RESUMO
Resumen El desarrollo y la innovación de nuevas tecnologías ha permitido mejorar la detección de la infección por el virus del papiloma humano de alto riesgo. La captura de híbridos II es un ensayo que se basa en hibridación y quimioluminiscencia. Cobas VPH Test es una PCR cualitativa y Aptima VPH Assay permite detectar la expresión de ARN mensajero de las oncoproteínas E6/E7 del VPH de alto riesgo. Estas técnicas presentan ventajas en comparación con la citología convencional, que se utiliza como prueba de rutina para la detección temprana del cáncer de cuello uterino. En el estudio ESTAMPA se realizaron 13.691 procesamientos que permitieron identificar que para el planteamiento de proyectos de investigación o para la implementación de pruebas de tamizaje de VPH es necesario analizar las ventajas y desventajas de las pruebas del mercado.
Abstract The development and innovation of new technologies has improved the detection of high-risk human papillomavirus infection. Hybrid capture II is an assay that is based on hybridization and chemiluminescence. Cobas HPV Test is a qualitative PCR and Aptima HPV Assay allows to detect the expression of messenger RNA of the high- risk HPV E6 / E7 oncoproteins. These techniques have advantages, in comparison, with conventional cytology that is routinely used for the detection of cervical cancer. In the ESTAMPA study, 13,691 prosecutions were carried out that allowed to identify that for the planning of research projects or for the implementation of HPV screening tests, it is necessary to analyze the advantages and disadvantages of market tests.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Projetos de Pesquisa , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Infecções por Papillomavirus/diagnóstico , Técnicas de Diagnóstico Molecular/métodos , Papillomaviridae/genética , DNA Viral , RNA Mensageiro , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/genética , Programas de Rastreamento , Estudos Multicêntricos como Assunto , Triagem , Infecções por Papillomavirus/genética , Testes de DNA para Papilomavírus Humano , Medições Luminescentes , Hibridização de Ácido NucleicoRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To assess the effect of operational factors on the positivity rates of three HPV assays. METHODS: Within the cross-sectional ESTAMPA study, women aged 30-64 years were recruited at healthcare centers from Soacha, Colombia, during 2012-2015. Cervical samples were collected for cotesting with Hybrid Capture 2 (HC2; Qiagen, Gaithersburg, MD, USA), and either Aptima (Hologic, Marlborough, MA, USA) or Cobas 4800 (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN, USA). The effect of operational factors on assay performance was assessed using adjusted positivity rates obtained from logistic regression models. RESULTS: There were 4168 women included. For samples collected in assay-specific medium, positivity rate differences were associated with the expertise of the nurse collecting the sample (P=0.014 HC2; P=0.091 Aptima) and if sample collection occurred after an initial cytology (P=0.025 HC2; P=0.033 Aptima). If PreservCyt medium (Hologic) was used, HC2 positivity differences were observed depending on the time between sample collection and processing (P=0.026) and on the laboratory technician processing the samples (P=0.003). No differences were observed for PreservCyt samples processed with Aptima or Cobas. CONCLUSION: Nurse expertise, collection of previous cytology, processing time, and laboratory technician could influence HPV assay performance. Suitable quality assurance protocols for HPV-based screening programs are required. ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01881659.
Assuntos
Papillomaviridae/isolamento & purificação , Infecções por Papillomavirus/virologia , Neoplasias do Colo do Útero/diagnóstico , Adulto , Colômbia , Estudos Transversais , Citodiagnóstico , Detecção Precoce de Câncer/métodos , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Manejo de EspécimesRESUMO
Objetivo. El cáncer es un fenómeno complejo, se requiere reconocer las creencias y percepciones de pacientes y familiares o cuidadores, que in-fluyen sobre las formas de pensar, decidir y actuar frente a sí mismos y al entorno. Este trabajo tiene la finalidad de ser insumo para el diseño e implementación de programas para el control del cáncer que permitan fomentar la participación y cumplimiento del tratamiento.Materiales y métodos. Se llevó a cabo un estudio cualitativo en el que participaron pacientes con cáncer y familiares o cuidadores, atendidos en el Centro de Educación del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Se con-formaron nueve grupos focales. Los datos se sometieron a un análisis del discurso y se utilizó el Atlas.ti, versión 7.0.Resultados. Participaron 88 personas, 39 pacientes y 49 familiares o cui-dadores, de las cuales, el 71,5 % era del sexo femenino y el 85 % era de estrato socioeconómico bajo. Se identificaron creencias y percepciones en torno a la propensión y la gravedad de la enfermedad, así como los beneficios y las barreras frente a su manejo, además de elementos clave para actuar frente a la enfermedad. Entre estos hallazgos surgen, por un lado, aspectos relacionados con la percepción de factores de riesgo y la concepción inicial del cáncer como sinónimo de muerte, y, por otro, se evidencia la existencia de distintos tipos de barreras para la obtención de un diagnóstico temprano.Conclusión. Los programas de prevención y detección temprana del cán-cer deben incluir en sus estrategias las creencias y percepciones de los individuos frente al cáncer, mejorando las estrategias de información, educación y comunicación dirigidas a la comunidad, a fin de que sean reconocidas y legitimadas para lograr mejores resultados en salud pública.
Objective: Cancer is a complex phenomenon in which beliefs and perceptions of patients and carers are key in understanding ways of thinking and acting. This study aims at providing a star-ting point for further devising and implementing programs gea-red towards increasing patient participation and compliance to cancer-related treatments.Tools and methods: A qualitative study was conducted with the participation of cancer patients and carers seeking care at the education center of a Colombian institution providing health care to cancer patients (Instituto Nacional de Cancerología). Nine focus groups were carried out; Atlas Ti version 7.0 was used for data analysis. Further analysis was implemented with the use of discourse analysisResults: This study was carried out with 88 participants; 39 pa-tients and 49 carers. 71.5% of the sample accounted for women. Sociodemographic data indicated that 85% of the participants of this study were classified as having low or medium income. Throughout the present study, beliefs and perceptions about cancer-related susceptibility, benefits and perceived barriers we-re identified. The findings of this study highlight risk factor per-ceptions and various barriers related to early diagnosis access. Conclusion: Cancer related prevention and early detection programs ought to include beliefs and perceptions within their scope, when devising information, education and communica-tion strategies targeting communities, thus allowing for better outcomes in public health.
Objetivo: O câncer é um fenômeno complexo que requer con-hecimento das crenças e percepções dos próprios pacientes e seus parentes cuidadores, para entender melhor suas formas de pensar, decidir e atuar. Este artigo busca se tornar um insumo na criação e implementação de programas para o controle de câncer que facilitem a participação e aderência ao tratamento. Materiais e métodos: Estudo qualitativo com participação de pacientes com câncer e seus parentes cuidadores do Centro de Educação do Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Foram reali-zados 9 grupos focais, sua análise foi feita com Atlas Ti versão 7.0 e a análise de dados foi feito com análise de discurso.Resultados: Participaram 88 pessoas, 39 pacientes e 49 paren-tes cuidadores, dentre eles 71,5% mulheres e 85% de baixa renda. Foram identificadas crenças e percepções em torno da susceptibilidade e gravidade da doença, mesmo como proble-mas no tratamento e diagnóstico e outros elementos chave para agir perante a doença. Conclusão: Os programas de prevenção e detecção precoce do câncer devem incluir estratégias que aprofundem as crenças e percepções dos sujeitos perante o câncer, para melhorar as es-tratégias de informação, educação e comunicação e conseguir maior legitimidade do tratamento e melhora nos impactos da saúde pública.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Detecção Precoce de Câncer , Neoplasias , Características Culturais , CulturaRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Kawasaki disease refers to systemic vasculitis with risk of coronary artery disease. Our objective is to identify risk factors associated with coronary artery disease in patients with complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Descriptive, retrospective study conducted in patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease in a tertiary-care hospital between 2008 and 2014. The American Heart Association diagnostic criteria were used to define complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease. RESULTS: Thirty-one children were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease; 24 met the criteria for the complete form, and 7, for the incomplete form of this condition. Five had coronary artery disease. One of them had incomplete Kawasaki disease (1/7= 14.3%), and the remaining four had the complete form (4/24= 16.7%). No significant differences were found between both groups (p= 1.0). Patients with coronary artery involvement had a higher C-reactive protein level (median: 16.2 mg/dL versus 8.4 mg/dL, p= 0.047) and lower albuminemia (median: 3.2 mg/dL versus 3.99 mg/dL, p= 0.002). CONCLUSIONS: The risk of coronary artery involvement in incomplete Kawasaki disease is similar to that in complete Kawasaki disease; therefore, in patients with the incomplete form, immunoglobulin therapy should not be delayed. In our population, C-reactive protein and albumin levels were related to a higher risk of coronary artery involvement.
INTRODUCCIÓN: La enfermedad de Kawasaki es una vasculitis sistémica con riesgo de afectación coronaria. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la afectación coronaria en pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki completa e incompleta. MATERIAL AND MÉTODOS: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedad de Kawasaki en un hospital terciario entre 2008 y 2014. Se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos de la Asociación Americana de Cardiología para definir la enfermedad de Kawasaki en su forma completa e incompleta. RESULTADOS: Treinta y un niños fueron diagnosticados con enfermedad de Kawasaki; 24 cumplían criterios para la forma completa y 7, para la incompleta. Cinco presentaron afectación coronaria. Uno de ellos presentaba enfermedad de Kawasaki incompleta (1/7= 14,3%), y los 4 restantes, enfermedad de Kawasaki completa (4/24= 16,7%). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el riesgo de afectación coronaria entre ambos grupos (p= 1,0). Los pacientes con afectación coronaria tenían una proteína C reactiva mayor (mediana: 16,2 mg/dl vs. 8,4 mg/dl; p= 0,047) y una menor albuminemia (mediana: 3,2 mg/dl vs. 3,99 mg/dl; p= 0,002). CONCLUSIONES: El riesgo de afectación coronaria de la enfermedad de Kawasaki incompleta es similar al de la enfermedad de Kawasaki complet por lo que, en pacientes con la forma incompleta de la enfermedad, no se debería demorar el tratamiento con inmunoglobulina. En nuestra población, los valores de proteína C reactiva y de albúmina se relacionan con un mayor riesgo de afectación coronaria.
Assuntos
Vasos Coronários/patologia , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/patologia , Albuminas/análise , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/sangue , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de RiscoRESUMO
Introducción: La enfermedad de Kawasaki es una vasculitis sistémica con riesgo de afectación coronaria. Nuestro objetivo es identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la afectación coronaria en pacientes con enfermedad de Kawasaki completa e incompleta. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo retrospectivo de los pacientes diagnosticados con enfermedad de Kawasaki en un hospital terciario entre 2008 y 2014. Se utilizaron los criterios diagnósticos de la Asociación Americana de Cardiología para definir la enfermedad de Kawasaki en su forma completa e incompleta. Resultados: Treinta y un niños fueron diagnosticados con enfermedad de Kawasaki; 24 cumplían criterios para la forma completa y 7, para la incompleta. Cinco presentaron afectación coronaria. Uno de ellos presentaba enfermedad de Kawasaki incompleta (1/7= 14,3%), y los 4 restantes, enfermedad de Kawasaki completa (4/24= 16,7%). No se encontraron diferencias significativas en el riesgo de afectación coronaria entre ambos grupos (p= 1,0). Los pacientes con afectación coronaria tenían una proteína C reactiva mayor (mediana: 16,2 mg/dl vs. 8,4 mg/dl; p= 0,047) y una menor albuminemia (mediana: 3,2 mg/dl vs. 3,99 mg/dl; p= 0,002). Conclusiones: El riesgo de afectación coronaria de la enfermedad de Kawasaki incompleta es similar al de la enfermedad de Kawasaki completa, por lo que, en pacientes con la forma incompleta de la enfermedad, no se debería demorar el tratamiento con inmunoglobulina. En nuestra población, los valores de proteína C reactiva y de albúmina se relacionan con un mayor riesgo de afectación coronaria.
Introduction: Kawasaki disease refers to systemic vasculitis with risk of coronary artery disease. Our objective is to identify risk factors associated with coronary artery disease in patients with complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease. Material and methods: Descriptive, retrospective study conducted in patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease in a tertiary-care hospital between 2008 and 2014. The American Heart Association diagnostic criteria were used to define complete and incomplete Kawasaki disease. Results: Thirty-one children were diagnosed with Kawasaki disease; 24 met the criteria for the complete form, and 7, for the incomplete form of this condition. Five had coronary artery disease. One of them had incomplete Kawasaki disease (1/7= 14.3%), and the remaining four had the complete form (4/24= 16.7%). No significant differences were found between both groups (p= 1.0). Patients with coronary artery involvement had a higher C-reactive protein level (median: 16.2 mg/dL versus 8.4 mg/dL, p= 0.047) and lower albuminemia (median: 3.2 mg/dL versus 3.99 mg/dL, p= 0.002). Conclusions: The risk of coronary artery involvement in incomplete Kawasaki disease is similar to that in complete Kawasaki disease; therefore, in patients with the incomplete form, immunoglobulin therapy should not be delayed. In our population, C-reactive protein and albumin levels were related to a higher risk of coronary artery involvement.
Assuntos
Humanos , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Vasos Coronários/patologia , Albuminas/análise , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/patologia , Síndrome de Linfonodos Mucocutâneos/sangueRESUMO
Objective: To analyze whether the immune response to HPV-16, -18, -31, -45 and -58 capsids in women vaccinated with the quadrivalent vaccine induces cross-reactivity against other HPV virus-like particles (VLPs). Methods: A total of 88 women aged between 18 and 27 years attending the HPV clinic at the Instituto Nacional de Cancerología were enrolled and vaccinated against HPV. Follow-up visits were scheduled at months 7, 12, and 24. Samples were collected for cytology, HPV-DNA typing, and detection of HPV antibodies. IgG antibodies were measured by ELISA using HPV-16, -18, -31, -45, and -58 VLPs. HPV-DNA detection was done by GP5+/GP6+PCR-ELISA and HPV typing was performed by Reverse Line-Blot assay. Results: Pre-vaccination, the seroprevalence of HPV-16, -18, -31, -45, and -58 was 39%, 31.7%, 15.9%, 31.7%, and 23.2%, respectively. One month post-vaccination, the seroprevalence increased close to 100% for all types. At month 24, this response was maintained only for HPV-16 and -18. For HPV-31, -45 and -58, the seroprevalence decreased to below 50%. The prevalence of HPV DNA types 16, 18 and 58 before vaccination was little changed 1 month after vaccination. No new infections were observed at 24 months. For HPV-16 and -18 related types, no differences were observed before vaccination and at month 24. For other high-risk HPV types, the prevalence increased 18 months post-vaccination (15.5%) compared with pre-vaccination (9.8%). Conclusion: Immune response to all HPV types increased after vaccination, but this increase was maintained only for HPV-16 and -18. These results suggest a possible cross-reactivity against HPV types 31, 45 and 58, but this cross-reactivity wanes with time. © 2012 Instituto Nacional de Cancerología. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L. Todos los derechos reservados.
Objetivo: Analizar si la respuesta inmune hacia las cápsides del VPH tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 en mujeres que recibieron la vacuna tetravalente induce reactividad cruzada hacia otros tipos virales. Métodos: Ochenta y ocho mujeres entre 18 y 27 años, asistentes al Grupo VPH del Instituto Nacional de Cancerología, recibieron la vacuna de VPH. Visitas de seguimiento en los meses 7, 12 y 24. Se tomaron muestras para prueba de Papanicolaou, tipificación de VPH y detección de anticuerpos. Los anticuerpos se detectaron por ELISA, usando VLP-VPH. La detección del ADN-VPH se realizó por Reverse Line Blot. Resultados: Prevacunación, la seroprevalencia de VPH tipos 16, 18, 31, 45 y 58 fue de 39, 31,7, 15,9, 31,7 y 23,2%, respectivamente. Al mes 7 aumentó cerca del 100% para todos los tipos. Al mes 24 esta respuesta se mantuvo para VPH tipos 16 y 18. Para VPH tipos 31, 45 y 58 disminuyó por debajo del 50%. La prevalencia de ADN-VPH tipos 16, 18 y 58 tuvo poca variación antes y un mes después de la vacunación. Al mes 24, no se observaron nuevas infecciones. Para VPH tipos 16 y 18, no se observaron diferencias antes ni al mes 24. En otros tipos de HR-VPH aumentó la prevalencia al mes 24 (15,5%), comparada con la prevacunación (9,8%). Conclusión: Se observó un aumento de la respuesta inmune a todos los tipos de VPH después de la vacunación, pero esta se mantuvo solamente para los VPH tipos 16 y 18. Los resultados sugieren una posible reactividad cruzada contra VPH tipos 31, 45 y 58. Sin embargo, esta reactividad cruzada disminuye con el tiempo.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto , Papiloma , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Prevalência , Vacinação , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Papillomavirus Humano 16 , Papillomavirus Humano 31RESUMO
We have previously shown that adenosine and the aspartate salt of adenosine (IFC305) reverse pre-established CCl(4)-induced cirrhosis in rats. However, their molecular mechanism of action is not clearly understood. Hepatic stellate cells (HSC) play a pivotal role in liver fibrogenesis leading to cirrhosis, mainly through their activation, changing from a quiescent adipogenic state to a proliferative myofibrogenic condition. Therefore, we decided to investigate the effect of IFC305 on primary cultured rat HSC. Our results reveal that this compound suppressed the activation of HSC, as demonstrated by the maintenance of a quiescent cell morphology, including lipid droplets content, inhibition of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) and collagen α1(I) expression, and up-regulation of MMP-13, Smad7, and PPARγ expression, three key antifibrogenic genes. Furthermore, IFC305 was able to repress the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)-induced proliferation of HSC. This inhibition was independent of adenosine receptors stimulation; instead, IFC305 was incorporated into cells by adenosine transporters and converted to AMP by adenosine kinase. On the other hand, addition of pyrimidine ribonucleoside as uridine reversed the suppressive effect of IFC305 on the proliferation and activation of HSC, suggesting that intracellular pyrimidine starvation would be involved in the molecular mechanism of action of IFC305. In conclusion, IFC305 inhibits HSC activation and maintains their quiescence in vitro; these results could explain in part the antifibrotic liver beneficial effect previously described for this compound on the animal model.
Assuntos
Adenosina/análogos & derivados , Inibidores do Crescimento/farmacologia , Células Estreladas do Fígado/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Estreladas do Fígado/metabolismo , Adenosina/farmacologia , Animais , Proliferação de Células/efeitos dos fármacos , Células Cultivadas , Masculino , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Regulação para Cima/efeitos dos fármacos , Regulação para Cima/fisiologiaRESUMO
The aim of this study was to determine the association of the Gly482Ser polymorphism of the PGC-1 gene with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in subjects from the city of Maracaibo. The study was performed on 64 no-diabetic subjects (36 without insulin resistance and 28 with insulin resistance) and 13 with type 2 diabetes. A clinical and nutritional history was carried out and the evaluation of anthropometric parameters was included. Fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C, were measured. The Gly482Ser polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP. It was found that the allelic frequencies for A and G were 0.36 and 0.64, respectively. The population was found in genetic equilibrium of Hardy Weinberg. The genotypes of the polymorphism Gly482Ser were not associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR = 1.320, p = 0.74; OR = 2, p = 0.47 respectively). Nevertheless, the diabetic subjects with the genotype AA presented values of LDL-C higher (p < 0.05) than the individuals with the genotypes GG and GA. The diabetics with the genotype GA showed significantly higher concentrations of triglycerides (>150 mg/dL) compared with the genotype GG. According to the results, the polymorphism Gly482Ser of the PGC-1 gene would be able to contribute to the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetics, while in the insulin resistant individuals, this polymorphism was not associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
Assuntos
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/genética , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/genética , Resistência à Insulina/genética , Polimorfismo de Nucleotídeo Único , Fatores de Transcrição/genética , Adulto , Substituição de Aminoácidos , Glicemia/análise , Colesterol/sangue , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangue , Feminino , Genótipo , Humanos , Hipertrigliceridemia/sangue , Hipertrigliceridemia/etiologia , Insulina/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Coativador 1-alfa do Receptor gama Ativado por Proliferador de Peroxissomo , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Polimorfismo de Fragmento de Restrição , Triglicerídeos/sangue , População Urbana/estatística & dados numéricos , Venezuela/epidemiologiaRESUMO
El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la asociación entre el polimorfismo Gly482Ser del gen PGC-1 con resistencia a la insulina y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2 en individuos de la ciudad de Maracaibo. Se estudiaron 64 individuos no diabético (36 sin resistencia a la insulina, 28 resistentes a la insulina) y 13 diabéticos tipo 2. Se realizó una historia clínica nutricional que incluyó la evaluación de parámetros antropométricos. Se midieron los niveles de glicemia e insulina basal, colesterol total, HDL-C y LDL-C. El polimorfismo Gly482Ser fue detectado empleando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa y polimorfismo de restricción de fragmentos largos. Se encontró que las frecuencias alélicas para A y G resultaron 0,36 y 0,64 respectivamente. La población se encontró en equilibrio genético de Hardy Weinberg. Al asociar los genotipos del polimorfismo Gly482Ser con la resistencia a la insulina y la diabetes mellitus tipo 2, no se encontró asociación estadística significativa (OR=1,320, p=0,74; OR=2, p=0,47 respectivamente). Sin embargo, los individuos diabéticos con genotipo AA presentaron valores de LDL-C más elevados (p<0,05) que los individuos con el genotipo GG y GA. Los diabéticos con el genotipo GA mostraron concentraciones significativamente elevadas de triglicéridos (>150 mg/dL) comparados con los del genotipo GG. De acuerdo a los resultados obtenidos, el polimorfismo Gly482Ser del gen PGC-1 podría contribuir al riesgo cardiovascular en los individuos diabéticos tipo 2, mientras que en los individuos resistentes a la insulina este polimorfismo no estuvo asociado a factores de riesgo cardiovascular.
The aim of this study was to determine the association of the Gly482Ser polymorphism of the PGC-1 gene with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus in subjects from the city of Maracaibo. The study was performed on 64 no-diabetic subjects (36 without insulin resistance and 28 with insulin resistance) and 13 with type 2 diabetes. A clinical and nutritional history was carried out and the evaluation of anthropometric parameters was included. Fasting serum glucose, fasting serum insulin, total cholesterol, HDL-C and LDL-C, were measured. The Gly482Ser polymorphism was detected by PCR-RFLP. It was found that the allelic frequencies for A and G were 0.36 and 0.64, respectively. The population was found in genetic equilibrium of Hardy Weinberg. The genotypes of the polymorphism Gly482Ser were not associated with insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes mellitus (OR=1.320, p=0.74; OR = 2, p=0.47 respectively). Nevertheless, the diabetic subjects with the genotype AA presented values of LDL-C higher (p<0.05) than the individuals with the genotypes GG and GA. The diabetics with the genotype GA showed significantly higher concentrations of triglycerides (>150 mg/dL) compared with the genotype GG. According to the results, the polymorphism Gly482Ser of the PGC-1 gene would be able to contribute to the cardiovascular risk in type 2 diabetics, while in the insulin resistant individuals, this polymorphism was not associated with cardiovascular risk factors.
Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Resistência à Insulina , Proliferadores de Peroxissomos , Polimorfismo Genético , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Avaliação NutricionalRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: There are few studies on the effect on quality of life (QL) of cancer-related illness and treatment in elderly patients. The aim of this work was to evaluate prospectively QL in a sample of elderly patients with stages I.III breast cancer who started radiotherapy treatment and compare their QL with that of a sample of younger patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-eight patients, > or = 65 years of age completed the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) QL questionnaires QLQ-C30 and QLQ-BR23, and the Interview for Deterioration in Daily Living Activities in Dementia (IDDD) daily activities scale three times throughout treatment and follow-up periods. Clinical and demographic data were also recorded. Fifty patients ages 40-64 years with the same disease stage and treatment modality had previously completed the QL questionnaires. QL scores, changes in them among the three assessments, differences between groups based on clinical factors, and differences between the two samples were calculated. RESULTS: QL scoring was good and stable (>70/100 points) in most areas, in line with clinical data. Light and moderate limitations occurred in global QL and some emotional, sexual, and treatment-related areas. Moderate decreases (10-20) appeared in some toxicity-related areas, which recovered during the follow-up period. Breast-conservation and sentinel-node patients presented higher scores in emotional areas. There were few QL differences among agebased samples. CONCLUSIONS: QL and clinical data indicate radiotherapy was well tolerated. Age should not be the only factor evaluated when deciding upon treatment for breast cancer patients.
Assuntos
Neoplasias da Mama/psicologia , Neoplasias da Mama/radioterapia , Qualidade de Vida/psicologia , Adulto , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Inquéritos e QuestionáriosRESUMO
Osteoporosis (OP) is an important public issue affecting more than 150 millions all over the world, mainly post-menopausic women. Epidemiological studies have shown that the genetic factors could be involved in 80-90% of the bone mineral density variabiblity and therefore, related to the risk of OP manifestations. The vitamin D receptor (VRD) gene has been extensively studied, but its relationship with OP has been controversial. The aim of this investigation was to study the association of Bsm I, Apa I and Taq I VDR gene polymorphism with OP in 147 post-menopausic women; 71 with OP and 76 without the disease (control). The molecular gene analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The genotypes BB, AA, and tt were found in 56.33, 50.70 and 25.35% and in 21.05, 28.95 and 10.53% of OP patients and controls respectively. The haplotype BBAAtt was observed in 23.94% of OP patients and 5.26% of the controls. This haplotype was a risk factor for OP, since a odds ratio (OR) of 5.66 was found, while, haplotype BbaaTT was a protection factor (OR: 0.10). These findings support the association of the vitamin D receptor gene BBAAtt haplotype with OP.
Assuntos
Desoxirribonucleases de Sítio Específico do Tipo II/genética , Osteoporose/genética , Polimorfismo Genético , Pós-Menopausa/genética , Receptores de Calcitriol/genética , Feminino , HumanosRESUMO
La Osteoporosis (OP) es un problema de salud pública, que afecta a más de 150 millones de personas en el mundo, mayoritariamente mujeres posmenopáusicas. Estudios epidemiológicos demuestran que los factores genéticos podrían representar el 80-90 por ciento de la variabilidad en la densidad mineral ósea y en consecuencia relacionarse con el riesgo a sufrir OP. El gen del receptor de la vitamina D (RVD) se ha estudiado ampliamente en este campo y su relación con la osteoporosis ha sido controversial. El objetivo de esta investigación fue estudiar la asociación de los polimorfismos Bsm I, Apa I y Taq I del gen del RVD con la OP en 147 mujeres posmenopáusicas, 71 con OP y 76 sin la enfermedad (control). El análisis molecular se realizó utilizando la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (RCP). Los genotipos BB, AA y tt se encontraron en 56,33, 50,70 y 25,35 por ciento y en 21,05, 28,95 y 10,53 por ciento, en el grupo con OP y control, respectivamente. El haplotipo BBAAtt se observó en un 23,94 por ciento en el grupo con OP y en 5,26 por ciento en el grupo control. Este haplotipo resultó ser factor de riesgo para la OP con Razón de disparidad (RD) de 5,66, mientras que el haplotipo BbaaTT, factor de protección (RD: 0,10). Estos hallazgos apoyan la asociación del haplotipo BBAAtt del gen del receptor de la vitamina D con la OP.
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Genes , Haplótipos , Osteoporose , Pós-Menopausa , Vitamina D , Medicina , Saúde Pública , VenezuelaRESUMO
Among genes implied on the osteoporosis genetics, the most studied gene worldwide is the receptor gene of D vitamin (VDR), through the characterization of Bsm I polymorphism. The main objective of this research was to analyze the Bsm I polymorphism of the VDR gene in a sample of 133 postmenopausal women distributed in three groups: 54 with osteoporosis, 24 with osteopenia and 55 normal controls for the disease. 28 of the women with osteoporosis presented the BB genotype, which is related in other countries to bone mineral density decrease, 20 had the Bb genotype, and 6 the bb genotype. Of the control group only 11 women presented the BB genotype, 36 showed the heterozygote genotype and 8 the bb genotype. The frequencies of the B and b alleles in the analyzed population were 0.6 and 0.4 respectively. The BB genotype was found in 52% of the group with osteoporosis, and in 20% of the control group, these findings are statistically significant, which suggest an association between the BB genotype and osteoporosis.