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Introducción. La mayoría de infecciones por SARS-CoV2 en población pediátrica cursan asintomáticas o con síntomas leves, con porcentaje mínimo de casos graves descritos como síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico asociado al SARS-CoV2 (SIM-PEDs). El objetivo fue describir las características clínico-epidemiológicas de aquellos pacientes pediátricos ingresados con diagnóstico confirmado de SARS-CoV2, y las posibles diferencias de la enfermedad considerando dos períodos epidemiológicos. Material y métodos. Estudio retrospectivo observacional de pacientes pediátricos ingresados con diagnóstico de COVID-19, de un hospital terciario. Se recogieron de forma consecutiva, entre marzo de 2020 hasta febrero 2022, analizando datos demográficos, clínicos, pruebas complementarias, tratamiento administrado y evolución. Resultados. Se incluyeron 69 pacientes, clasificándose en 6 grupos según diagnóstico. Los pacientes con neumonía asociaban mayor hipoxemia, mayor edad y eran predominantemente varones (p<0.01), con respecto al grupo de infecciones respiratorias sin condensación. SIM-PEDs fueron pacientes más graves, con afectación analítica marcada y mayor ingreso en UCIP. Durante el 2º periodo se observa una tendencia a la disminución de la infección respiratoria (69% al 47%), menor estancia hospitalaria (de 4 a 3 días), y aumento de los ingresos por otra patología (7,7% al 30,6%). Conclusiones. Los cuadros clínicos de COVID-19 más frecuentes en niños son respiratorios leves-moderados con buena evolución. Hay una tendencia a menor duración de estancia hospitalaria y aumento de ingresos por otra patología en pacientes asintomáticos en el segundo periodo. SIM-PEDs es otra forma de expresión de infección por SARS-COV2 de mayor gravedad, pero habitualmente con buen pronóstico tras diagnóstico precoz y requiriendo frecuentemente ingreso en UCIP. (provisto por Infomedic International)
Introduction. Most SARS-CoV2 infections in pediatric population are asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, with a small percentage of severe cases described as SARS-CoV2-associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-C). The objective was to describe the clinical-epidemiological characteristics of those pediatric patients admitted with a SARS-CoV2 confirmed diagnosis, and the possible differences in the disease considering two epidemiological periods. Methods. Observational retrospective study of pediatric patients admitted with a diagnosis of COVID-19, from a tertiary hospital. They were collected consecutively, between March 2020 and February 2022, analyzing demographic and clinical data, complementary tests, administered treatment and evolution. Results. 69 patients were included, classified into 6 groups according to diagnosis. Patients with pneumonia associated greater hypoxemia, older age and were predominantly male (p<0.01), with respect to the group of respiratory infections without condensation. MIS-C were more severe patients, with marked analytic involvement and greater admission to the PICU. During the 2nd period, there was a trend towards a decrease in respiratory infection (69% to 47%), a shorter hospital stays (4 to 3 days), and an increase in admissions for another pathology (7.7% to 30,6%). Discussion. The most frequent clinical manifestations of COVID-19 in children are mild-moderate respiratory symptoms with a good prognosis. There is a trend towards a shorter length of hospital stay and an increase in admissions for another pathology in asymptomatic patients in the second period. MIS-C is another form of expression of SARS-COV2 infection of greater severity, but usually with a good prognosis after early diagnosis and frequently requiring PICU admission. (provided by Infomedic International)
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A 16-year-old boy with elevated hyperopia presented to the office with a 24-h history of bilateral blurred vision, mainly of the left eye, and bilateral central serous chorioretinopathy. He showed a clinically recognizable bacillary layer detachment in one eye and excellent multimodal diagnostic image correlation, with the best-corrected visual acuity as 20/400. He had bilateral serous retinal detachment, as confirmed by optical coherence tomography. Laser photocoagulation was performed with good results, and reestablishment of the foveal anatomical structure was documented 16 days after treatment.
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Introducción: Los métodos anticonceptivos son importantes herramientas para lograr una planificación familiar deseada. Objetivo: Determinar los factores asociados al uso de métodos anticonceptivos en mujeres en edad fértil de 15 a 49 años según ENDES 2018. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, observacional, analítico y retrospectivo. Se analizó la muestra de la Encuesta Nacional Demográfica de Salud Familiar (ENDES), del año 2018 a mujeres peruanas entre 15 a 49 años que respondieron el módulo de métodos anticonceptivos. Resultados: Mayor prevalencia de usuarias de métodos anticonceptivos en el área urbana (RP=1,046, IC:1,037 1,054), según estado conyugal se evidencia un mayor uso en casadas o convivientes (RP=1,080 IC:1,071 1,090), en el nivel educativo se obtiene que mujeres con estudios superiores tiene mayor prevalencia de uso de anticonceptivos (RP= 1,021, IC:1,016 1,026) y, finalmente, la edad en la 1ª relación sexual menor a los 17 años tiene mayor prevalencia (RP = 1,017 IC:1,016 1,026). Conclusión: Existe asociación positiva entre residir en área urbana, edad de primera relación sexual menor a 17 años, ser casada o conviviente y tener grado de instrucción superior y el uso de métodos anticonceptivos.
Background: Contraceptive methods are an important tool to achieve the desired family planning.To determine the factors associated Objective:within the use of contraceptive methods in women of childbearing age between 15 to 49 years old according to the ENDES 2018. Material and methods: Descriptive, observational, analytical and retrospective study. The sample, of the National Demographic Survey of Family Health (ENDES) 2018, to Peruvian women between 15 to 49 years old who responded to the contraceptive methods module was analyzed. Results: There is a higher prevalence of women using contraceptive methods in the urban area (PR = 1,046, CI: 1,037 - 1,054), according the marital status there is a high use in married women of contraceptive use (PR = 1,080 CI: 1,071 - 1,090), in the educational level it's obtained that women with higher education have a higher prevalence of contraceptive use (PR = 1,021, CI: 1,016 - 1,026) and, finally, that the age in the first sex relationship before 17 years has a higher prevalence (PR = 1,017 CI: 1,016 - 1,026). Conclusion: There is a positive association between living in an urban area, age of first sexual intercourse less than 17 years, being married and having high educational level in the use of contraceptive methods.
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This case report describes a novel surgical technique for the treatment of macular hole and focal macular detachment associated with high myopia and posterior staphyloma. A 65-year-old female presented with a stage 3C myopic traction maculopathy and VA of 20/600. OCT examination confirmed a macular hole of 958 µm diameter, posterior staphyloma, and macular detachment. We performed combined phacoemulsification surgery with 23G pars plana vitrectomy; the anterior capsule was preserved and divided into two equal circular laminar flaps. We proceeded with central and peripheral vitrectomy, brilliant blue staining, and partial ILM peeling; capsular sheets were introduced sequentially in the vitreous chamber, the first one was implanted below the hole and attached to pigment epithelium, the second lamina was inserted into the hole, and the remaining portion of ILM was implanted crosswise below the edges of the hole. Macular-hole closure and progressive reapplication of the macular detachment were obtained, with a final VA of 20/80. Treatment of macular holes and focal macular detachment in high myopic eyes is complex, even for experienced surgeons. We propose a new technique with additional mechanisms based on anterior lens capsule and internal limiting membrane tissue properties that showed functional and anatomical improvement and could be considered an alternative treatment.
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The Annonaceae fruits weevil (Optatus palmaris) causes high losses to the soursop production in Mexico. Damage occurs when larvae and adults feed on the fruits; however, there is limited research about control strategies against this pest. However, pheromones provide a high potential management scheme for this curculio. Thus, this research characterized the behavior and volatile production of O. palmaris in response to their feeding habits. Olfactometry assays established preference by weevils to volatiles produced by feeding males and soursop. The behavior observed suggests the presence of an aggregation pheromone and a kairomone. Subsequently, insect volatiles sampled by solid-phase microextraction and dynamic headspace detected a unique compound on feeding males increased especially when feeding. Feeding-starvation experiments showed an averaged fifteen-fold increase in the concentration of a monoterpenoid on males feeding on soursop, and a decrease of the release of this compound males stop feeding. GC-MS analysis of volatiles identified this compound as α-terpineol. Further olfactometry assays using α-terpineol and soursop, demonstrated that this combination is double attractive to Annonaceae weevils than only soursop volatiles. The results showed a complementation effect between α-terpineol and soursop volatiles. Thus, α-terpineol is the aggregation pheromone of O. palmaris, and its concentration is enhanced by host-plant volatiles.
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Besouros/metabolismo , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos/análise , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos/metabolismo , Feromônios/análise , Feromônios/metabolismo , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/análise , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/metabolismo , Animais , Annona/metabolismo , Annonaceae/metabolismo , Monoterpenos Cicloexânicos/química , Comportamento Alimentar , Cromatografia Gasosa-Espectrometria de Massas , Comportamento de Busca por Hospedeiro , Larva/metabolismo , Masculino , México , Monoterpenos/metabolismo , Olfatometria , Feromônios/química , Transdução de Sinais , Microextração em Fase Sólida , Inanição/metabolismo , Compostos Orgânicos Voláteis/químicaRESUMO
Introducción: En tiempos de pandemia por COVID-19 toda sintomatología respiratoria o síndrome febril lleva a descartar dicha infección, pero hay que tener en cuenta, sobre todo en pacientes onco-hematológicos, como diagnóstico diferencial la neumonía atípica por Pneumocystis Jirovecii (PCP). Objetivo: Describir el caso de neumonía atípica vs COVID-19 en un paciente con linfoma de Hodgkin. Caso clínico: Paciente mujer de 30 años con diagnóstico de linfoma de Hodgkin tipo clásico estadio clínico III (ECIII), que inicia tratamiento sistémico con quimioterapia esquema R-ABVD (plan de 6 cursos con partes A y B). Recibe 3 cursos R-ABVD con respuesta completa según tomografía. Al programar 4to curso parte B presenta persistencia febril hasta 39,8°C asociado a diaforesis nocturna, que se agudiza en la última semana, por lo que se decide hospitalizarla. Se realiza tomografía contrastada (TEM c/c) de tórax: opacidades en patrón de vidrio deslustrado intercalados con lesiones fibrosas en ambos pulmones, no adenopatías; deshidrogenasa láctica (DHL): 656 UI/L. Sin clínica respiratoria, ni examen físico respiratorio alterado. A descartar PCP vs neumonía COVID-19. Sin leucocitosis, reacción en cadena de polimerasa (PCR) COVID-19 negativa. Se define como neumonía no asociada a coronavirus, por lo que recibe 12 días de antibiótico con Sulfametoxazol + Trimetoprim. A la evolución clínica: mejoría de malestar general y afebril. Finaliza 6 cursos de R-ABVD, con respuesta completa en reevaluación tomográfica, asintomática y presentando prueba rápida para COVID-19 no reactiva. Conclusiones: En el contexto de pandemia por COVID-19 el diagnóstico diferencial debe ser oportuno(AU)
Introduction: In times of COVID-19 pandemic, all respiratory symptoms or febrile syndrome leads to ruling out said infection, but atypical Pneumocystis Jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) must be taken into account, especially in onco-hematological patients, as differential diagnosis. Objective: To describe the case of atypical pneumonia vs. COVID-19 in a patient with Hodgkin's lymphoma. Clinical case report: The case of a 30-year-old female patient with diagnosis of clinical stage III Hodgkin lymphoma (IBD) is reported. She began systemic treatment with R-ABVD chemotherapy scheme (6-course plan with parts A and B). She received 3 R-ABVD courses with complete response according to tomography. When scheduling 4th course, part B, she had feverish persistence up to 39.8 ° C associated with nocturnal diaphoresis, worsening in the last week, so hospitalization was decided. A contrast tomography (TEM c / c) of the thorax was performed: ground-glass opacities interspersed with fibrous lesions in both lungs, no adenopathy; lactic dehydrogenase (DHL): 656 IU / L. No respiratory symptoms, or altered respiratory physical examination, to rule out PCP vs. COVID-19 pneumonia. No leukocytosis, negative COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). It is defined as non-coronavirus associated pneumonia, so she received 2 days of Sulfamethoxazole + Trimethoprim antibiotics. On the clinical course, she exhibited improvement of general malaise and she was afebrile. She completed 6 courses of R-ABVD, with complete response in tomographic re-evaluation, she was asymptomatic and had non-reactive rapid test for COVID-19. Conclusions: In the context of COVID-19 pandemic, the differential diagnosis must be timely(AU)
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Humanos , Feminino , Pneumonia por Pneumocystis/etiologia , Doença de Hodgkin/diagnóstico , COVID-19 , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X/métodosRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: Evaluate the effects of i) dehulling of lupine seed on chemical composition and apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and ii) soybean meal substitution by dehulled lupine seed in broiler diets with enzymes on productive performance, size of digestive organs and welfare-related variables. METHODS: Experiment 1, chemical composition and AME were determined in whole and dehulled lupine seed. Experiment 2, two hundred eighty-eight one-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were used. The experimental diets were maize-soybean meal (MS), MS with enzymes (MSE) and maize-dehulled lupine seed with enzymes (MLE). Diets were assigned to the experimental units under a completely randomized design (eight replicates per diet). The body weight (BW) gain, feed intake, feed conversion, digestive organ weights, gait score, latency to lie down and valgus/varus angulation were evaluated. RESULTS: The dehulling process increased protein (25.0% to 31.1%), AME (5.9 to 8.8 MJ/kg) and amino acid contents. The BW gain of broilers fed the MLE diet was similar (p>0.05) to that of those fed the MS diet, but lower than that of those fed the MSE diet. Feed intake of broilers fed the MLE diet was higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS diet and similar (p>0.05) to those fed the MSE diet. Feed conversion of broilers fed the MLE diet was 8.0% and 8.7% higher (p<0.05) than that of those fed the MS and MSE diets, respectively. Broilers fed the MLE diet had the highest (p<0.05) relative proventriculus and gizzard weights, but had poor welfare-related variables. CONCLUSION: It is possible to substitute soybean meal by dehulled lupine seed with enzymes in broiler diets, obtaining similar BW gains in broilers fed the MLE and MS diets; however, a higher feed intake is required. Additionally, the MLE diet reduced welfare-related variables.
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Los deportes de contacto aumentan el riesgo de traumatismo causando alteraciones funcionales, estéticas y psicológicas. Los protectores bucales son parte del equipo de seguridad que protegen al deportista de estos accidentes, es importante que brinde confort para lograr el mejor rendimiento físico. Objetivo: Comparar el confort de los jugadores de fútbol americano con el uso de protectores prefabricados y protectores personalizados. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental, analítico y prospectivo donde se incluyeron 15 jugadores de futbol americano de la Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán, UNAM, que firmaron consentimiento informado. La autora principal de este proyecto fabricó los protectores bucales superiores con hoja de copolímero de etilvinilacetato (EVA) #35. El protector prefabricado fue de silicón. Los jugadores realizaron dos prácticas de entrenamientos donde hicieron 30 minutos de carrera, 15 de estiramiento, 60 de fuerza y destreza en donde requerían de estar en constante comunicación verbal y 30 de cardiovascular en gimnasio (usaron un protector en cada entrenamiento). Se aplicó un cuestionario previamente validado por consenso de expertos para evaluar el confort en la respiración, lenguaje, náuseas, adaptación, comodidad e hidratación bucal con cada tipo de protector. La información se analizó en el programa SPSS v19.0; se usaron proporciones para las variables cualitativas y medidas de tendencia central y dispersión para las cuantitativas. Para comparar el confort con el uso de ambos protectores se empleó la prueba χ2, con un nivel de significancia p < 0.05. Resultados: La media de edad fue de 20 ± 2 años. Con el protector personalizado 11 jugadores (0.73) refirieron que respiraron y hablaron mejor, sintieron menos náusea 12 (0.80), mejor adaptación 11 (0.73) y mayor comodidad 12 (0.80) que, con el uso de protector bucal prefabricado, encontrando diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p < 0.05) y ocho (0.53) refirió menos hidratación bucal (p > 0.05). Doce (0.80) de los jugadores mencionaron tener mayor confort con el protector personalizado. Conclusiones: Con la metodología empleada y en la muestra estudiada, el uso de un protector bucal personalizado fabricado con hoja de copolímero de etilvinilacetato (EVA) #35 ofrece una mejor adaptación y comodidad, después de dos prácticas de entrenamiento (AU)
The contact sports, increase the risk of trauma causing functional, aesthetic and psychological alterations, mouth guards are part of the safety equipment that protects the athlete from this kind of accidents, it is also important that the mouth guard had to provides comfort, for achieve a best physical performance. Objective: Make the comparison with the comfort of American football players with the use of prefabricated protectors and customized protectors. Method: A quasi-experimental, analytical and prospective study was carried out, including 15 American football players from the Facultad de Estudios Superiores Acatlán, UNAM, who signed an informed consent. The lead author of this project manufactured the upper mouth guards with ethylvinylacetate (EVA) #35 copolymer foil. The prefabricated protector was made of silicone. The players performed two practice sessions where they did 30 minutes of running, 15 of stretching, 60 of strength and skill where they required being in constant verbal communication and 30 of cardiovascular in a gymnasium (they used a protector in each training). A questionnaire previously validated by expert consensus was applied to evaluate comfort in breathing, language, nausea, adaptation, comfort and oral hydration with each type of protector. The information was analyzed in the program SPSS v19.0; proportions were used for the qualitative variables and measures of central tendency and dispersion for the quantitative ones. To compare the comfort with the use of both protectors the test χ2 was used, with a level of signifi cance p < 0.05. Results: The mean age was 20 ± 2 years. With the personalized protector, 11 players (0.73) reported that they breathed and spoke better, feeling less nausea 12 (0.80), better adaptation 11 (0.73) and greater comfort 12 (0.80) than with the use of prefabricated mouth guards, fi nding statistically signifi cant diff erences (p < 0.05) and 8 (0.53) reported less oral hydration (p > 0.05). 12 (0.80) of players mentioned having more comfort with the custom protector. Conclusions: The use of a personalized mouth guard off ers better fi t and comfort made with sheet copolymer of ethylvinylacetate, after two training practices (AU)
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Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Desempenho Atlético , Futebol Americano , Protetores Bucais , Silicones , Compostos de Vinila , México , Polietilenos , Estudos Prospectivos , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Interpretação Estatística de DadosRESUMO
Se presenta un caso de una paciente joven de 30 años quien consultó por trastornos menstruales y dolor abdominal de evolución de 1 año. Se le diagnóstico una tumoración de ovario poco frecuente como son los tumores de las células de la granulosa por medio de marcadores de inmunohistoquímica.
It is presented a case of a young woman who had menstrual problems and abdominal pain since one year ago. It was diagnosed an uncommon ovarian tumor such as tumor of granulosa cells using immunohistochemical markers.
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AIM: To assess if calibration of the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) using a high-pressure balloon inflated at the UPJ level in patients with suspected crossing vessels (CV) could differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic stenosis prior to laparoscopic vascular hitch (VH). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed patients with UPJO diagnosed at childhood or adolescence without previous evidence of antenatal or infant hydronephrosis (10 patients). By cystoscopy, a high-pressure balloon is sited at the UPJ and the balloon inflated to 8-12 atm under radiological screening. We considered intrinsic PUJO to be presente where a 'waist' was observed at the PUJ on inflation of the balloon and a laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty is performed When no 'waist' is observed we considered this to represent extrinsic stenosis and a laparoscopic VH was performed. Patients with absence of intrinsic PUJ stenosis documented with this method are included for the study. RESULTS: Six patients presented pure extrinsic stenosis. The mean age at presentation was 10.8 years. Mean duration of surgery was 99 min and mean hospital stay was 24 hours in all cases. We found no intraoperative or postoperative complications. All children remain symptoms free at a mean follow up of 14 months. Ultrasound and renogram improved in all cases. CONCLUSION: When no 'waist' is observed we considered this to represent extrinsic stenosis and a laparoscopic VH was performed. In these patients, laparoscopic transposition of lower pole crossing vessels ('vascular hitch') may be a safe and reliable surgical technique.
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Angioplastia com Balão/métodos , Pelve Renal/irrigação sanguínea , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Adolescente , Angioplastia com Balão/instrumentação , Calibragem , Criança , Constrição Patológica/cirurgia , Feminino , Humanos , Hidronefrose/cirurgia , Masculino , Pressão , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
ABSTRACT Aim To assess if calibration of the ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) using a high-pressure balloon inflated at the UPJ level in patients with suspected crossing vessels (CV) could differentiate between intrinsic and extrinsic stenosis prior to laparoscopic vascular hitch (VH). Materials and Methods We reviewed patients with UPJO diagnosed at childhood or adolescence without previous evidence of antenatal or infant hydronephrosis (10 patients). By cystoscopy, a high-pressure balloon is sited at the UPJ and the balloon inflated to 8-12 atm under radiological screening. We considered intrinsic PUJO to be present where a ‘waist’ was observed at the PUJ on inflation of the balloon and a laparoscopic dismembered pyeloplasty is performed When no ‘waist’ is observed we considered this to represent extrinsic stenosis and a laparoscopic VH was performed. Patients with absence of intrinsic PUJ stenosis documented with this method are included for the study. Results Six patients presented pure extrinsic stenosis. The mean age at presentation was 10.8 years. Mean duration of surgery was 99 min and mean hospital stay was 24 hours in all cases. We found no intraoperative or postoperative complications. All children remain symptoms free at a mean follow up of 14 months. Ultrasound and renogram improved in all cases. Conclusion When no ‘waist’ is observed we considered this to represent extrinsic stenosis and a laparoscopic VH was performed. In these patients, laparoscopic transposition of lower pole crossing vessels (‘vascular hitch’) may be a safe and reliable surgical technique.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Criança , Adolescente , Obstrução Ureteral/cirurgia , Laparoscopia/métodos , Angioplastia com Balão/métodos , Pelve Renal/cirurgia , Pelve Renal/irrigação sanguínea , Pressão , Calibragem , Reprodutibilidade dos Testes , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Angioplastia com Balão/instrumentação , Constrição Patológica/cirurgia , Hidronefrose/cirurgiaRESUMO
Objetivo. Evaluar el desarrollo de la habilidad manual preclínica con visión indirecta en estudiantes que aún no ingresan a la práctica clínica durante el periodo de marzo-agosto de 2013. Materiales y métodos. Se evaluaron a 92 estudiantes del quinto semestre de la cátedra de cariología y operatoria dental de la Universidad Central del Ecuador, mediante la técnica del dibujo especular, consistente en reproducir una figura bidimensional, en un trazo, proyectada gracias a un espejo plano ubicado en la caja de reflexión; se tomó dos evaluaciones, al inicio y final del semestre, calificadas por cuatro docentes especializados, se empleó un rango del 0 - malo al 5 -óptimo. Se utilizó un análisis de correlación binaria con el método de Spearman, además de un ANOVA para determinar la influencia de los factores en la calificación promedio. Resultados. La lateralidad, el sexo y la práctica diaria de habilidades, fueron las variables que influyeron en el promedio de calificación, se observó mayor desarrollo en el sexo femenino, especialmente cuando existía ejecución de prácticas diarias de actividades que implicaban motricidad fina, con mayor tendencia a mejores resultados en diestros. Se observa que las horas de práctica preclínica no permitían del todo una mejora en la destreza fina, quedando en evidencia una falta de desarrollo motor fino en la etapa preescolar sumado a una insuficiencia en horas para desarrollar dicha destreza. Conclusiones. La habilidad manual está influenciada por la práctica, se observó mejores resultados en estudiantes de sexo femenino, con empleo de la mano derecha.
Objective. To evaluate the development of preclinical manual ability with indirect vision in students that do not entered yet into clinical practice during the period of March-August 2013. Materials and methods. 92 students of the fifth semester of the courseof caries and dental surgery of the Universidad Central del Ecuador were evaluated, through the technique of speculate drawing, consisting on the reproduction of a bidimensional figure, in a stroke, projected by a plane mirror located in the reflection box; twoevaluations were made, at the beginning and end of the semester, and were qualified by four specialized professors, a range of 0 û bad to 5 ûoptimal was used. Binary correlation analysis with Spearman method, plus an ANOVA, to determine the influence of the factors in the average rating was used. Results. Laterality, gender and daily practice of skills were the variables that influenced in theaverage rating, further development in females was observed especially when there existed the daily practice of activities involving fine motor, with a greater tendency to better results in righties. The hours of preclinical practice do not allowed at all, an improvement in fine ability, being in evidence a lack of fine motor development in pre-school stage coupled with a failure in hours to develop that skill. Conclusions. The manual ability is influenced by practice, showing better results in female students, employing the right hand.
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Humanos , Desempenho Psicomotor , Destreza Motora , Estudantes , Visão OcularRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar si la incidencia del embarazo ectópico se ha modificado en el Hospital Manuel Noriega Trigo de Maracaibo en los últimos 20 años y si la recolección de los datos clínicos ha mejorado. Métodos: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de pacientes que fueron intervenidas quirúrgicamente en el período comprendido entre agosto 2008 hasta diciembre de 2012. Resultados: Se encontraron 93 casos de embarazo ectópico. La tasa anual fue de 5,9 x 1 000 nacidos vivos. El embarazo ectópico representó el 0,59 % del total de partos, lo que significó uno por cada 170 partos o 5,87 embarazos ectópicos por cada 1 000 partos. La edad promedio de las pacientes fue de 28,1 ± 5,6 años de edad. El dolor abdominal fue el síntoma y el signo clínico más frecuente (95,7 % y 94,6 %). Solo 55 pacientes (59,2 %) refirieron amenorrea. La edad gestacional promedio del embarazo ectópico fue 7,17 ± 2,5 semanas. Once pacientes refirieron cirugías en el área pélvica: 7 casos (7,5 % de 93 casos) con salpingectomía parcial bilateral y 4 apendicectomías. La culdocentesis fue positiva en 31 de 46 casos (72,1 %). El ultrasonido se realizó en el 74,2 % de las pacientes. El diagnóstico al ingreso de embarazo ectópico fue realizado en el 92,5 % de las pacientes. Ochenta y siete (93,5 %) fueron de localización tubárica. El embarazo ectópico fue encontrado roto en 67 casos (81 %). Se realizaron 72 salpingectomías. No hubo muertes maternas. Conclusiones: La incidencia del embarazo ectópico se ha duplicado pero la recolección de los datos clínicos a pesar que ha mejorado sigue siendo deficiente.
Objective: To determine if the incidence of ectopic pregnancy has changed at Manuel Noriega-Trigo Hospital, Maracaibo, in the last 20 years; also if the recollection of data has improved. Methods: Medical charts from patients who had surgery due to ectopic pregnancy between August 2008 and December 2011 were reviewed. Results: Ninety three cases were reported. Annual rate of ectopic pregnancy was 5.9 x 1 000 live births. Ectopic pregnancy was 0.59 % of total deliveries, meant an ectopic pregnancy for every 170 deliveries or 5.87 ectopic pregnancies for 1 000 deliveries. Abdominal pain was the clinical symptom and sign more common (95.7 % and 94.6 %). Amenorrhea was present in 55 patients (59.2 %). The mean gestational age of ectopic pregnancy was 7.17 ± 2.5 weeks. Eleven patients mentioned that they had pelvic surgery: 7 bilateral salpingectomy (7.5 % de 93 cases) and 4 appendectomies. Culdocentesis was positive in 36 of 46 cases (72.1 %). Ultrasound was performed in 74.2 % of patient. Ectopic pregnancy diagnosis was done in 92.5 % cases. Tubal ectopic pregnancy was found in 87 (93.5 %) patients. Sixty seven of 83 ectopic pregnancy (81 %) were found ruptured. Seventy two salpingectomies were performed. There was no maternal death. Conclusion: The incidence of ectopic pregnancy has increased twofold. The recollection of data has improved but not enough.
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Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Gravidez Ectópica , Doença Inflamatória Pélvica , Gonadotropina Coriônica Humana Subunidade beta , Incidência , Patologia , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar el porcentaje de citologías cervico-vaginales no satisfactorias en el Hospital Manuel Noriega Trigo. Métodos: Se revisaron retrospectivamente las citologías cervico-vaginales estudiadas en el Servicio de Anatomía-Patológica del período comprendido entre noviembre 2008 a diciembre de 2009. Resultados: Se revisaron 1 566 citologías cervico-vaginales reportándose 126 como insatisfactorias (8.%). Las causas más frecuente de citologías cervico-vaginales no satisfactoria fue la falta de identificación del paciente (n=53, 36,8 %), la abundancia de leucocitos (n=31, 21,5 %) y la presencia de abundantes hematíes (n=26, 18,1 %). Diez y siete citologías cervico-vaginales (14,3 %) presentaron varias causas para ser catalogadas como insatisfactorias. Ochenta (63,5 %) de 126 citologías cervico-vaginales reportadas insatisfactorias fueron reportadas como negativas para malignidad. Cuarenta (31,7 %) de las (126 citologías cervico-vaginales) insatisfactorias fueron consideradas como imposibles de ser analizadas o estudiadas por el citotecnólogo o patólogo, representaron el 2,6 % del total de las estudiadas. En 33 citologías cervico-vaginales (2,1 %), no se encontraron células endocervicales. Los centros asistenciales que presentaron un mayor número de citologías cervico-vaginales no satisfactorias fueron el Hospital Manuel Noriega Trigo con 63 (50 %), Ambulatorio El Silencio con 31 (24,6 %) y el Ambulatorio El Caujaro con 17 (13,5 %), sin embargo, en proporción, fueron los Ambulatorios El Silencio (31 de 133 citologías cervico-vaginales, 23,3 %) y El Caujaro (17 de 115 citologías cervico-vaginales, 14,8 %) los que tuvieron mayor número de citologías cervico-vaginales insatisfactorias. Conclusiones: El porcentaje de citologías cervico-vaginales insatisfactorias fue aceptable cuando se analizaron las causas propias de la toma, procesamiento y lecturas de las citologías cervico-vaginales. Asimismo, el porcentaje de ausencia de células ...
Objective: To determinate the percentage of unsatisfactory Pap smears at Manuel Noriega Trigo Hospital. Methods: Pap smears studied by the Service of Pathology were reviewed retrospectively between November 2008 and December 2009. Results: One hundred twenty six (8 %) of 1 566 Pap smears were reported unsatisfactory. The most common cause of unsatisfactory vaginal cytology was the lack of patient´s identification (n=53, 36.8 %), obscuring smear inflammation (n=31, 21.5 %) and blood (n=26, 18.1 %). Seventeen Pap smear (14.3 %) had several causes to be considered non satisfactory. Eighty (63.5 %) of 126 Pap smear unsatisfactory were negatives to malignancy. Forty (31.7 %) of 126 Pap smear unsatisfactory could not be analyzed neither the cytotechnogist nor the pathologist; they represented 2.6 % of the 1566 Pap smear. Thirty three Pap smear (2.1 %) did not have endocervical cells. Hospital Manuel Noriega Trigo (n=63.50 %), El Silencio (n=31, 24.6 %) and El Caujaro (n=17, 13.5 %) have higher number of unsatisfactory vaginal cytologies, however, proportionally El Silencio (31 of 133 Pap smear, 23.3 %) and El Caujaro (17 of 115 Pap smear, 14.8 %) had higher unsatisfactory Pap smears. Conclusion: The percentage of unsatisfactory Pap smears was acceptable when we analyzed causes such as the technique of collection of the Pap smear, the staining technique, and the study of the slide. The number of endocervical cells was low even though the endocervical collection sample was taken with a cotton swab, maybe because Pap smear were taken by medical doctors.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Biologia Celular , Células , Eritrócitos , Leucócitos , Doenças Vaginais , Neoplasias do Colo do ÚteroRESUMO
Allelic frequencies and haplotypic composition of 305 male unrelated individuals from the Caribbean Colombian states of Atlántico, Bolívar, Cesar, Córdoba, Guajira, Magdalena and Sucre, were determined using 16 Y-chromosome STR loci. Two hundred and ninety three (293) haplotypes were identified, of which 283 were unique and the other 10 were found twice or thrice in the Caribbean population tested. Haplotypic diversity surpassed the values obtained in other populations, ranging from 99.66% in the population of Sucre to 99.99% in the population of Córdoba. We also calculated the overall haplotypic diversity (99.97%) and the discrimination power of these haplotypes (96.1%) in these groups. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) for 10 Colombian and Spanish populations (3139 haplotypes) reveals low differentiation between the Colombian populations of mainly European descent and large distance to Afroamerican populations living in Colombia.
Assuntos
Cromossomos Humanos Y , Genética Populacional , Repetições de Microssatélites/genética , Alelos , População Negra/genética , Colômbia , DNA/genética , DNA/isolamento & purificação , Impressões Digitais de DNA/métodos , Frequência do Gene , Geografia , Haplótipos , Humanos , Masculino , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Controle de Qualidade , População Branca/genéticaRESUMO
The cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a method diagnose noninvasive that does not use radiation obtaining itself a space resolution and temporary that allows to analyze the anatomy and cardiovascular function. The material of used paramagnetic resistance is the gadolinium which causes increase of signal in vascularized weaves and better characterization of the visualized weave, acute east allows to the analysis of the perfusion of the myocardium Subsequent to the coronary syndrome study allows to determine with exactitude the extension of the zone of necrosis, to stratify the risk and of identifying the viable weave as well as of determining the affected territory. This revision must like intention describe the provided interventions of infirmary to the patient with acute coronary syndrome that is put under this type of study since without a doubt our recent incorporation to the Department of Magnetic Resonance has been translated in an integral attention.
Assuntos
Humanos , Síndrome Coronariana Aguda , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Diagnóstico de EnfermagemRESUMO
El objetivo fue describir las necesidades dominantes de motivación en un grupo de odontólogos de la ciudad de México. La población seleccionada estuvo constituida por odontólogos de nueve Jurisdicciones Sanitarias de los Servicios de Salud Pública del Gobierno de la Ciudad de México, se les hizo saber los objetivos de la investigación, solicitándoles su consentimiento en forma escrita para participar en el estudio, con el llenado de: El inventario de motivación personal. Se procedió a realizar selección aleatoria del número de jurisdicciones necesarias para completar 148 odontólogos. En el 65 por ciento de la muestra de estudio se detectó la necesidad de logro, indispensable para el trabajo productivo y que se distinguen por personas que quieren hacer las cosas mejor
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Eficiência Organizacional , Motivação , Odontologia em Saúde Pública , Recursos Humanos em Odontologia/estatística & dados numéricos , Análise de Variância , Satisfação no Emprego , México/epidemiologia , Interpretação Estatística de DadosRESUMO
The cardiovascular magnetic resonance is a method diagnose noninvasive that does not use radiation obtaining itself a space resolution and temporary that allows to analyze the anatomy and cardiovascular function. The material of used paramagnetic resistance is the gadolinium which causes increase of signal in vascularized weaves and better characterization of the visualized weave, acute east allows to the analysis of the perfusion of the myocardium Subsequent to the coronary syndrome study allows to determine with exactitude the extension of the zone of necrosis, to stratify the risk and of identifying the viable weave as well as of determining the affected territory. This revision must like intention describe the provided interventions of infirmary to the patient with acute coronary syndrome that is put under this type of study since without a doubt our recent incorporation to the Department of Magnetic Resonance has been translated in an integral attention.
Assuntos
Síndrome Coronariana Aguda/diagnóstico , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética/enfermagem , Diagnóstico de Enfermagem , HumanosRESUMO
Objetivo: Determinar la frecuencia del síndrome de desgaste emocional o de Burnout en un grupo de 156 odontólogos del D.F. Se ha encontrado evidencia de que algunos odontólogos sufren altos niveles de estrés relacionados con su trabajo, en donde las variables relacionadas con su estado civil, nivel de escolaridad, tiempo de antigüedad en el trabajo tuvieron una correlación positiva con el síndrome de Burnout. Material y métodos: Los instrumentos de evaluación fueron: El Cuestionario General de Salud, cédula de eventos recientes de Holmes y Rahe, y el inventario de Burnout. Resultados: Según el cuestionario general de salud se encuentran 31 probables casos, es decir personas que reportan síntomas suficientes para necesitar apoyo terapéutico, siendo el sexo femenino el más afectado. Con el inventario de Burnout se detectaron 42 personas (26.92 por ciento) con nivel bajo, 76 (48.72 por ciento) con nivel medio y 38 (24.36 por ciento) con nivel alto de estrés. En la cédula de eventos recientes se detectaron 25 odontólogos (16.03 por ciento) con nivel bajo, 84 (53.85 por ciento) con nivel medio y 47 (30.13 por ciento) con nivel alto de estrés.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Esgotamento Profissional/epidemiologia , Doenças Profissionais/classificação , Doenças Profissionais/epidemiologia , Estresse Psicológico/epidemiologia , Estado Civil , México/epidemiologia , Distribuição por Sexo , Interpretação Estatística de Dados , Inquéritos e Questionários , Condições de TrabalhoRESUMO
Introducción: La ventana de infectividad, descrita por Caufield en niños norteamericanos, comprende el periodo durante el cual el ser humano es más susceptible de adquirir Streptococcus mutans (SM), tiempo durante el cual se incrementa la susceptibilidad a padecer caries. Hasta el momento no existen estudios que determinen el nivel de infectividad de SM en niños mexicanos. Objetivos: Determinar los niveles de infección en un grupo de niños mexicanos y conocer la asociación entre la presencia SM en saliva de la madre y su hijo. Un segundo objetivo fue determinar la relación que existe entre las unidades formadoras de colonias (UFC) de SM, con diferentes factores, tales como: edad, número de dientes erupcionados y capacidad amortiguadora de la saliva en niños. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, prospectivo, observacional y analítico, que incluyó 71 mujeres sin patología asociada, que hubiesen llevado su control prenatal en Instituto Nacional de Perinatología "Isidro Espinosa de los Reyes" (INPerIER) y cuyos hijos, al momento de la invitación, estuviesen sanos y se encontraran entre los cuatro a 24 meses de edad. Se formaron dos grupos: Grupo 1, constituido por 35 niños menores de 12 meses de edad. Grupo 2, constituido por 36 niños > 12 meses de edad. Se realizaron cultivos bacteriológicos de saliva total utilizando el Test de Riesgo de Caries de Ivoclar Vivadent. Resultados: Se encontró una asociación estadística directa con las UFC de SM de la madre (r = .356, p < .001), así como con el número de dientes cariados. (r = .350, p < .001). El nivel de infectividad de SM en este grupo de niños, fue en promedio de 14.9 meses. Conclusiones: Se encontró una asociación entre las UFC > 10(5)con el numero de dientes erupcionados. Los programas preventivos de higiene bucal deben comenzar durante el periodo de gestación, a fin de prevenir la transmisión temprana de SM de las madres a sus infantes.
Introduction: The window of infectivity described by Caufield in North-American children is a period during which children are more susceptible to the acquisition of Mutans streptococci (MS). As a consequence their dental caries susceptibility is increased. To date, this level of infectivity of MS has not been described in mexican children. Objectives: To determine the level of infectivity of MS in a group of Mexican children and to identify the association between MS in saliva from mothers and their children. A second objective was to determine the relationship between the colony-forming units (CFU) of MS with the number of teeth in the children's mouth and their saliva's buffering capacity. Materials and methods: A transversal, prospective and observational study was carried out on 71 healthy women who had their prenatal care at the INPer. At the time of the study their children were healthy and between 4-24 months of age. The children were grouped according to age: G1 comprised 35 children <12 month of age; G2 comprised 36 children >12 months of age. Bacteriological studies of their saliva (mother and children) were performed using the Caries Risk Test (CRT) kit [Ivoclar, Vivadent]. Results: Exists direct relationship with the CFU of the mother (r = .356), as well as the number of decayed teeth of the mother (r = .350). The level of infectivity of MS in this group of children was on average 14.9 months. Conclusions: There is a direct relationship between the CFU > 10(5) and with the number of erupted teeth in the children. The preventive programs should be initiated during pregnancy as an attempt to prevent the premature tranSMission of MS from mothers to their infants.