RESUMO
Following the obesity epidemics, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown in prevalence and become a main cause of morbidity and death, intimately linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cirrhosis. The key factor in the evolution of NAFLD is thought to be oxidative stress. Because most patients cannot change their lifestyle or dietary habits, a pharmaceutical strategy is now required to treat NAFLD. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is treated with vitamin E. (NASH). Vitamin E is also a powerful antioxidant that has been demonstrated to lower oxidative stress in people with NAFLD. Thymol is a monoterpene phenol with a variety of pharmacological effects, however its anti-fatty liver properties have yet to be investigated. Despite the fact that oxidative stress is thought to have a role in the etiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, antioxidant therapies have not been well studied in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The goal was to learn more about vitamin E and thymol's biological activities, with a particular emphasis on their therapeutic effectiveness in NAFLD. Four groups of thirty-two adult male rats were formed (healthy control, thymol, Vit E, and fatty liver). For 28 days, rats were given either oral vitamin E (200 mg/kg) or thymol (50 mg/kg) randomly. The levels of ALT, AST, TNF- α, Ferritin, CK-MB enzymes, and MAPK gene expression were then determined in the serum. Based on a random effect model analysis, at the end of 28 days of therapy, ALT (41.43 U/L), AST (47.91 U/L), Ferritin (1.13 pg/dl), CK-MB (251.22 IU/L), TNF-α (95.39 pg/mL) (p≤0.001), and MAPK gene expression levels (p≤0.05) significantly reduced in both experimental groups compared with the fatty liver group. Vitamin E and thymol therapy is a safe, affordable, and effective therapeutic option in the fatty liver group. Patients with fatty liver disease should be encouraged to take vitamin E and Thymol supplements, which are both safe and affordable, because more effective new therapeutic options are lacking.
Após a epidemia de obesidade, a doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA) cresceu em prevalência e se tornou a principal causa de morbidade e morte, intimamente ligada a doenças cardiovasculares, como câncer e cirrose. Acredita-se que o fator chave na evolução da DHGNA seja o estresse oxidativo. Como a maioria dos pacientes não pode mudar seu estilo de vida ou hábitos alimentares, uma estratégia farmacêutica para tratar a DHGNA se fez necessária. A doença hepática gordurosa não alcoólica (DHGNA), incluindo esteatohepatite não alcoólica, é tratada com vitamina E. (NASH). A vitamina E também é considerada um poderoso antioxidante que demonstrou reduzir o estresse oxidativo em pessoas com DHGNA. O timol é um fenol monoterpeno com uma variedade de efeitos farmacológicos, porém suas propriedades antigorduras no fígado ainda não foram investigadas. Apesar de se pensar que o estresse oxidativo tem um papel na etiologia da esteatohepatite não alcoólica, as terapias antioxidantes não foram ainda bem estudadas no tratamento da esteatohepatite não alcoólica. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar sobre as possíveis atividades biológicas da vitamina E e do timol, com ênfase particular na sua eficácia terapêutica na DHGNA. Foram formados quatro grupos de trinta e dois ratos machos adultos (controle saudável, timol, vitamina E e fígado gorduroso). Durante 28 dias, os ratos receberam vitamina E oral (200 mg/kg) ou timol (50 mg/kg) aleatoriamente. Os níveis de ALT, AST, TNF-α, Ferritina, enzimas CK-MB e expressão do gene MAPK foram então determinados no soro. Com base em uma análise de modelo de efeito aleatório, ao final de 28 dias de terapia, ALT (41,43 U/L), AST (47,91 U/L), Ferritina (1,13 pg/dl), CK-MB (251,22 IU/L), TNF-α (95,39 pg/mL) (p ≤ 0,001) e os níveis de expressão do gene MAPK (p ≤ 0,05) reduziram significativamente em ambos os grupos experimentais em comparação com o grupo fígado gorduroso. A terapia com vitamina E e timol é uma opção terapêutica segura, acessível e eficaz no grupo de fígado gorduroso. Pacientes com doença hepática gordurosa devem ser encorajados a tomar suplementos de vitamina E e Timol, que são seguros e acessíveis, dado que faltam novas opções terapêuticas mais eficazes.
Assuntos
Animais , Ratos , Timol/uso terapêutico , Vitamina E/uso terapêutico , Ratos Wistar , Fígado Gorduroso/terapia , Hepatopatia Gordurosa não Alcoólica/terapiaRESUMO
Following the obesity epidemics, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has grown in prevalence and become a main cause of morbidity and death, intimately linked to cardiovascular disease, cancer, and cirrhosis. The key factor in the evolution of NAFLD is thought to be oxidative stress. Because most patients cannot change their lifestyle or dietary habits, a pharmaceutical strategy is now required to treat NAFLD. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), including nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, is treated with vitamin E. (NASH). Vitamin E is also a powerful antioxidant that has been demonstrated to lower oxidative stress in people with NAFLD. Thymol is a monoterpene phenol with a variety of pharmacological effects, however its anti-fatty liver properties have yet to be investigated. Despite the fact that oxidative stress is thought to have a role in the etiology of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, antioxidant therapies have not been well studied in the treatment of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis. The goal was to learn more about vitamin E and thymol's biological activities, with a particular emphasis on their therapeutic effectiveness in NAFLD. Four groups of thirty-two adult male rats were formed (healthy control, thymol, Vit E, and fatty liver). For 28 days, rats were given either oral vitamin E (200 mg/kg) or thymol (50 mg/kg) randomly. The levels of ALT, AST, TNF- α, Ferritin, CK-MB enzymes, and MAPK gene expression were then determined in the serum. Based on a random effect model analysis, at the end of 28 days of therapy, ALT (41.43 U/L), AST (47.91 U/L), Ferritin (1.13 pg/dl), CK-MB (251.22 IU/L), TNF-α (95.39 pg/mL) (p≤0.001), and MAPK gene expression levels (p≤0.05) significantly reduced in both experimental groups compared with the fatty liver group. Vitamin E and thymol therapy is a safe, affordable, and effective therapeutic option in the fatty liver group. Patients with fatty liver disease should be encouraged to take vitamin E and Thymol supplements, which are both safe and affordable, because more effective new therapeutic options are lacking.