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In the present manuscript we present evidence of the improvement of MASLD with dietary intervention. It is known that the Mediterranean diet is the best intervention for this pathology, however, it cannot be established in all countries due to the diversity of foods. We create a Mexican diet with the nutrients of the Mediterranean diet for the treatment of our population.
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BACKGROUND: The definition of metabolic-dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) allows identification of metabolically complicated patients. Fibrosis risk scores are related to cardiovascular risk (CVR) scores and could be useful for the identification of patients at risk of systemic complications. AIM: To evaluate the relationship between MAFLD and CVR using the Framingham risk score in a group of Mexican patients. METHODS: Cross-sectional, observational and descriptive study carried out in a cohort of 585 volunteers in the state of Veracruz with MAFLD criteria. The risk of liver fibrosis was calculated with aspartate aminotransferase-to-platelet ratio index, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease score and fibrosis-4, as well as with transient hepatic elastography with Fibroscan®. The CVR was determined by the Framingham system. RESULTS: One hundred and twenty-five participants (21.4%) with MAFLD criteria were evaluated, average age 54.4 years, 63.2% were women, body mass index 32.3 kg/m2. The Framingham CVR was high in 43 patients (33.9%). Transient elastography was performed in 55.2% of volunteers; 39.1% with high CVR and predominance in advanced fibrosis (F3-F4). The logistic regression analysis showed that liver fibrosis, diabetes and hypertension independently increased CVR. CONCLUSION: One of every three patients with MAFLD had a high CVR, and in those with high fibrosis risk, the CVR risk was even greater.
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BACKGROUND/AIMS: Different non-invasive diagnostics strategies have been used to assess patients with gastroesophageal reflux. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) questionnaire (GerdQ) is a 6-item, easy to use questionnaire that was developed primarily as a diagnostic tool for GERD in primary care. Our aim was to validate and assess diagnostic utility of GerdQ questionnaire in Mexican patients in the primary care setting. METHODS: The study was performed in 3 phases: (1) a questionnaire translation and comprehension study (n = 20), (2) are a reproduci-bility and validation study (50 patients and 50 controls) and (3) a study to assess the clinical utility in 252 subjects with GERD symptoms. Diagnostic accuracy was calculated using endoscopy and/or pH-metry as the gold standard. RESULTS: Internal consistency measured by the Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.81 for patients and 0.90 for healthy controls, with a mixed coefficient of 0.93. Reproducibility for GerdQ was very good and its discriminating validity was 88%. Most of the pa-tients with erosive reflux and non-erosive reflux with abnormal pH-metry had scores > 8, meanwhile most of the patients with functional heartburn and hypersensitive esophagus had < 8. Sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of GerdQ com-pared to the gold standard were 72%, 72% and 87%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In Mexico, the GerdQ questionnaire Spanish validated version is useful for GERD diagnosis in the primary care setting.(J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2014;20:475-482).
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BACKGROUND: Dental erosion (DE) is the loss of the hard tissues of the tooth produced by the action of gastric juice, pepsin and acid on the dental enamel, its frequency ranges from 5 to 53.41 %. In Mexico there are no reports on the frequency and possible association. OBJECTIVE: To establish the prevalence of dental erosion and its relationship to GERD. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Prospective, observational, descriptive and comparative study was conducted in 60 patients diagnosed with GERD and 60 healthy patients at the Institute of Medical and Biological Research of the Universidad Veracruzana in Veracruz city. Anthropometric characteristics, dietary habits, oral hygiene, alcohol consumption, smoking, ED index and Index of decayed/missing dental pieces/sealed and correlation between severity of ED and GERD were analyzed. RESULTS: 78.67 % of patients with GERD had ED, 23.33 % corresponded to grade 0, 41.67 % to N1, N2 and 23.33 % to 11.67 % to N3. Predominance of females (2,3:1). The mean age was 50.92 +/- 13.52 years. The severity of dental erosion was significantly related to the severity of reflux, halitosis, CPO index and poor eating habits. There was no statistically significant difference in the other variables analyzed. CONCLUSIONS: Dental erosion has a high frequency in patients with GERD and reflux characteristics are directly related to their severity and therefore should be considered as a manifestation of GERD extraesophageal.
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Refluxo Gastroesofágico/complicações , Erosão Dentária/etiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Refluxo Gastroesofágico/epidemiologia , Humanos , Masculino , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fumar/efeitos adversos , Fumar/epidemiologia , Erosão Dentária/epidemiologiaRESUMO
Background: Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare tumor that occurs on areas exposed to ultraviolet light. It is usually asymptomatic and it is diagnosed late often. The treatment is surgical, associated with adjuvant radiotherapy. The objective was to present the experience in the management of Merkel cell carcinoma in a reference medical center. Methods: all patients with Merkel cell carcinoma treated at the Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas of the Universidad Veracruzana during the period 2008 to 2011 were studied. Sex, age, evolution time, tumor localization, size, metastases and treatment were analyzed. Results: of 3217 patients treated, three cases were Merkel cell carcinoma (0.09 %), their age was 52.1 ± 14.17, male predominance of 66.67 %; the evolution time was of 29.66 ± 35.36 months; the tumour localization was on inguinal region, anterior chest and left arm; the noodle size was of 6.0 ± 5.19 cm; two patients had lymph node metastases. In two cases, resection and lymphadenectomy were performed. They all received radiation therapy and chemotherapy in one case. Histologically the medium variant predominated; immunohistochemistry was positive in the three cases. One patient died ten months after the study was done. Conclusions: our experience is similar with others authors, Merkel cell carcinoma is a rare tumor, usually diagnosed late, and it has poor survival.
Introducción: el carcinoma de células de Merkel se presenta en las zonas expuestas a la luz ultravioleta, por lo general es asintomático, con diagnóstico tardío y su tratamiento es quirúrgico con radioterapia adyuvante. El objetivo es presentar la experiencia en el manejo del carcinoma de células de Merkel de un centro de referencia en Veracruz. Métodos: revisión de pacientes atendidos en el Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas de la Universidad Veracruzana entre enero de 2008 y junio de 2011. Resultados: de 3217 pacientes, tres tuvieron carcinoma de células de Merkel (0.09 %), la edad promedio fue de 52.17 ± 14.1 años, dos eran hombres; el tiempo de evolución fue de 29.66 ± 35.36 meses, las localizaciones fueron la región inguinal, la cara anterior del tórax y el brazo izquierdo; el tamaño fue de 6 ± 5.19 cm. Dos pacientes presentaban metástasis ganglionares; en dos se realizó resección y linfadenectomía; los tres recibieron radioterapia y uno, quimioterapia. Histológicamente predominó la variante intermedia. La inmunohistoquímica fue positiva en los tres. Un paciente falleció a los 10 meses. Conclusiones: los resultados concuerdan con los informados en la literatura. El carcinoma de células de Merkel es raro, habitualmente es diagnosticado tardíamente y su pronóstico es malo.
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BACKGROUND: Mirizzi syndrome is a complication of gallbladder stones impacted in Hartmann's pouch or cystic duct with compression of the bile duct. The diagnosis is made by imaging studies, although most of them are found through intraoperative surgical findings. Treatment is cholecystectomy and bile duct restoration when needed. OBJECTIVE: to analyze a series of cases of Mirizzi syndrome and compare the results with those published in the literature. CLINICAL CASE: We report 4 cases with Mirizzi syndrome in a cohort of 1,034 cases studied in the Hospital Español of Veracruz over 21 years. RESULTS: In our series the frequency of Mirizzi syndrome was 0.38%, the average age was 32.1 ± 58.4 years, 50% were male gender and 25% had jaundice with a demonstrable liver profile. In 1 case, ultrasound suggested Mirizzi syndrome and percutaneous cholangiography and computed tomography confirmed the diagnosis. All patients underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy, and 2 transcystic cholangiographies were performed. One case was classified as Type I-A and three as type I-B. (Beltran and Csendes). The postoperative evolution was satisfactory in all and no mortality was presented. CONCLUSIONS: Mirizzi syndrome should be suspected in patients with gallstones who develop obstructive jaundice and it must be confirmed with imaging studies. The surgeon must take extreme precautions to avoid accidental injury to the bile ducts.
Antecedentes: el síndrome de Mirizzi es una complicación de la litiasis vesicular por cálculos impactados en la bolsa de Hartmann o conducto cístico que comprimen la vía biliar principal; el diagnóstico se establece mediante estudios de imagen, aunque la mayor parte son hallazgos transoperatorios; su tratamiento es la colecistectomía con restauración de la vía biliar. Objetivo: analizar una serie de casos de síndrome de Mirizzi y comparar los resultados con lo publicado en la bibliografía mundial. Casos clínicos: se comunican cuatro casos con síndrome de Mirizzi de una cohorte de 1,034 casos con enfermedad litiásica vesicular del Hospital Español de Veracruz, en 21 años. La frecuencia en esta muestra es de 0.38%, con edad promedio de 32.1 ± 58.4 años; 50% son hombres y 25% tuvo ictericia y coluria con perfil hepático demostrativo. En un caso el ultrasonido sugirió síndrome de Mirizzi; el diagnóstico se corroboró por colangiografía percutánea y tomografía computada. A todos los pacientes se les realizó colecistectomía laparoscópica, y en dos se efectuó colangiografía transcística. Un caso correspondió al tipo I-A y 3 al tipo I-B según la Clasificación de Beltrán y Csendes. La evolución postoperatoria fue satisfactoria y no hubo mortalidad. Conclusiones: el síndrome de Mirizzi debe sospecharse en pacientes con litiasis vesicular con ictericia obstructiva. El cirujano debe extremar las precauciones para evitar lesionar la vía biliar.
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Icterícia Obstrutiva/etiologia , Síndrome de Mirizzi , Adulto , Idoso , Colangiocarcinoma/diagnóstico , Colangiografia/métodos , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Feminino , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/epidemiologia , Doenças da Vesícula Biliar/cirurgia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Síndrome de Mirizzi/classificação , Síndrome de Mirizzi/diagnóstico por imagem , Síndrome de Mirizzi/epidemiologia , Síndrome de Mirizzi/cirurgia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Espanha/epidemiologia , Tomografia Computadorizada por Raios X , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Objetivo: Analizar y comparar los resultados obtenidos con las diferentes técnicas quirúrgicas que existen y el manejo conservador de la apendicitis. Sede: Instituto de Investigaciones Médico-Biológicas y Facultad de Medicina de la Universidad Veracruzana. Diseño: Revisión de la literatura. Material y métodos: Se procedió a la revisión bibliográfica de los principales artículos científicos publicados en los últimos 6 años, así como las bases de datos en las fuentes electrónicas de las bibliotecas EBSCOhost, Cochrane y UpToDate. Se analiza y presenta toda la literatura crítica sobre el tratamiento de la apendicitis complicada y no complicada por medio de cirugía convencional, cirugía laparoscópica, NOTES®, cirugía a través de un solo puerto, manejo médico y/o manejo conservador, publicadas entre los años 1996 y 2012. Resultados: La apendicetomía convencional ha sido durante muchos años el estándar de oro para su manejo. En 1982, se introdujo el abordaje laparoscópico que ha demostrado ser tan seguro y eficiente como la cirugía convencional; posteriormente, en 2004, se introdujo la cirugía endoscópica a través de orificios naturales (NOTES®), y en 2007, la cirugía a través de un solo puerto. Recientemente, han aparecido publicaciones sobre su manejo conservador con cirugía de intervalo, lo cual evita un gran número de intervenciones innecesarias con morbimortalidad, comparables a los pacientes sometidos a cirugía en forma urgente. Conclusiones: La apendicetomía continúa siendo el estándar de oro del manejo de la apendicitis aguda; sin embargo, han surgido alternativas de manejo diferentes al criterio quirúrgico tradicional, las cuales han demostrado ser útiles y permiten disminuir la cirugía innecesaria, sin incremento de la morbimortalidad.
Objective: To analyze and compare the results obtained with the diverse surgical techniques currently in use and the conservative management of appendicitis. Setting: Institute of Medical Biological Research and School of Medicine of the University of Veracruz, Mexico. Design: Review of the literature. Material and methods: We performed a bibliographical review of the main scientific articles published in the last 6 years, as well as of the databases contained in the EBSCOhost, Cochrane and UpToDate electronic libraries. We analyze and present critical literature on the management of complicated and non-complicated appendicitis by means of conventional surgery, laparoscopic surgery, NOTES® surgery, one-port surgery, medical handling and/or conservative management, published between 1996 and 2012. Results: Conventional appendicectomy has been for many years the gold standard for its management. In 1982, the laparoscopic approach was introduced and has shown to be as safe and efficient as conventional surgery; later on, in 2004, the natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (NOTES®) was introduced, and surgery through only one port was introduced in 2007. Recently, reports on the conservative management with interval surgery have been published, which avoids a large number of unnecessary intervention with morbidity and mortality comparable to that of patients subjected to emergency surgery. Conclusions: Appendicectomy remains the gold standard for the management of acute appendicitis; however, alternatives have arisen for a different management to that of the traditional surgical criterion, which have demonstrated to be useful and have allowed diminishing unnecessary surgeries, without increasing morbidity and mortality.
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BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic myotomy associated with fundoplication is a useful therapeutic resource for the treatment of achalasia. The aim of the study was to analyze the outcomes of the surgical treatment of achalasia in a group of patients treated at the Hospital Naval de la Secretaría de Marina and at the Hospital Español in Veracruz during a 6-year period. METHODS: Eleven patients were submitted to myotomy and fundoplication. Variables analyzed were age, gender, symptom duration, surgical complications, surgical time, day/stay, and postoperative morbidity. RESULTS: Mean age was 41.7 years ± 7.69 years; 63.64% of the patients were male and 36.36% were female. Average time from symptom onset was 2.5 ± 1.38 years. All patients had received previous unsuccessful medical and endoscopic treatment. Diagnosis was confirmed by esophagogram, endoscopy and manometry. All patients underwent Heller myotomy and fundoplication. Operative time was 140.4 ± 26.2 min. Average days/stay was 3.7 ± 1.4 days. Postoperative course was satisfactory in all patients and there was no perioperative mortality. Average follow-up was 3.8 ± 2.3 years. CONCLUSIONS: In our group, laparoscopic myotomy with fundoplication was a safe procedure offering excellent results comparable with those published in the literature. There is controversy about the type of fundoplication; therefore, the choice is at the discretion of the surgeon.
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Acalasia Esofágica/cirurgia , Esfíncter Esofágico Inferior/cirurgia , Fundoplicatura/métodos , Laparoscopia/métodos , Adulto , Acalasia Esofágica/diagnóstico por imagem , Esofagoscopia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Manometria , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Radiografia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
Objetivo: Evaluar los resultados del tratamiento quirúrgico de pacientes con enfermedad diverticular complicada en un periodo de 9 años. Sede: Hospital Español de Veracruz (tercer nivel de atención). Diseño: Observacional, descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo. Análisis estadístico: Medidas de frecuencia relativa y tendencia central. Pacientes y métodos: Estudio de 41 pacientes operados por enfermedad diverticular del colon complicada. Variables analizadas: Características sociodemográficas, factores de riesgo, indicaciones quirúrgicas, técnica quirúrgica empleada, complicaciones y evolución postoperatoria. Resultados: La edad promedio fue 66 ± 12.3 años, con predominio del género femenino (51.22%). Las principales indicaciones quirúrgicas fueron: perforación (43.90%), diverticulitis de repetición (21.95%), hemorragia (19.51%), fístula de colon a vejiga y vagina (9.76%) y obstrucción (4.88%). La obesidad fue el factor de riesgo más frecuente (24.39%). En el 56.10% de los casos la cirugía fue electiva. En el 92.69% se efectuó resección primaria con anastomosis y en 7.31% procedimiento de Hartmann. La evolución de los pacientes fue satisfactoria en el 78.05%. La mortalidad del grupo fue de 2.44%. Conclusiones: La experiencia de nuestro grupo en el manejo de la enfermedad diverticular complicada revela una elevada morbilidad, con mortalidad similar a la reportada en la literatura mundial. Es recomendable que el manejo sea realizado por cirujanos expertos y en hospitales de concentración.
Objective: To assess the results of surgical treatment of patients with complicated diverticular disease in a 9-year period. Setting: Hospital Español de Veracruz (third level health care). Design: Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study. Statistical analysis: Relative frequency and central tendency measures. Patients and methods: We studied 41 patients with complicated colonic diverticular disease. Analyzed variables were: sociodemographic characteristics, risk factors, surgical indications, surgical technique used, complications, and postoperative evolution. Results: Average age was of 66 ± 12.3 years, predominating women (51.22%). The main surgical indications were: perforation (43.90%), recurring diverticulitis (21.95%), hemorrhage (19.51%), colon fistula toward the bladder and vagina (9.76%), and obstruction (4.88%). Obesity was the most frequent risk factor (24.39%). Surgery was elective in 56.10% cases. Primary resection with anastomoses was performed in 92.69% of the cases and Hartman's procedure in 7.31%. Evolution of patients was satisfactory in 78.05%, and mortality in the group was of 2.44%. Conclusions: Our experience in the management of complicated diverticular disease reveals a high morbidity, with mortality similar to that reported in the worldwide literature. It is advisable that management be performed by experienced surgeons and at concentration hospitals.
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Endometriose/diagnóstico , Endometriose/patologia , Hepatopatias/diagnóstico , Hepatopatias/patologia , Adulto , Biópsia , Colecistectomia Laparoscópica , Danazol/uso terapêutico , Endometriose/tratamento farmacológico , Antagonistas de Estrogênios/uso terapêutico , Feminino , Cálculos Biliares/cirurgia , Humanos , Achados Incidentais , Hepatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , Peritônio/patologia , Resultado do TratamentoRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In 1980, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) was described. It is related to the genesis of gallstones and is considered as a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. In order to determine the frequency, anatomoclinical characteristics and biochemical and histological alterations in NAFLD, patients underwent cholecystectomy (GD). For this reason, we considered carrying out this study. METHODS: This was a prospective and observational study. The study population was comprised of patients with gallstone disease who were treated at the "Hospital Español" in Veracruz, Mexico from January 1, 2005 to November 30, 2006 and underwent cholecystectomy and liver biopsy. Analyzed variables were anthropometric characteristics and risk factors, and in each patient biochemical tests, abdominal ultrasound (US) and histological liver study were performed. RESULTS: In 95 patients, according to liver biopsy diagnoses, we found a frequency of 54.74% of NAFLD associated with gallstones. Females were more affected (71.15%) and the average age was 55.6 +/- 17.87 years. Risk factors were obesity (67.3%), diabetes mellitus (17.3%), and dyslipidemia (76.92%). Patients with NAFLD had elevated levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides and HDLcholesterol, and aminotransferases. Abdominal US did not show sufficient specificity and sensitivity to detect NAFLD. Histological findings showed stage I steatosis in 51.93%, stage II in 28.84% and stage III in 19.23%. Cirrhosis was found in 3.15%. DISCUSSION: Results of our study confirm the high frequency of NAFLD in association with gallstone disease. We consider this the first work to analyze and describe the primary clinical, biochemical and morphological characteristics.
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Colelitíase/epidemiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/epidemiologia , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Antropometria , Biópsia , Colecistectomia , Colelitíase/cirurgia , Colesterol/metabolismo , Comorbidade , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Feminino , Humanos , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/etiologia , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismo , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Ultrassonografia , Adulto JovemRESUMO
BACKGROUND: In 1980, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NALFD) was described. It is related to the genesis of gallstones and is considered as a manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. In order to determine the frequency, anatomoclinical characteristics and biochemical and histological alterations in NAFLD, patients underwent cholecystectomy (GD). For this reason, we considered carrying out this study. METHODS: This was a prospective and observational study. The study population was comprised of patients with gallstone disease who were treated at the [quot ]Hospital Español[quot ] in Veracruz, Mexico from January 1, 2005 to November 30, 2006 and underwent cholecystectomy and liver biopsy. Analyzed variables were anthropometric characteristics and risk factors, and in each patient biochemical tests, abdominal ultrasound (US) and histological liver study were performed. RESULTS: In 95 patients, according to liver biopsy diagnoses, we found a frequency of 54.74% of NAFLD associated with gallstones. Females were more affected (71.15%) and the average age was 55.6 +/- 17.87 years. Risk factors were obesity (67.3%), diabetes mellitus (17.3%), and dyslipidemia (76.92%). Patients with NAFLD had elevated levels of glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin, cholesterol, triglycerides and HDLcholesterol, and aminotransferases. Abdominal US did not show sufficient specificity and sensitivity to detect NAFLD. Histological findings showed stage I steatosis in 51.93%, stage II in 28.84% and stage III in 19.23%. Cirrhosis was found in 3.15%. DISCUSSION: Results of our study confirm the high frequency of NAFLD in association with gallstone disease. We consider this the first work to analyze and describe the primary clinical, biochemical and morphological characteristics.
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Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adulto Jovem , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colelitíase/epidemiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/epidemiologia , Antropometria , Biópsia , Colecistectomia , Comorbidade , Cirrose Hepática/epidemiologia , Cirrose Hepática/etiologia , Colelitíase/cirurgia , Colesterol/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso/metabolismo , Fígado Gorduroso/patologia , Fígado Gorduroso , Fígado/metabolismo , Fígado/patologia , México/epidemiologia , Prevalência , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/metabolismoAssuntos
Doença Diverticular do Colo/terapia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Colo/fisiopatologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , MéxicoRESUMO
INTRODUCTION: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is a very common disease that is being described principally in obese, diabetic and hiperlipidemic patients without significant alcohol consumption (less than 28 ethanol Units per week). Nowadays it is considered as the hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome. The frequency of Non Alcoholic Sreatohepatic (NASH) is 30 to 35% in general population, but it reaches to 70% in patients whose Body Mass Index (BMI) is above 30 kg/m2 as it occurs with diabetic patients. In Mexico there are only isolated reports about it's frequency, nearly 7.1% in general population and 18.5% in diabetic patients. OBJECTIVE: To know the frequency of the Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in patients who receive medical attention at the city of Veracruz. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We studied 337 patients, who were divided into 4 groups: Normal Weight, Overweight, Obese and Diabetes type 2 patients. The individuals who reported previous hepatitis and alcohol consumption were excluded. All patients made a test in order to determinate: age, gender, presence of hepatic stigmata and complaints. Laboratory tests were done to all patients including: Blood glucose, seric lipids, transaminases, proteins and alkaline phosphatase. In those cases with impairment in transaminases results, it was done upper abdominal ultrasound (USG) and hepatic biopsy, in patients who accepted. RESULTS: We identified 53 cases (15.72%) with characteristics of Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. The frequency in patient with normal weight and overweight was 7.14% to 7.76%, while in obese subjects it was 14.15% and 28% in diabetic patients; 73.58% of all patients were female and the other 28.41% were males. The average age of the group was 48.11 years, it was similar the specific age of the normal weight and obese patients, in overweight patients was 61.5 years and the average age in diabetics was 56.42 years. There were significant differences in the results of blood glucose level, glycosilated hemoglobin, cholesterol, seric lipid values and aminotransferases in obese and diabetic patients compared with normal subjects and overweight patients in our study, the USG did not show sensibility and specificity to detect Non alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). DISCUSSION: The results of this study show a lower frequency compared with the rest of the world, however it was higher in diabetic population than the frequency published by Bernal in Hidalgo, Mexico. The aminotransferases level resulted elevated in all patients with metabolic syndrome and NAFLD so we consider that elevated aminotransferases levels is the best predictor to suspect the presence of NAFLD. That is why it's very important to consider the possibility to avoid the progression to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma.
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Fígado Gorduroso/epidemiologia , Síndrome Metabólica/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiologia , Fígado Gorduroso/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Síndrome Metabólica/diagnóstico por imagem , México/epidemiologia , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Obesidade/complicações , Obesidade/epidemiologia , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
OBJECTIVE: We assessed the experience and safety of cholecystectomy through laparoscopic approach in patients with complicated biliary gallbladder disease who were attended at the Hospital Español, Veracruz, Mexico, during a 10-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A prospective, longitudinal, comparative study with a control group was designed. We studied a group of patients with complicated cholelithiasis disease (Group I) and compared them with patients without complicated diseases. We analyzed the following variables: age, gender, risk factors, associated trans-operative pathology and accidents, surgical time, rate of conversion to open procedure, length of hospital stay, complications and evolution. RESULTS: During the 10-year period, 733 cholecystectomies were performed, 245 (33.42%) to treat complicated cholelithiasis and 488 (66.58%) uncomplicated. There were no differences regarding gender, age, risk factors, hospital stay, complications, morbidity and mortality, and iatrogenic lesions of the biliary tree, postoperative morbidity and mortality. In all patients of Group I (245), we found complications of cholelithiasis (acute cholecystitis, choledochal gallstones, vesicular adherences, and cholecystocolonic fistula). Surgical time was longer in Group I and surgical accidents made the surgical procedure more difficult. CONCLUSIONS: The overall results established that laparoscopic cholecystectomy in our institution is a safe procedure in patients with complicated gallbladder disease and can be performed by experienced surgeons.
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Colecistectomia Laparoscópica/efeitos adversos , Colelitíase/complicações , Colelitíase/cirurgia , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Complicações Pós-Operatórias/epidemiologia , Estudos ProspectivosRESUMO
Introducción: proponer una alternativa de tratamiento quirúrgico con la técnica de Roscoe, Graham y Ripstein modificada, y determinar su eficacia para el prolapso rectal.Material y método: se presenta la experiencia de 10 años (1990-1999) de una serie de casos de pacientes con prolapso rectal completo, diagnosticados tanto clínicamente como por radiodiagnóstico y endoscopia, los cuales fueron sometidos a cirugía, con la técnica de fijación del recto al promontorio, en el Hospital de Especialidades del Centro Médico Nacional "Adolfo Ruiz Cortínes" del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social en la ciudad de Veracruz. Los datos fueron tomados directamente del paciente y de su expediente clínico. El análisis de los resultados se realizó con metodología de estadística descriptiva.Resultados: se estudiaron 58 casos, 67.24 por ciento correspondió al sexo masculino y 32.76 por ciento al femenino, con una proporción de 3:1. La edad promedio del grupo fue de 49.5 años y el tiempo promedio de evolución de los síntomas fue de 5.3 años. El seguimiento clínico postoperatorio fue de 2 a 10 años. La evolución fue satisfactoria en 98.28 por ciento, existiendo solamente recidiva del prolapso en 1.72 por ciento de los casos. La mortalidad fue de cero. La morbilidad de 3.74 por ciento, con un absceso de pared en un caso y en otro paciente impotencia sexual, que se resolvió mediante la colocación de prótesis peneana.Discusión: la técnica propuesta se considera una alternativa en el tratamiento quirúrgico del prolapso rectal, con reducción permanente de este último en la mayoría de los casos operados (eficacia de 92.28 por ciento), además de ser una técnica sencilla de realizar.