RESUMO
Samples of black pepper root with the presence of galls from the most southern region of the State of Bahia, Brazil, were characterized biochemically and morphologically using three criteria: i) observation of the anterior region of the males; ii) analysis of female perineal configuration and iii) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis technique. Meloidogyne arenaria was found. This is the first report of this pathosystem in the State.
RESUMO
Most cultivars of apple trees are highly dependent on insects for successful pollination and fruit production. In this study, we evaluated the insect diversity in apple orchards of southern Brazil and verified whether or not there is a relationship between the diversity of insect visitors and the characteristics (weight, seed number, and symmetry) of the fruits of 'Fuji' and 'Gala' apples produced by the orchards. We also evaluated the diversity of insects on flowering weeds within apple orchards and compared it with the apple flowers. Diversity of anthophilous insects was low, in general, and differed between the regions. Furthermore, regarding insect diversity, orchards were grouped by management system: organic orchards were more similar to each other than to conventional orchards. The insect diversity of weed flowers was higher than apple flowers, but insect abundance was greater on apple flowers, suggesting that weeds may increase insect diversity within apple orchards and may sustain pollinators. We found a positive effect of insect diversity on the number of seeds of 'Fuji' apples and of honeybee abundance on their weight, suggesting that honeybee management is important in the studied areas. In contrast, we found no significant effect of insect diversity and abundance on 'Gala' apple characteristics. Despite this, the analyses of the seeds of 'Gala' apples indicate that the orchards may suffer a pollination deficit, which could be overcome by improving insect pollination. These results reinforce previous findings that insect diversity is important for apple yield, but its influence varies with cultivar.
Assuntos
Frutas , Insetos/classificação , Malus , Polinização , Animais , Brasil , Produtos Agrícolas , Flores/fisiologia , Insetos/fisiologia , SementesRESUMO
Based on morphology, measurements of juveniles and female specimens and sequences of the D2/ D3 expansion 28S rDNA gene and ITS1 analysis by DNA barcode technique, a Xiphinema americanum group species associated with olive trees from state of Sao Paulo, Brazil was identifi ed as X. santos. This is the first report of X. santos in Southern Hemisphere and outside the European and African continents, thus extending its geographic range.
RESUMO
Em tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) não há dimorfismo sexual, tornando-se necessária a diferenciação entre machos e fêmeas, em especial naqueles indivíduos com finalidade reprodutiva. Entre as diversas técnicas empregadas para a caracterização sexual, a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) é utilizada em mamíferos para identificar uma sequência genética especifica do cromossomo Y (SRY), sendo considerado um meio moderno e eficaz de determinação sexual. O objetivo deste trabalho é padronizar um protocolo para determinação sexual de tamanduá-bandeira por meio da técnica de PCR, utilizando material genético extraído do bulbo capilar desses animais. Mediante esse protocolo, foi possível determinar o sexo de sete animais testados, sendo compatível com o sexo de cada indivíduo. Conclui-se que o protocolo padronizado apresentou total eficácia, sendo possível determinar o sexo de tamanduás-bandeira utilizando material genético extraído do bulbo capilar.(AU)
There is no sexual dimorphism in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), so the distinction between males and females become necessary, especially in animals with reproductive purpose. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), among the various techniques used for characterization, is considered a modern and effective means of sex determination and used in mammals to identify the Y chromosome (SRY) specifies genetic sequence. The objective of this work is to standardize a protocol for sex determination of giant anteater by PCR technique, using genetic material extracted from the capillary bulb of these animals. With this protocol was possible the sex determination of seven tested animals, being compatible with the sex of each individual. In conclusion, this protocol showed total effectiveness, being possible to determine the giant anteater sex using genetic material extracted from the capillary bulb.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Análise para Determinação do Sexo/veterinária , Xenarthra , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Folículo PilosoRESUMO
Em tamanduá-bandeira (Myrmecophaga tridactyla) não há dimorfismo sexual, tornando-se necessária a diferenciação entre machos e fêmeas, em especial naqueles indivíduos com finalidade reprodutiva. Entre as diversas técnicas empregadas para a caracterização sexual, a reação em cadeia da polimerase (PCR) é utilizada em mamíferos para identificar uma sequência genética especifica do cromossomo Y (SRY), sendo considerado um meio moderno e eficaz de determinação sexual. O objetivo deste trabalho é padronizar um protocolo para determinação sexual de tamanduá-bandeira por meio da técnica de PCR, utilizando material genético extraído do bulbo capilar desses animais. Mediante esse protocolo, foi possível determinar o sexo de sete animais testados, sendo compatível com o sexo de cada indivíduo. Conclui-se que o protocolo padronizado apresentou total eficácia, sendo possível determinar o sexo de tamanduás-bandeira utilizando material genético extraído do bulbo capilar.(AU)
There is no sexual dimorphism in the giant anteater (Myrmecophaga tridactyla), so the distinction between males and females become necessary, especially in animals with reproductive purpose. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), among the various techniques used for characterization, is considered a modern and effective means of sex determination and used in mammals to identify the Y chromosome (SRY) specifies genetic sequence. The objective of this work is to standardize a protocol for sex determination of giant anteater by PCR technique, using genetic material extracted from the capillary bulb of these animals. With this protocol was possible the sex determination of seven tested animals, being compatible with the sex of each individual. In conclusion, this protocol showed total effectiveness, being possible to determine the giant anteater sex using genetic material extracted from the capillary bulb.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Masculino , Feminino , Análise para Determinação do Sexo/veterinária , Xenarthra , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/veterinária , Folículo PilosoRESUMO
Grapholita molesta (Busck) is one of the main pests in apple crops in Brazil, where it is controlled by mating disruption (MD) with the use of the synthetic sex pheromone. However, sex-pheromone-based monitoring is not effective in MD-treated areas and may result in losses in production. This work has defined a trap model and a bait for luring G. molesta adults in MD apple orchards. The experiments were conducted in commercial apple orchards located in São Joaquim, SC, Brazil. Three trap models-McPhail, Pot, and Ajar-and three baits-grape juice (25%) (GJ), sugarcane molasses (25%) (SM), and a solution containing brown sugar (8.69%) and terpinyl acetate (0.05%) (TAS)-were assessed for luring G. molesta adults in areas subjected to the mating disruption. The assessments were performed weekly by collecting the insects caught in the traps. In addition, time needed to replace traps was also assessed, as well as the selectivity of the trap/bait set. In the laboratory, G. molesta adults were sexed, and the females were dissected to confirm reproductive status. We discuss our results and sugarcane molasses (25%) captured the least number of G. molesta adults regardless of the tested traps. The Ajar/TAS, Pot/TAS, and McPhail/GJ captured the largest number of G. molesta adults. The Ajar/TAS was the most selective and easier to handle. TAS was efficient in catching G. molesta until 14 days after preparation of the solution. Ajar/TAS has potential to be used in the monitoring of G. molesta in apple orchards.
Assuntos
Controle de Insetos/instrumentação , Controle de Insetos/métodos , Mariposas , Animais , Brasil , Feminino , Sucos de Frutas e Vegetais , Masculino , Malus , Melaço , Açúcares , TerpenosRESUMO
O fungo Rhodotorula sp. era considerado como não patogênico, mas, com o aumento de casos de humanos imunossuprimidos nas últimas duas décadas, as espécies R. mucilaginosa, R. glutinis e R. minuta se tornaram agentes potencialmente patogênicos. Poucos relatos clínicos veterinários associados à Rhodotorula spp. foram descritos, e o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso de dermatite fúngica causada por R. glutinis em cão imunossuprimido devido à leishmaniose visceral e osteossarcoma, na cidade de Cuiabá-Mato Grosso. Um cão, macho, 11 anos, sem raça definida, foi trazido ao Hospital Veterinário apresentando lesões de pele com diagnóstico de dermatofitose e foi prescrito tratamento tópico à base de óleo de melaleuca, sem melhora após um mês de tratamento. O animal retornou ao Hospital Veterinário com hemorragia na região lesionada da cauda, e foi realizada biópsia para exames microbiológico e histopatológico. Nas análises microbiológica e histopatológica, foi isolada uma levedura e detectada a presença de estrutura semelhante a leveduras na coloração de prata, respectivamente. A levedura isolada foi identificada como R. glutinis por meio do sequenciamento do DNA. Um novo tratamento foi instituído, sem melhora do quadro clínico. O animal foi diagnosticado também com leishmaniose e osteossarcoma, provavelmente ocasionando a immunossupressão, e seu quadro evoluiu a óbito.(AU)
The fungi Rhodotorula sp was considered nonpathogenic, but with the increase of immunosuppressed humans in the last two decades, the species R. mucilaginosa, R. glutinis and R. minuta became potentially pathogenic agents. There have been few veterinary clinical reports associated with Rhodotorula spp. and this work aims to describe the first case of fungal dermatitis caused by R. glutinis in immunosuppressed dog due to visceral leishmaniasis and osteosarcoma in the city of Cuiabá-Mato Grosso. An 11-year-old male mongrel dog was examined to the Veterinary Hospital with skin lesions and the diagnosis was dermatophytosis and the treatment was implemented with topical tea tree oil for one month, but the treatment failed. The animal returned to the Veterinary Hospital with bleeding in the injured area of the tail and biopsy was performed for microbiological and histopathology evaluation. In the microbiological and histopathological analysis, yeast was isolated and yeast-like structures in silver staining were observed, respectively. The isolated yeast was identified as R. glutinis by DNA sequencing. A new treatment was implemented without clinical improvement. The animal was diagnosed with leishmaniasis and osteosarcoma, which probably caused immunosuppression, and its clinical conditions evolved to death.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Dermatite/veterinária , Cães/microbiologia , Rhodotorula/patogenicidade , Basidiomycota/patogenicidadeRESUMO
O fungo Rhodotorula sp. era considerado como não patogênico, mas, com o aumento de casos de humanos imunossuprimidos nas últimas duas décadas, as espécies R. mucilaginosa, R. glutinis e R. minuta se tornaram agentes potencialmente patogênicos. Poucos relatos clínicos veterinários associados à Rhodotorula spp. foram descritos, e o objetivo deste trabalho foi descrever um caso de dermatite fúngica causada por R. glutinis em cão imunossuprimido devido à leishmaniose visceral e osteossarcoma, na cidade de Cuiabá-Mato Grosso. Um cão, macho, 11 anos, sem raça definida, foi trazido ao Hospital Veterinário apresentando lesões de pele com diagnóstico de dermatofitose e foi prescrito tratamento tópico à base de óleo de melaleuca, sem melhora após um mês de tratamento. O animal retornou ao Hospital Veterinário com hemorragia na região lesionada da cauda, e foi realizada biópsia para exames microbiológico e histopatológico. Nas análises microbiológica e histopatológica, foi isolada uma levedura e detectada a presença de estrutura semelhante a leveduras na coloração de prata, respectivamente. A levedura isolada foi identificada como R. glutinis por meio do sequenciamento do DNA. Um novo tratamento foi instituído, sem melhora do quadro clínico. O animal foi diagnosticado também com leishmaniose e osteossarcoma, provavelmente ocasionando a immunossupressão, e seu quadro evoluiu a óbito.(AU)
The fungi Rhodotorula sp was considered nonpathogenic, but with the increase of immunosuppressed humans in the last two decades, the species R. mucilaginosa, R. glutinis and R. minuta became potentially pathogenic agents. There have been few veterinary clinical reports associated with Rhodotorula spp. and this work aims to describe the first case of fungal dermatitis caused by R. glutinis in immunosuppressed dog due to visceral leishmaniasis and osteosarcoma in the city of Cuiabá-Mato Grosso. An 11-year-old male mongrel dog was examined to the Veterinary Hospital with skin lesions and the diagnosis was dermatophytosis and the treatment was implemented with topical tea tree oil for one month, but the treatment failed. The animal returned to the Veterinary Hospital with bleeding in the injured area of the tail and biopsy was performed for microbiological and histopathology evaluation. In the microbiological and histopathological analysis, yeast was isolated and yeast-like structures in silver staining were observed, respectively. The isolated yeast was identified as R. glutinis by DNA sequencing. A new treatment was implemented without clinical improvement. The animal was diagnosed with leishmaniasis and osteosarcoma, which probably caused immunosuppression, and its clinical conditions evolved to death.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Cães , Cães/microbiologia , Rhodotorula/patogenicidade , Dermatite/veterinária , Basidiomycota/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Estudos indicam, por meio de infecção experimental, que primatas não humanos são susceptíveis à infecção por Neospora caninum. Relata-se um caso de um macaco-da-noite (Aotus azarae infulatus), que apresentou sinais inespecíficos e não respondeu à terapêutica clínica de suporte, evoluindo a óbito, encaminhado em seguida para exame anatomopatológico. Amostras de tecidos foram coletadas e processadas rotineiramente para confecção de lâminas histológicas. Microscopicamente, a principal lesão foi observada no coração e consistia em miocardite necrótica multifocal por protozoário, com a presença de estruturas compatíveis com o estágio de taquizoítos de protozoários dos gêneros Neospora sp. ou Toxoplasma sp. No sistema nervoso central, predominantemente no tronco encefálico, havia estruturas semelhantes às descritas no coração. Os resultados da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) foram positivos para N. caninum e negativos para Toxoplasma gondii, usando DNA extraído do sangue e dos tecidos. Este relato de caso fornece evidências histológicas e moleculares de que o primata em questão foi susceptível a uma infecção natural, porém estudos devem ser realizados para investigar o real papel dos primatas no ciclo de vida de N. caninum.(AU)
Studies indicate through experimental infection that non-human primates are susceptible to infection by Neospora caninum. This report is of a case of a night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) that presented nonspecific signs and did not respond to supportive clinical therapy evolving to death, followed by a pathology examination. Tissue specimens were routinely collected and processed for the preparation of histological slides. Microscopically, the main lesion was observed in the heart and consisted of multifocal necrotic myocarditis by protozoa, with the presence of structures compatible with the stage of protozoan tachyzoites of the genus Neospora sp. or Toxoplasma sp. In the central nervous system, predominantly in the brainstem there were structures similar to those described in the heart. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were positive for N. caninum and was negative for Toxoplasma gondii using DNA extracted from blood and tissues. This case report provides histological and molecular evidence that the primate in question was susceptible to a natural infection, but studies should be conducted to investigate the real role of primates in the life cycle of N. caninum.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Aotidae/genética , Aotidae/parasitologia , Neospora/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Estudos indicam, por meio de infecção experimental, que primatas não humanos são susceptíveis à infecção por Neospora caninum. Relata-se um caso de um macaco-da-noite (Aotus azarae infulatus), que apresentou sinais inespecíficos e não respondeu à terapêutica clínica de suporte, evoluindo a óbito, encaminhado em seguida para exame anatomopatológico. Amostras de tecidos foram coletadas e processadas rotineiramente para confecção de lâminas histológicas. Microscopicamente, a principal lesão foi observada no coração e consistia em miocardite necrótica multifocal por protozoário, com a presença de estruturas compatíveis com o estágio de taquizoítos de protozoários dos gêneros Neospora sp. ou Toxoplasma sp. No sistema nervoso central, predominantemente no tronco encefálico, havia estruturas semelhantes às descritas no coração. Os resultados da reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR) foram positivos para N. caninum e negativos para Toxoplasma gondii, usando DNA extraído do sangue e dos tecidos. Este relato de caso fornece evidências histológicas e moleculares de que o primata em questão foi susceptível a uma infecção natural, porém estudos devem ser realizados para investigar o real papel dos primatas no ciclo de vida de N. caninum.(AU)
Studies indicate through experimental infection that non-human primates are susceptible to infection by Neospora caninum. This report is of a case of a night monkey (Aotus azarae infulatus) that presented nonspecific signs and did not respond to supportive clinical therapy evolving to death, followed by a pathology examination. Tissue specimens were routinely collected and processed for the preparation of histological slides. Microscopically, the main lesion was observed in the heart and consisted of multifocal necrotic myocarditis by protozoa, with the presence of structures compatible with the stage of protozoan tachyzoites of the genus Neospora sp. or Toxoplasma sp. In the central nervous system, predominantly in the brainstem there were structures similar to those described in the heart. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results were positive for N. caninum and was negative for Toxoplasma gondii using DNA extracted from blood and tissues. This case report provides histological and molecular evidence that the primate in question was susceptible to a natural infection, but studies should be conducted to investigate the real role of primates in the life cycle of N. caninum.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Aotidae/genética , Aotidae/parasitologia , Neospora/patogenicidadeRESUMO
Este relato descreve o caso do Cladosporium cladosporioides isolado de uma lesão periocular de um felino atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, em Cuiabá. A principal queixa do proprietário era uma lesão periocular, com piora no decorrer do tempo, havia aproximadamente quatro meses. Foi descrita a tentativa de tratamento da lesão com anti-inflamatórios e antibióticos, sem sucesso. Na anamnese foi relatado que o animal tinha acesso à rua e a hábitos de caça e que não havia outros animais da casa com lesão semelhante. O animal foi submetido à biópsia e citologia para um diagnóstico mais preciso do caso. Um fragmento foi encaminhado para o Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária e outro para o de Microbiologia Veterinária. Nas análises histopatológicas, houve compatibilidade com carcinoma de células escamosas e, nas lâminas de citologia, foi evidenciado um processo inflamatório agudo. Nas características macroscópicas e microscópicas da colônia, houve compatibilidade com Cladosporium sp. Posteriormente, o DNA foi extraído e sequenciado, confirmando a espécie Cladosporium cladosporioides. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever o isolamento dessa espécie em um felino com carcinoma de células escamosas.(AU)
This report describes a case of Cladosporium cladosporioides isolated from a cat with a periocular lesion at the Veterinary Hospital, Cuiaba- Brazil. Owner described his animal as having a periocular lesion treated unsuccessfully with anti-inflamatories and antibiotics. During anamnesis, it was reported that the animal has access to the street, hunting habits and none of the other animals of the house had a similar injury. The animal underwent biopsy and cytology for more accurate diagnosis of the case. A fragment was referred to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory and another for Veterinary Microbiology. In the histopathological analysis of biopsy, it was compatible with squamous cell carcinoma and the cytology slides showed an acute inflammatory process. Microbiogical analysis isolated fungus with Cladosporium sp. Subsequently, DNA was extracted and sequenced confirming Cladosporium cladosporioides species. This paper reports the isolation of this species in a feline with squamous cell carcinoma.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinária , Cladosporium/isolamento & purificação , Feoifomicose/veterináriaRESUMO
Este relato descreve o caso do Cladosporium cladosporioides isolado de uma lesão periocular de um felino atendido no Hospital Veterinário da Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso, em Cuiabá. A principal queixa do proprietário era uma lesão periocular, com piora no decorrer do tempo, havia aproximadamente quatro meses. Foi descrita a tentativa de tratamento da lesão com anti-inflamatórios e antibióticos, sem sucesso. Na anamnese foi relatado que o animal tinha acesso à rua e a hábitos de caça e que não havia outros animais da casa com lesão semelhante. O animal foi submetido à biópsia e citologia para um diagnóstico mais preciso do caso. Um fragmento foi encaminhado para o Laboratório de Patologia Veterinária e outro para o de Microbiologia Veterinária. Nas análises histopatológicas, houve compatibilidade com carcinoma de células escamosas e, nas lâminas de citologia, foi evidenciado um processo inflamatório agudo. Nas características macroscópicas e microscópicas da colônia, houve compatibilidade com Cladosporium sp. Posteriormente, o DNA foi extraído e sequenciado, confirmando a espécie Cladosporium cladosporioides. O objetivo deste relato foi descrever o isolamento dessa espécie em um felino com carcinoma de células escamosas.(AU)
This report describes a case of Cladosporium cladosporioides isolated from a cat with a periocular lesion at the Veterinary Hospital, Cuiaba- Brazil. Owner described his animal as having a periocular lesion treated unsuccessfully with anti-inflamatories and antibiotics. During anamnesis, it was reported that the animal has access to the street, hunting habits and none of the other animals of the house had a similar injury. The animal underwent biopsy and cytology for more accurate diagnosis of the case. A fragment was referred to the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory and another for Veterinary Microbiology. In the histopathological analysis of biopsy, it was compatible with squamous cell carcinoma and the cytology slides showed an acute inflammatory process. Microbiogical analysis isolated fungus with Cladosporium sp. Subsequently, DNA was extracted and sequenced confirming Cladosporium cladosporioides species. This paper reports the isolation of this species in a feline with squamous cell carcinoma.(AU)
Assuntos
Animais , Gatos , Cladosporium/isolamento & purificação , Carcinoma de Células Escamosas/veterinária , Feoifomicose/veterináriaRESUMO
The Anastrepha fraterculus (Wiedemann) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is the main pest of fruit trees grown in temperate climates in the southern region of Brazil. The objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of the major commercial food lures used in Brazil for trapping and monitoring of A. fraterculus in plum, pear, and feijoa orchards. The assessed lures were hydrolyzed proteins of animal origin (CeraTrap) and plant origin (BioAnastrepha), torula yeast + borax (Torula), and grape juice. Response variables included the rate of adult capture (flies per trap per day, FTD) and the percentage of females captured. We also evaluated the number of times the weekly capture rate exceeded the traditional threshold of 0.5 FTD for each lure. Traps baited with grape juice, currently used for monitoring A. fraterculus in Southern Brazil, captured fewer adults and a lower percentage of females compared with the other lures. CeraTrap trapped a greater number of A. fraterculus adults and, in some cases, a lower percentage of females compared with the other lures in pears. Traps baited with CeraTrap had greater capture rates (FTD), particularly during the stages of fruit maturation and harvest, and even in years with low population density of A. fraterculus, thus demonstrating greater sensitivity in the detection of this pest. These results show that, in order to detect and monitor the presence of A. fraterculus in plum, feijoa, and pear crops, protein-based lures are superior to grape juice, especially the animal protein CeraTrap.
Assuntos
Quimiotaxia , Controle de Insetos/métodos , Feromônios/farmacologia , Tephritidae/fisiologia , Animais , Brasil , Feijoa/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Feminino , Masculino , Odorantes/análise , Prunus domestica/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Pyrus/crescimento & desenvolvimentoRESUMO
Objectives: To describe a case of Crohn's disease presenting as an anal ulceration in a 12 year-old girl, diagnosed initially as sexual abuse. Description: We study a case of Crohn?s disease presenting as a perianal ulcer in a 12 year-old girl, diagnosed initially as sexual abuse with serious medico-legal, psychological and socio-familiar implications. Comments: Crohn?s disease is rare during childhood, and a minority presents as perianal ulcers. Considering sexual abuse against adolescents is much commoner it turns essential to consider the differential diagnosis correctly, because of the risks involved, mainly represented by psychological and familiar disruption, medico-legal implications and treatment delay.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Doença de Crohn/diagnóstico , Doença de Crohn/terapia , Abuso Sexual na InfânciaRESUMO
This study investigated the possible antidepressant and antinociceptive action of CPMPH Mannich base, as well as the involvement of serotonergic, dopaminergic, noradrenergic and opioid systems and the L-arginine-nitric oxide pathway in the antidepressant-like effect of CPMPH in the forced swimming test (FST) in mice. The immobility time in the FST was significantly reduced by CPMPH (0.1-10 mg/kg, i.p.), without accompanying changes in the ambulation in an open-field. CPMPH at high doses (i.p. or s.c. routes) produced a significant inhibition of acetic acid-induced writhing. The antidepressant-like effect of CPMPH (1 mg/kg, i.p.) in the FST was prevented by pre-treatment of mice with methysergide (2 mg/kg, i.p., a non-selective serotonin receptor antagonist), sulpiride (32 mg/kg, i.p., a D2 receptor antagonist) or yohimbine (1 mg/kg, i.p., an alpha2-adrenoceptor antagonist). In contrast, the antidepressant-like effect of CPMPH was not affected by pre-treatment (i.p.) with naloxone (1 mg/kg, a non-selective opioid receptor antagonist) or L-arginine (750 mg/kg, a nitric oxide precursor). The results demonstrate that CPMPH had an antidepressant-like action that appears to be mediated through its interaction with serotonergic, dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems.
Assuntos
Analgésicos/farmacologia , Antidepressivos/farmacologia , Hidrazinas/farmacologia , Pirimidinas/farmacologia , Abdome , Ácido Acético/administração & dosagem , Animais , Comportamento Animal/efeitos dos fármacos , Feminino , Masculino , Camundongos , NataçãoRESUMO
The objective of this article is to study the clinical presentation and diagnostic indexes for pediatric trichobezoars based on clinical cases and literature review. The abdominal tetrad of subacute pain, epigastric mass, ponderal loss and trichophagia strongly suggests the diagnosis of trichobezoar in pediatric patients. Behaviour problems are the rule, but there isn't always a previous psychiatric diagnosis. Treatment is surgical and psychiatric long-term follow-up is necessary.
RESUMO
Se revisaron 500 expedientes de pacientes obstetricas hasta de 17 anos, atendidas en el Hospital de Gineco-Obstetricia del Centro Medico Nacional. Se analizaron su edad, antecedentes generales y obstetricos complicaciones del embarazo, culminacion del mismo, causas de distocia, complicaciones puerperales, pesos de los recien nacidos, promedio de consultas prenatales y estado civil. La mayor parte de las pacientes (90 por ciento) se encontraban en los 16 y 17 anos de edad. El (82.8 por ciento) fueron primigestas. Hubo 222 con complicaciones en el embarazo, aunque la unica significativamente mayor que su incidencia habitual fue la toxemia con un 27.6 por ciento. El indice de abortos y cesareas no difiere de otras poblaciones obstetricas. No hubo productos de bajo peso para su edad gestacional. Se enfatiza en el mal control prenatal que tienen estas pacientes, asi como su estado civil que puede promover la poca asistencia a las consultas. Se concluye que implementando el control prenatal es posible disminuir e igualar el pronostico con el de pacientes adultos