, and 2 degrees) from the foveal center using a dual-wavelength autofluorescence method employing a modified confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope. Whenever both eyes were eligible, one was randomly selected for analysis. The correlation between age and MPOD values was investigated using regression analysis. RESULTS: Thirty subjects (30 eyes) were included (mean age 48.6 ± 16.4 [range 23-77] years). Significant differences were found between MPOD values measured at 0.5, 1, and 2 degrees from the center of the fovea (0.49 ± 0.12 density units, 0.37 ± 0.11 density units, and 0.13 ± 0.05 density units, respectively, P < 0.05). Significant correlations between age and MPOD values at 0.5 and 1 degree were found (P ≤ 0.02). Values measured at 2 degrees did not correlate significantly with age (P = 0.06). CONCLUSION: In healthy subjects, MPOD values were highest near the foveal center. These values appeared to increase during adulthood (peak at 45-50 years), followed by a gradual reduction after 60 years of age.