RESUMO

The thoracoabdominal breathing motion pattern is being considered in sports training because of its contribution, along with other physiological adaptations, to overall performance. We examined whether and how experience with cycling training modifies the thoracoabdominal motion patterns. We utilized optoelectronic plethysmography to monitor ten trained male cyclists and compared them to ten physically active male participants performing breathing maneuvers. Cyclists then participated in a self-paced time trial to explore the similarity between that observed during resting breathing. From the 3D coordinates of 32 markers positioned on each participant's trunk, we calculated the percentage of contribution of the superior thorax, inferior thorax, and abdomen and the correlation coefficient among these compartments. During the rest maneuvers, the cyclists showed a thoracoabdominal motion pattern characterized by an increased role of the inferior thorax relative to the superior thorax (26.69±5.88%, 34.93±5.03%; p=0.002, respectively), in contrast to the control group (26.69±5.88%; 25.71±6.04%, p=0.4, respectively). In addition, the inferior thorax showed higher coordination in phase with the abdomen. Furthermore, the results of the time trial test underscored the same pattern found in cyclists breathing at rest, suggesting that the development of a permanent modification in respiratory mechanics may be associated with cycling practice.

RESUMO

Introdução: A prática de atividades físicas de alto impacto e alta intensidade é um dos fatores relacionados à incontinência urinária (IU) em mulheres. Objetivo: Esta revisão sistemática teve como objetivo verificar a prevalência de IU em mulheres praticantes de Crossfit®. Metodologia: Foram incluídos estudos observacionais publicados nas bases de dados Scielo, PubMed, Embase e Scopus, utilizando os termos de busca "distúrbios do assoalho pélvico", "incontinência urinária", "CrossFit®" e "assoalho pélvico", nas línguas portuguesa e inglesa. Resultados: Após triagem seguindo o protocolo PRISMA, foram incluídos 7 artigos. Os resultados encontrados indicaram uma média na prevalência de 36%, sendo considerada significativa em mulheres praticantes de CrossFit®, e a prevalência de incontinência urinária de esforço (IUE) sendo maior em comparação com outros grupos. Além disso, foi observado que as mulheres com maior volume de treinamento são as mais afetadas por essa condição. Conclusão: Com base nos achados desta revisão, pode-se concluir que o CrossFit® é um fator agravante para a ocorrência de IU e IUE, com uma prevalência consideravelmente alta na população feminina praticante. Portanto, os profissionais de Educação Física devem estar preparados para lidar com esta situação, desde a prescrição de exercícios preventivos até a orientação correta e encaminhamento da praticante para os profissionais adequados quando necessário

Introduction: The practice of high-impact and high-intensity physical activities is one of the factors related to urinary incontinence (UI) in women. Objective: This systematic review aimed to verify the prevalence of UI in Crossfit® women practitioners. Methodology: Observational studies published in the Scielo, PubMed, Embase and Scopus databases were included, using the search terms "pelvic floor disorders", "urinary incontinence", "CrossFit®" and "pelvic floor", in Portuguese and English. Results: After screening following the PRISMA protocol, 7 articles were included. The results found indicated an average prevalence of 36%, being considered significant in Crossfit® women practitioners, and the prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) being higher compared to other groups. Furthermore, it has been observed that women with a greater training volume are those most affected by this condition. Conclusion: Based on the findings of this review, it can be concluded that CrossFit® is an aggravating factor for the occurrence of UI and SUI, with a considerably high prevalence in the practicing female population. Therefore, Physical Education professionals must be prepared to deal with this situation, from prescribing preventive exercises to providing correct guidance and referring the practitioner to the appropriate professionals when necessary

Introducción: La práctica de actividades físicas de alto impacto y alta intensidad es uno de los factores relacionados con la incontinencia urinaria (IU) en las mujeres. Objetivo: Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo verificar la prevalencia de IU en mujeres que practican Crossfit®. Metodología: Se incluyeron estudios observacionales publicados en las bases de datos Scielo, PubMed, Embase y Scopus, utilizando los términos de búsqueda "trastornos del suelo pélvico", "incontinencia urinaria", "CrossFit®" y "suelo pélvico", en portugués e inglés. Resultados: Tras el cribado siguiendo el protocolo PRISMA se incluyeron 7 artículos. Los resultados encontrados indicaron una prevalencia promedio del 36%, considerándose significativa en mujeres que practican CrossFit®, siendo la prevalencia de incontinencia urinaria de esfuerzo (IUE) mayor en comparación con otros grupos. Además, se ha observado que las mujeres con un mayor volumen de entrenamiento son las más afectadas por esta condición. Conclusión: Con base en los hallazgos de esta revisión, se puede concluir que CrossFit® es un factor agravante para la aparición de IU e IUE, con una prevalencia considerablemente alta en la población femenina practicante. Por ello, los profesionales de la Educación Física deben estar preparados para afrontar esta situación, desde prescribir ejercicios preventivos hasta proporcionar una correcta orientación y derivar al practicante a los profesionales adecuados cuando sea necesario

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RESUMO

Ballet training includes exercises of high and moderate intensities, which require breathing control for a good performance. This study describes the thoracoabdominal motion of professional dancers and compares the breathing patterns between professional dancers and non-dancers. Participants of this study were four male and four female (30.33 ± 4.64 years) professional dancers and four male and four female (22.75 ± 1.49 years) non-dancers. The participants executed two breathing manoeuvres while sitting motionless: quiet breathing (QB) and vital capacity (VC). The 3D coordinates of 32 retro-reflective markers positioned on the trunk were used to calculate the volume of the superior thorax, inferior thorax and abdomen. Principal component analysis was applied in the volume variation of each trunk compartment to search for dominant independent variables in a breathing motion pattern. The correlation coefficient was calculated to verify the coordination between the compartments during the breathing manoeuvres. A predominance of the superior thorax or abdomen movement was found in both groups. The professional ballet dancers have an efficient breathing pattern and maintain the same breathing pattern in QB and VC manoeuvres. On the other hand, the non-dancers group showed relevant changes of the breathing pattern to respond to a greater breathing effort, like in VC.

Assuntos