Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/microbiologia , Acinetobacter/enzimologia , Acinetobacter/metabolismo , beta-Lactamases/isolamento & purificação , beta-Lactamases/metabolismo , Acinetobacter/efeitos dos fármacos , Acinetobacter/genética , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Brasil , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/efeitos dos fármacos , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana/genética , Feminino , Humanos , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Fatores de Virulência/genética , Sequenciamento Completo do Genoma , beta-Lactamases/genéticaRESUMO
This study aimed to characterize the main mechanisms of acquired antimicrobial resistance of 103 multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from bloodstream from 2006 to 2016 from a hospital in Londrina, Brazil. All 103 isolates were identified as A. baumannii by amplification of the blaOXA-51-like and rpoB genes. Mortality was observed in the majority (81.6%) of the patients. High non-susceptibility rates (100.0-10.7%) were obtained for the evaluated antimicrobials, including colistin, polymyxin B, and tigecycline, and most isolates were classified as extensively drug-resistant (78.6%). Carbapenemase production was observed in 92.2% of the isolates. All carbapenem-resistant isolates showed a carbapenem-hydrolyzing class D ß-lactamase being either blaOXA-23-like (97.9%) or blaOXA-143-like (2.1%). None of the isolates had the genes blaOXA-24-like, blaOXA-58-like, blaOXA-48, blaKPC, blaNDM, blaSPM-1, blaSIM-1, blaVIM, blaIMP, blaGIM, blaGES, mcr-1, qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrS, and qnrVc. As a genetic context of the blaOXA-23-like gene, Tn2006 was predominated (86.0%), and Tn2008 was less frequent (12.9%). Isolates harboring the blaOXA-143-like gene showed the blaOXA-253-like variant. A polyclonal profile was observed among the A. baumannii isolates. The presence of the international clonal complexes CC113/79, CC109/1, CC110/25, and CC103/15 was detected, with prevalence of CC113/79 (38.8%). This study provides essential information to understand the antimicrobial resistance patterns of A. baumannii and can be used to strengthen infection control measures in our hospital. Also, the study reinforces the urgent need to develop stewardship programs to avoid the spread and potential outbreaks by this pathogen.
Assuntos
Infecções por Acinetobacter/tratamento farmacológico , Acinetobacter baumannii/efeitos dos fármacos , Antibacterianos/farmacologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , beta-Lactamases/genética , Infecções por Acinetobacter/epidemiologia , Infecções por Acinetobacter/microbiologia , Acinetobacter baumannii/genética , Acinetobacter baumannii/isolamento & purificação , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Brasil , Carbapenêmicos/farmacologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Farmacorresistência Bacteriana Múltipla , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Testes de Sensibilidade Microbiana , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Adulto JovemRESUMO
Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic agents and children under five years of age are the target population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - Paraná. METHODS: Latex agglutination (LA); immunochromatography (ICG); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative staining electron microscopy (ME) tests were used to detect the virus. For the genotyping, RT-PCR and RT-PCR-ELISA were used, respectively, for NSP4 and VP4/VP7. RESULT: Out of 124 samples there were 69 positive stool samples for RV, for at least one of the used tests, 67 of them being RV group A (RV-A). Overall, most of the RV positive stool samples came from children under thirteen years of age. However, 12 positive cases occurred in patients aged 13 years or above, including an 81-year old patient. CONCLUSION: The data showed similar electropherotypes and genotypes G, P and NSP4 of the inland wild circulating strains of RV.
Assuntos
Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Adulto Jovem , Diarreia/virologia , Infecções por Rotavirus/virologia , Rotavirus/genética , Doença Aguda , Cromatografia , Eletroforese em Gel de Poliacrilamida , Fezes/virologia , Genótipo , Testes de Fixação do Látex , Microscopia Eletrônica , Coloração Negativa , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Infecções por Rotavirus/diagnóstico , Rotavirus/isolamento & purificaçãoRESUMO
UNLABELLED: Acute diarrheal disease is still one of the major public health problems worldwide. Rotaviruses (RV) are the most important viral etiologic agents and children under five years of age are the target population. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the rate of RV infection in hospitalized patients due to acute diarrhea in the cities of Ponta Grossa, Londrina and Assai - Paraná. METHODS: Latex agglutination (LA); immunochromatography (ICG); polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and negative staining electron microscopy (ME) tests were used to detect the virus. For the genotyping, RT-PCR and RT-PCR-ELISA were used, respectively, for NSP4 and VP4/VP7. RESULT: Out of 124 samples there were 69 positive stool samples for RV, for at least one of the used tests, 67 of them being RV group A (RV-A). Overall, most of the RV positive stool samples came from children under thirteen years of age. However, 12 positive cases occurred in patients aged 13 years or above, including an 81-year old patient. CONCLUSION: The data showed similar electropherotypes and genotypes G, P and NSP4 of the inland wild circulating strains of RV.