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OBJECTIVE: To verify whether nursing and medical students take measures regarding their cardiovascular health and the associated risk factors. METHOD: Cross-sectional study, online data collection with 413 students in February and March 2021, using specific and validated instruments. Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and logistic regression were adopted for statistical analyses. RESULTS: 73.3% self-reported that they were healthy. We identified a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases in sedentary students (OR = 38.6, p < 0.001), with irregular adherence to physical activity (OR = 16.2, p < 0.001) and with a higher level of perceived stress (OR = 1.12, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION: Students who take action to promote cardiovascular health showed lower risk compared to those who did not. If students do not value their own health during the education process, this may interfere with their professional performance after graduation.
Assuntos
Estudantes de Medicina , Estudantes de Enfermagem , Humanos , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , AutorrelatoRESUMO
OBJECTIVES: to analyze the associations between bullying participation profiles (victims, bullies, and bully-victims) and the risk for eating disorders in adolescents. METHODS: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 491 students, aged 10 to 18 years. Data were collected through the application of the Peer Victimization and Aggression Scale and the Eating Attitudes Test, and were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman correlation. RESULTS: the risk for eating disorders was higher for the victim profile, both for boys and girls. For both sexes, physical victimization, verbal victimization, and relational victimization were significantly associated with variables related to the risk for eating disorders. For boys, there were also significant associations related to aggression. CONCLUSIONS: student victims, especially boys, are more vulnerable to the consequences of bullying in relation to the risk for eating disorders.
Assuntos
Bullying , Vítimas de Crime , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos , Masculino , Feminino , Humanos , Adolescente , Estudos Transversais , Agressão , Transtornos da Alimentação e da Ingestão de Alimentos/complicaçõesRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the associations between bullying participation profiles (victims, bullies, and bully-victims) and the risk for eating disorders in adolescents. Methods: a cross-sectional study was conducted with 491 students, aged 10 to 18 years. Data were collected through the application of the Peer Victimization and Aggression Scale and the Eating Attitudes Test, and were statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Spearman correlation. Results: the risk for eating disorders was higher for the victim profile, both for boys and girls. For both sexes, physical victimization, verbal victimization, and relational victimization were significantly associated with variables related to the risk for eating disorders. For boys, there were also significant associations related to aggression. Conclusions: student victims, especially boys, are more vulnerable to the consequences of bullying in relation to the risk for eating disorders.
RESUMEN Objetivos: analizar las asociaciones entre los perfiles de participación en el acoso escolar (víctimas, agresores y víctimas-agresores) y el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios en adolescentes. Métodos: estudio transversal con 491 estudiantes de 10 a 18 años. Los datos se recopilaron mediante la aplicación de la Escala de Victimización y Agresión entre Pares y el Test de Actitudes Alimentarias, y se analizaron estadísticamente mediante análisis de varianza (ANOVA) y correlación de Spearman. Resultados: el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios fue mayor en el perfil de víctima, tanto en niños como en niñas. Tanto para ambos sexos, la victimización física, la victimización verbal y la victimización relacional se asociaron significativamente con variables relacionadas con el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios. En el caso de los niños, también se observaron asociaciones significativas relacionadas con la agresión. Conclusiones: los estudiantes que son víctimas, especialmente los niños, son más vulnerables a las consecuencias del acoso escolar en relación con el riesgo de trastornos alimentarios.
RESUMO Objetivos: analisar as associações entre o perfil de participação no bullying (vítimas, agressores e vítimas-agressoras) e o risco de transtornos alimentares em adolescentes. Métodos: estudo transversal realizado com 491 estudantes, com idades entre 10 e 18 anos. Os dados foram coletados por meio da aplicação da Escala de Vitimização e Agressão entre Pares e do Eating Attitudes Test, e foram analisados estatisticamente por meio de análises de variância (ANOVA) e correlação de Spearman. Resultados: o risco de transtornos alimentares foi maior para o perfil de vítima, tanto para meninos quanto para meninas. Para ambos os sexos, a vitimização física, a vitimização verbal e a vitimização relacional associaram-se significativamente às variáveis de risco de transtornos alimentares. Para os meninos, também houve associações significativas relacionadas à agressão. Conclusões: os estudantes vítimas, especialmente os meninos, são mais vulneráveis às consequências do bullying em relação ao risco de transtornos alimentares.
RESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: To verify whether nursing and medical students take measures regarding their cardiovascular health and the associated risk factors. Method: Cross-sectional study, online data collection with 413 students in February and March 2021, using specific and validated instruments. Kruskal-Wallis, chi-square and logistic regression were adopted for statistical analyses. Results: 73.3% self-reported that they were healthy. We identified a higher risk for developing cardiovascular diseases in sedentary students (OR = 38.6, p < 0.001), with irregular adherence to physical activity (OR = 16.2, p < 0.001) and with a higher level of perceived stress (OR = 1.12, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Students who take action to promote cardiovascular health showed lower risk compared to those who did not. If students do not value their own health during the education process, this may interfere with their professional performance after graduation.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Verificar si estudiantes de enfermería y medicina toman medidas de salud cardiovasculares y los factores de riesgo asociados. Método: Estudio transversal, recolección de datos online con 413 estudiantes durante febrero y marzo de 2021, utilizando instrumentos específicos y validados. Para análisis estadísticos se adoptaron Kruskal-Wallis, chi-cuadrado y regresión logística. Resultados: El 73,3% autodeclaró estar sano. Se identificó mayor riesgo de desarrollar enfermedades cardiovasculares en estudiantes sedentarios (OR = 38,6, p < 0,001), con adherencia irregular a la actividad física (OR = 16,2, p < 0,001) y con mayor nivel de estrés percibido (OR = 1,12, p < 0,001). Conclusión: Los estudiantes que desarrollaban alguna acción para promover la salud cardiovascular presentaron menor riesgo en comparación con los que no lo hacían. En esta situación, el hecho de no valorar su propia salud durante el proceso de formación puede interferir en el desempeño profesional del estudiante después de su formación.
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar a realização de medidas para a saúde cardiovascular entre estudantes de enfermagem e medicina e fatores de risco associados. Método: Estudo transversal, coleta de dados com 413 estudantes de forma online durante os meses de fevereiro e março de 2021, utilizando instrumentos específicos e validados. Kruskal-Wallis, qui-quadrado e regressão logística foram adotados como análise estatística. Resultados: 73,3% se autodeclaram saudáveis. Identificou-se maior risco para o desenvolvimento de doenças cardiovasculares em estudantes sedentários (OR = 38,6, p < 0,001), com adesão irregular à atividade física (OR = 16,2, p < 0,001) e com maior nível de estresse percebido (OR = 1,12, p < 0,001). Conclusão: Os estudantes que desenvolviam alguma ação para promoção da saúde cardiovascular apresentaram menor risco em comparação àqueles que não desenvolviam nenhuma ação, nessa situação, o estudante que não valoriza a própria saúde,pode interferir na atuação profissional após a formação.
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OBJECTIVE: Adolescent's ideal cardiovascular health index (ICVH) seems to be an important indicator of youth's lifestyles and cardiometabolic health with potential positive consequences for their Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between the ICVH index and HRQoL in adolescents. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study based on secondary analyses from the LabMed Physical Activity Study (n=407 adolescents, 53% girls). ICVH, as defined by the American Heart Association, was determined as meeting ideal behaviors (physical activity, body mass index, smoking status, and diet intake) and health factors (blood pressure, total glucose, and cholesterol). HRQoL was measured with the Kidscreen-10 self-report questionnaire. RESULTS: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed a significant association between the accumulation of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and HRQoL (F(4,403)=4.160; p=0.003). In addition, the higher the number of ideal health behaviors accumulated, the higher the mean values of HRQoL (p-value for trend=0.001), after adjustments for age, sex, socioeconomic status and pubertal stage. CONCLUSIONS: ICVH index was positively associated with HRQoL in adolescents. Ideal health behaviors metrics seem to have a stronger association with HRQoL than the ideal health factors metrics in adolescents.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde/fisiologia , Nível de Saúde , Qualidade de Vida , Adolescente , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Alimentar , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Fumar , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: Adolescent's ideal cardiovascular health index (ICVH) seems to be an important indicator of youth's lifestyles and cardiometabolic health with potential positive consequences for their Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). The purpose of this study was to examine the associations between the ICVH index and HRQoL in adolescents. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study based on secondary analyses from the LabMed Physical Activity Study (n=407 adolescents, 53% girls). ICVH, as defined by the American Heart Association, was determined as meeting ideal behaviors (physical activity, body mass index, smoking status, and diet intake) and health factors (blood pressure, total glucose, and cholesterol). HRQoL was measured with the Kidscreen-10 self-report questionnaire. Results: Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) showed a significant association between the accumulation of ideal cardiovascular health metrics and HRQoL (F(4,403)=4.160; p=0.003). In addition, the higher the number of ideal health behaviors accumulated, the higher the mean values of HRQoL (p-value for trend=0.001), after adjustments for age, sex, socioeconomic status and pubertal stage. Conclusions: ICVH index was positively associated with HRQoL in adolescents. Ideal health behaviors metrics seem to have a stronger association with HRQoL than the ideal health factors metrics in adolescents.
RESUMO Objetivo: O Índice de Saúde Cardiovascular Ideal (ISCI) do adolescente parece ser um importante indicador do estilo de vida e da saúde cardiometabólica dos jovens, com possíveis consequências positivas para a Qualidade de Vida Relacionada à Saúde (QVRS). O objetivo deste estudo foi examinar as associações do ISCI e da QVRS em adolescentes. Métodos: Este foi um estudo transversal baseado em análises secundárias do estudo LabMed Physical Activity (n=407 adolescentes, 53% meninas). O ISCI, conforme definido pela American Heart Association, foi determinado como atendendo a comportamentos ideais (atividade física, índice de massa corporal, tabagismo e padrão alimentar) e fatores de saúde (pressão arterial, glicose total e colesterol). A QVRS foi mensurada com o questionário de autorrelato Kidscreen-10. Resultados: A análise de covariância mostrou associação entre o acúmulo de métricas ideais de saúde cardiovascular e a QVRS (F(4,403)=4,160; p=0,003). Quanto maior o número de comportamentos ideais de saúde acumulados, maiores os valores médios da QVRS (p-valor de tendência=0,001), após ajustes para idade, sexo, status socioeconômico e estágio pubertal. Conclusões: O índice de saúde cardiovascular ideal associou-se positivamente à QVRS em adolescentes. As métricas ideais de comportamentos de saúde parecem ter uma associação mais forte com a QVRS do que as métricas ideais de fatores de saúde em adolescentes.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Qualidade de Vida , Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde/fisiologia , Nível de Saúde , Exercício Físico , Fumar , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos e Questionários , Comportamento AlimentarRESUMO
The species Helicops modestus Günther, 1861 occurs in Southern, Southeastern and Midwestern Brazil, with one record for the Northeastern region. They have morphological adaptations to the aquatic environment of different habitats. H. modestus feeds mainly on fishes and occasionally on amphibians. Although some authors have argued that its bite causes only mild and transient local effects, as far as we know, there are no studies with a significant number of well-documented cases containing sufficient details to fully evaluate the medical risk potential of this species. We aim to describe the epidemiological and clinical aspects of the H. modestus accidents. We retrospectively analyzed 442 proven cases of H. modestus bites admitted to Hospital Vital Brazil HVB, Butantan Institute, São Paulo, Brazil, between 1945 and 2019. Only cases in which the causative animal was brought and identified were included. Of the 442 cases, only 82 had the gender of the snake recorded, and 66 80.5% were female. The length of snakes snout-vent length was measured in 116 cases and ranged from 16 to 132 cm, with a mean of 47.9 ± 19.1 cm. Of the 257 snakes, 217 84.4% were adults and 40 15.6% immature. Most bites occurred in summer n=246, 56.7% and spring n=106, 24.0%, near or in streams, rivers, ponds or pools n=147, 33.3%, in the afternoon n=184, 41.7% and evening n=170, 38.5%, and in the limbs feet 38.2%, hands 31.3%. The age of the victims ranged from 1 to 75 years old, with a median of 21 years interquartile interval = 10–32 years, and 276 62.4% patients were men. Around 89% of the patients sought medical care within 6 h after the bite. The local clinical manifestations were pain n=225, 50.9%, bleeding n=169, 38.2%, erythema n=68, 15.4%, edema n=53, 12.0%, intense pain n=12, 2.7% and paresthesias n=8, 1.8%. Only 27 6.1% patients reported systemic symptoms characterized mainly by dizziness 4.3% or tremors 1.1% and 122 patients 27.6% showed no evidence of envenoming. The whole blood clotting test was performed in 92 patients on admission and all of them had coagulable blood. Supportive treatment was offered to 51.8% of the patients, mainly antiseptic n=179, 40.5%, antihistamine n=73, 16.5%, and analgesic n=18, 4.1%. Fourteen patients 3.2% were treated with antivenom before their admission to HVB. No sequels or relevant complications were observed in patients, and the prognostic was benign. Therefore, although H. modestus accidents can cause mild local symptomatology, health professionals must know how to make the correct diagnosis to avoid unnecessary use of antivenom.
A espécie Helicops modestus (Günther, 1861) ocorre no sul, sudeste e centro-oeste do Brasil, com alguns registros na região nordeste. Ela possui adaptações morfológicas ao ambiente aquático de diferentes habitats. H. modestus se alimenta principalmente de peixes e, ocasionalmente, de anfíbios. Embora alguns autores tenham argumentado que sua mordedura apenas causa efeitos locais leves e transitórios, até onde sabemos, não existem estudos com um número significativo de casos bem documentados contendo detalhes suficientes para avaliar completamente o risco médico dessa espécie. Nosso objetivo foi descrever os aspectos epidemiológicos e clínicos dos acidentes com H. modestus. Analisamos retrospectivamente 442 casos comprovados de picadas de H. modestus atendidos no Hospital Vital Brazil (HVB), Instituto Butantan, São Paulo, Brasil, entre 1945 e 2019. Foram incluídos apenas os casos em que o animal causador foi trazido e identificado. Dos 442 casos, apenas 82 tiveram o gênero da serpente registrado, sendo 66 (80,5%) fêmeas. O comprimento das serpentes estava disponível em 116 casos e variou de 16 a 132 cm, com média de 47,9 ± 19,1 cm. Das 257 serpentes, 217 (84,4%) eram adultas e 40 (15,6%) jovens ou filhotes. A maioria das mordidas ocorreu no verão (n = 246, 56,7%) e na primavera (n = 106, 24,0%), próximo ou em córregos, rios, lagoas ou piscinas (n = 147, 33,3%), nos períodos da tarde (n = 184, 41,7%) e da noite (n = 170, 38,5%), e acometendo as extremidades (pés 38,2%, mãos 31,3%). A idade das vítimas variou de 1 a 75 anos, com mediana de 21 anos (intervalo interquartil = 10 a 32 anos) e 276 (62,4%) pacientes eram homens. Cerca de 90% dos pacientes procuraram atendimento médico dentro de 6 horas após a picada. As manifestações clínicas locais foram dor (n = 225, 50,9%), sangramento (n = 169, 38,2%), eritema (n = 68, 15,4%), edema (n = 53, 12,0%), dor intensa (n = 12, 2,7%) e parestesias (n = 8, 1,8%). Apenas 27 (6,1%) pacientes relataram sintomas sistêmicos, caracterizados principalmente por tonturas (4,3%) ou tremores (1,1%), e 122 pacientes (27,6%) não mostraram nenhuma evidência de envenenamento. O tempo de coagulação foi realizado em 92 pacientes e todos foram normais. Tratamento de suporte foi realizado em 51,8% dos pacientes, principalmente através do uso de antissépticos (n = 179, 40,5%), anti-histamínicos (n = 73, 16,5%) e analgésicos (n = 18, 4,1%). Quatorze pacientes (3,2%) foram inadequadamente tratados com antiveneno, antes de sua admissão no HVB. Não foram observadas sequelas ou complicações nos pacientes, e o prognóstico foi benigno. Embora os acidentes com H. modestus possam causar sintomatologia local leve, os profissionais de saúde devem estar atentos ao diagnóstico correto, para evitar o uso desnecessário de antiveneno.
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To examine the combined association of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), muscular fitness (MF), and adherence to a Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) on cardiovascular risk in adolescents, a pooled study, including cross-sectional data from two projects [2477 adolescents (1320 girls) aged 12â»18 years], was completed. A shuttle run test was used to assess CRF. MF was assessed by the standing-long jump and handgrip tests. Adherence to a MeDiet was assessed by the Kidmed questionnaire. A cardiovascular risk score was computed from the following components: Age and sex, waist circumference, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and glucose. Analysis of covariance showed that participants classified as having optimal (High) adherence to a MeDiet/HighMF/HighCRF, as well those classified as low adherence to a MeDiet/HighMF/HighCRF, had, on average, the lowest cardiovascular risk score (F = 15.6; p < 0.001). In addition, the high adherence to a MeDiet/LowMF/LowCRF group had the highest odds of having a high cardiovascular risk (OR = 7.1; 95% CI: 3.4â»15.1; p < 0.001), followed by the low adherence to a MeDiet/LowMF/LowCRF group (OR = 3.7; 95% CI: 2.2â»6.3; p < 0.001), high adherence to a MeDiet/HighMF/LowCRF group (OR = 3.1; 95% CI: 1.4â»7.0; p = 0.006), and low adherence to a MeDiet/LowMF/HighCRF group (OR = 2.5; 95% CI: 1.5â»4.4; p = 0.002) when compared to those with high adherence to a MeDiet/HighMF/HighCRF, after adjustments for potential confounders. In conclusion, our findings showed that, regardless of the MeDiet status, adolescents with low MF and low CRF cumulatively, presented the highest cardiovascular disease risk. Therefore, these findings suggest that the combination of these two fitness components may be beneficial to adolescents’ cardiometabolic profile, independent of MeDiet behaviour.
Assuntos
Doenças Cardiovasculares/prevenção & controle , Dieta Saudável , Dieta Mediterrânea , Exercício Físico , Comportamento Sedentário , Adolescente , Comportamento do Adolescente , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição do Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Aptidão Cardiorrespiratória , Doenças Cardiovasculares/diagnóstico , Doenças Cardiovasculares/epidemiologia , Doenças Cardiovasculares/fisiopatologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Criança , Comportamento Infantil , Fenômenos Fisiológicos da Nutrição Infantil , Estudos Transversais , Inquéritos sobre Dietas , Tolerância ao Exercício , Feminino , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Conhecimentos, Atitudes e Prática em Saúde , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Força Muscular , Estado Nutricional , Valor Nutritivo , Razão de Chances , Fatores de Proteção , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: to verify if the improvement of social and emotional skills reduces bullying victimization in 6th grade students 12 months after the end of the intervention. METHOD: Quasi-experimental study with 78 students who were bullying victims. A cognitive behavioral intervention based on social skills was conducted with the intervention group. The eight sessions addressed politeness, making friendships, self-control, emotional expressiveness, empathy, assertiveness and solution of interpersonal problems. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with random effect. RESULTS: Quasi-experimental study with 78 students who were bullying victims. A cognitive behavioral intervention based on social skills was conducted with the intervention group. The eight sessions addressed politeness, making friendships, self-control, emotional expressiveness, empathy, assertiveness and solution of interpersonal problems. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with random effect. CONCLUSION: Social skills are important in anti-bullying interventions and can be the basis for intersectoral interventions in the health area, aimed at favoring the empowerment of victims by improving their social interactions and quality of life in school.
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Bullying/prevenção & controle , Desenvolvimento Infantil , Vítimas de Crime/educação , Educação em Saúde/métodos , Habilidades Sociais , Adolescente , Criança , Vítimas de Crime/psicologia , Feminino , Educação em Saúde/normas , Humanos , Masculino , Mudança Social , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
ABSTRACT Objective: to verify if the improvement of social and emotional skills reduces bullying victimization in 6th grade students 12 months after the end of the intervention. Method: Quasi-experimental study with 78 students who were bullying victims. A cognitive behavioral intervention based on social skills was conducted with the intervention group. The eight sessions addressed politeness, making friendships, self-control, emotional expressiveness, empathy, assertiveness and solution of interpersonal problems. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with random effect. Results: Quasi-experimental study with 78 students who were bullying victims. A cognitive behavioral intervention based on social skills was conducted with the intervention group. The eight sessions addressed politeness, making friendships, self-control, emotional expressiveness, empathy, assertiveness and solution of interpersonal problems. Data were analyzed using Poisson regression with random effect. Conclusion: Social skills are important in anti-bullying interventions and can be the basis for intersectoral interventions in the health area, aimed at favoring the empowerment of victims by improving their social interactions and quality of life in school.
RESUMEN Objetivo: Comprobar si la mejoría de las habilidades sociales reduce la victimización por acoso escolar (bullying) en estudiantes del 6º año de primaria, después de 12 meses de concluida la intervención. Método: Estudio de intervención cuasi-experimental entre 78 estudiantes víctimas de acoso escolar (bullying). Se llevó a cabo una intervención cognitivo-comportamental basada en habilidades sociales con ocho sesiones enfocadas en habilidades de civilidad, hacer amigos, autocontrol y expresividad emocional, empatía, asertividad y solución de problemas interpersonales. Los datos se analizaron a través de la Regresión de Poisson con efecto aleatorio. Resultado: El grupo intervención mejoró con respecto a las habilidades sociales; la victimización se redujo significativamente en ambos grupos (intervención y comparación), aunque en mayor cantidad en el grupo intervención. Conclusión: las habilidades sociales son importantes en mediaciones contra el acoso escolar y pueden fundamentar intervenciones intersectoriales en el área de la salud, con el fin de favorecer el empoderamiento de las víctimas mediante la mejoría de sus interacciones sociales y de la calidad de vida en la escuela.
RESUMO Objetivo: Verificar se a melhoria de habilidades sociais reduz a vitimização por bullying em estudantes do 6º ano escolar após 12 meses da finalização da intervenção. Método: Estudo de intervenção quase-experimental com 78 estudantes vítimas de bullying. Realizou-se uma intervenção cognitivo comportamental baseada em habilidades sociais com o grupo intervenção. As oito sessões realizadas enfocaram habilidades de civilidade, fazer amizades, autocontrole e expressividade emocional, empatia, assertividade e solução de problemas interpessoais. Os dados foram analisados mediante regressão de Poisson com efeito aleatório. Resultado: O grupo da intervenção melhorou significativamente as habilidades sociais. A vitimização reduziu-se significativamente em ambos os grupos (intervenção e comparação), porém, em maior quantidade no grupo intervenção. Conclusão: As habilidades sociais são importantes em intervenções antibullying e podem fundamentar intervenções intersetoriais na área da saúde, visando favorecer o empoderamento das vítimas mediante a melhoria de suas interações sociais e qualidade de vida na escola.