RESUMO

This study aimed to identify Candida spp. collected from oral mucosa and maintained in culture collections, correlating the findings with the medical history of patients and comparing with data from the literature over the past five years. Seven hundred and eleven oral Candida spp. isolates, collected between 2013 and 2017, were selected and identified using traditional and molecular methods. In addition, a literature review was performed with the key words: "Oral", "Candida" and "Yeast". Seven species of the genus Candida: were identified C. albicans(73.3%); C. tropicalis (9.3%); C. parapsilosis (8.2%); C. glabrata (3.9%); C. guilliermondii(2.8%); C. krusei (1.7%) and C. lusitaniae (0.3%). The strains identified as C. albicans were submitted to molecular methods using specific primers and of these, 5.8% were identified as C. dubliniensis strains. The greatest diversity of strains was found in patients presenting no systemic diseases or HIV +, while the highest percentage of strains of Candidanon-albicanswere observed in cancer patients. This study reports a representative distribution of Candidaspecies among individuals exhibiting distinct clinical conditions, in order to contribute to the design of future research on details of aspects involved in the infections caused by these microorganisms. The correct identification of oral Candida strains contributes to a realistic epidemiological approach and future clinical protocols against these pathogens

Assuntos

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: This study aimed to isolate and identify Candida spp. from the environment, health practitioners, and patients with the presumptive diagnosis of candidiasis in the Pediatric Unit at the Universitary Hospital of the Jundiaí Medical College, to verify the production of enzymes regarded as virulence factors, and to determine how susceptible the isolated samples from patients with candidiasis are to antifungal agents. METHODS: Between March and November of 2008 a total of 283 samples were taken randomly from the environment and from the hands of health staff, and samples of all the suspected cases of Candida spp. hospital-acquired infection were collected and selected by the Infection Control Committee. The material was processed and the yeast genus Candida was isolated and identified by physiological, microscopic, and macroscopic attributes. RESULTS: The incidence of Candida spp. in the environment and employees was 19.2%. The most frequent species were C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis among the workers, C. guilliermondii and C. tropicalis in the air, C. lusitanae on the contact surfaces, and C. tropicalis and C. guilliermondii in the climate control equipment. The college hospital had 320 admissions, of which 13 (4%) presented Candida spp. infections; three of them died, two being victims of a C. tropicalis infection and the remaining one of C. albicans. All the Candida spp. in the isolates evidenced sensitivity to amphotericin B, nystatin, and fluconazole. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in the rate of hospital-acquired infections caused by Candida spp. indicates the need to take larger measures regarding recurrent control of the environment.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Microsporum canis is the main zoophylic dermatophyte in dogs and cats, and it is also an important zoonotic agent. The literature showed that cats are asymptomatic carriers of M. canis. This is apparently due to host resistance and/or the presence of strains with lower virulence. This study was aimed to evaluate the keratinolytic, elastinolytic and collagenolytic activities of M. canis strains and their relationship with symptomatic and asymptomatic cats. In addition, these strains were analysed by RFLP. The strains isolated from cats with clinical dermatophytosis had higher keratinase and elastase activity than those isolated from asymptomatic animals (p minus than 0.05). There were not differences in RFLP patterns based on Hind III digestion.

Assuntos

RESUMO

Dermatophytosis is a zoonosis in whose etiology the dermatophyte Microsporum canis is frequently involved. The fungus can be transmitted to man by dogs and cats. In the present study, guinea pigs were experimentally inoculated with M. canis and the course of the lesions was evaluated. Inoculation resulted in lesions in 100% of the animals, with a clinical course consisting of an incubation period, an inflammatory and a phase of lesion resolution. The histopathologic evaluation of the skin biopsies revealed the presence of acanthosis, hyperkeratosis, spongiosis and marked dermal edema. M. canis spores and hyphae were detected in histologic sections stained with periodic acid-Schiff. The combination of the fluorescent dyes FD and EB permitted the adequate visualization of viable and dead fungal cells in skin fragments of guinea pigs inoculated with M. canis and the identification of the morphologic characteristics of the cells. This experimental model represents a valuable instrument for the study of the pathogenesis of dermatophytic infection with respect to the evaluation of the efficacy of antifungal drugs, and may also be used for the study of the immunology of dermatophytoses and of dermatophyte morphogenes

Com frequência o dermatófito Microsporum canis está envolvido na etiologia da dermatofitose, podendo ser transmitido para o homem por cães e gatos. Neste estudo foi procedida inoculação experimental de M. canis em cobaias resultando em lesões em 100 % dos animais e o curso clínico consistiu de período de incubação, fase inflamatória e fase de resolução das lesões. O exame histopatológico de biópsias cutâneas revelou presença de infiltrado neutrofílico e edema; acantose, hiperqueratose e espongiose. Estas lesões tornaram-se menos acentuadas no 30.0 dia pós-inoculação. Esporos e hifas de M. canis foram detectadas em cortes histológicos corados com PAS (Ácido Periódico de Schiff). A combinação dos corantes fluorescentes diacetato de fluoresceína (DF) e brometo de etídio (BE), possibilitou uma adequada visualização das células fúngicas viáveis e não viáveis com evidenciação de seus caracteres morfológicos. Este modelo experimental representa um valioso instrumento para o estudo da patogênese da infecção por dermatófitos, para a avaliação da eficácia de drogas antifúngicas, podendo também ser utilizado em estudos sobre a imunologia das dermatofitoses e na determinação da morfogênese de dermatófitos.

RESUMO

The adherence of Candida albicans is considered an important virulence factor since it determines the colonization of the yeast in various regions of the host, being the initial cause of the infection. In this work we studied the adherence of C. albicans (serotypes A and B) to HeLa and Vero cells after culture for 18 h and 30 h in chemically defined medium (YNB) plus carbohydrate sources such as glucose, sucrose, maltose, galactose and mannose (500 mM). Each assay was performed in triplicate. The best results were obtained with the medium containing glucose. The adherence was greatest in 18 h cultures at 37ºC and at 1 h contact time. The interaction of yeast cells with the host cells was studied by scanning microscopy.

A aderência é considerada como um importante fator de virulência de Candida albicans por determinar a colonização dessas leveduras em diversas regiões do hospedeiro. É a causa inicial da infecção. Neste trabalho estudamos a aderência de C. albicans (sorotipos A e B) em culturas de células Hela e Vero, com leveduras cultivadas por 18 e 30 horas em meio YNB adicionado de fontes de carboidrato como glicose, sacarose, maltose, galactose e manose (500 mM). Cada ensaio foi realizado em triplicata. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos no meio adicionado de glicose. A aderência foi maior em culturas de 18 horas, incubadas a 37ºC no tempo de contato com as células de 1 hora. O estudo da interação entre as leveduras e a cultura de células foi realizado utilizando-se a microscopia eletrônica de varredura.

RESUMO

It is presented the result of a mycological study performed in 212 dogs which showed superficial tesions clinically related to dermatomycosis, during the period of January till December, 1986. Through the direct microscopic examination and cultures isolation from the specimens, there were identified the following etiologic agents: Malassezia pachydermatis (49,5%); Microsporum canis (30,0%); M. gypseum (4,7%); Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0,9%). Several different genera were identified in low frequencies as follows: Candida; Trichosporon; Torulopsis; Geotrichum; Cephalosporium; ScopuI ariopsis and a dematiaceous fungi. The highest frequency of dermatomycosis occurred in the group of dogs which had less than 11 months old.

Foram estudados 212 casos de cães com suspeita clinica de dermatomicose, no período de janeiro a dezembro de 1986. Deste total investigado, foram diagnosticados, através de exame microscópico direto e cultivo, 107 casos de dermatomicoses (50,5%). Malassezia pachydermatis foi o agente predominante (43,5%) seguido dos dermatófitos Microsporum canis (30,0%), M. Gypseum (4,7%), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (0,9%). Outros fungos como Candida sp, Trichosporon sp, Torulopsis sp, Geotrichum sp, Cephalosporium sp, Scopularopsis sp e fungos dematáceos foram isolados, sendo discutível sua participação na etiologia primária das lesões. De acordo com a faixa etária, a maior prevalência ocorreu no grupo de até 11 meses e com referência ao sexo, não houve predominância significativa.